案外第三人权益程序保障体系研究

我国民事诉讼法为案外第三人维护自身合法权益设置了执行异议、执行异议之诉、撤销之诉和申请再审四种救济途径。由于四种途径在适用范围上存在模糊和矛盾,因此引发了权益保护方式或路径的选择困境。为了避免选择困境,实现救济资源的有效利用,应当对上述方法予以优化配置。执行异议应定位为程序性审查,终局性中止或撤销相关执行行为有赖于执行异议之诉和第三人撤销之诉。基于再审制度的兜底性质,撤销之诉应当被优先适用。如果案外第三人在执行过程中可以通过相关程序主张权利,原则上在执行结束后排除撤销之诉和审判监督程序适用。从立法论视角出发,撤销之诉在我国的确立是针对虚假诉讼的应激举措,只有在民事诉讼立法和实践中确立既判力制度,才能根本保障案外第三人合法权益。     

监狱安全长效机制建设的几点思考

建立监狱安全长效机制需要客观分析影响监狱安全的各种因素,树立风险意识和责任意识;严格落实现有的监狱制度,强化执行力建设;要注重提高罪犯改造质量,从源头治理上营造和谐稳定的改造氛围,从而做到标本兼治、内外兼修,多措并举,共保安全。     

Biased Budgeting in the Public Sector: Evidence from Italian Local Governments

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to analyse, in terms of presence, determinants and purposes, the misrepresentation of expected revenues during budget formulation and the misrepresentation of actual revenues during budget execution. To this end, we use six-year panel data from Italian municipalities with populations above 15,000. Our results suggest that overestimations of current revenues are more frequent than underestimations, during both budget formulation and budget execution. In terms of determinants, our results highlight the impact on revenue misrepresentation of both political orientation and fiscal stress. Finally, in terms of purposes, we show that revenue underestimation during budget formulation and revenue overestimation during budget execution may contribute to the formation of surpluses. The former, in particular, may allow mayors to create a ‘war chest’ in non-election years, which can then be used to increase net borrowing on the eve of elections.     

Subsuming the ground: how local realities of the Fergana Valley,the Narmada Dams and the BTC pipeline are put to use on the Web

Abstract

Studies of the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) seek to come to terms with a particular problem of political globalization. While global forums are widely attributed the capacity to put in place the conditions for the resolution of local issues, at the same time these sites are seen to place unacceptable restrictions on the articulation of the issues from localist perspectives. ICTs occupy a special position with respect to this dilemma, as they are both seen to be part of the problem, a factor in the enrolment of NGOs in global governance networks, and part of the solution, as instruments of alternative, translocal forms of political organization. This piece shows how a particular style of Web analysis, informed by actor-network theory, demonstrates the need to complicate certain assumptions that inform both these critical and these constructive perspectives. In a series of exercises of network analysis on the Web, we open up for questioning the assumption of the ‘primacy of the local’ on which these perspectives tend to rely. We suggest that the role of ICTs in the globalization of NGO practices should rather be understood in terms of the reformatting of issues for transnational networks. In our interpretations of issue networks on the Web, we argue for the importance of taking more seriously the ways in which the Web highlights the practical constraints on issue articulation faced by NGOs. By way of conclusion, this paper draws attention to the fact that Web studies present a notable extension to the sites studied by actor-network theory and related approaches in assemblages studies, as it compels consideration of the media circulations characteristic of publicity.     

论执行的管理效能

决策和执行是管理中的两个重要环节,两者间只有先后关系,没有从属关系。它们对管理效能的作用大小不同:决策对管理效能存在局限性,不能直接产生管理效能;执行的特质和功能才是管理效能的重要保障。因此,要重视执行对管理效能的重要作用。     

重实体、轻程序——派出所工作的误区

派出所作为公安机关的排头兵,其工作与群众利益紧密相关.目前派出所工作普遍存在"重实体、轻程序"的现象.这一问题的主要根源在于部分公安民警脑子里的封建思想遗毒、对权力的误解以及对程序和效率关系的错误定位.派出所工作必须从思想上高度重视程序,牢固树立为人民服务的思想.警务公开,程序审查员制度等都是解决这一问题的有益尝试.     

“行政强制措施”与“行政强制执行”之间“边界”的划定

本文通过对中外行政强制的法律制度及理论学说的比较研究 ,评判了中外各种主要的划分理论 ,肯定与提出了以“基础行为与执行行为分合说”为基础的“基础行为与执行行为分离并且已经生效”的划分标准。     

“入库规则”:传统的悖离与超越

随着经济的快速发展 ,债权代位权制度在实行效果上 ,出现了对“入库规则”的背离 ,形成了优先权规则。本文从合同法与破产法、民事诉讼法的协调出发 ,认为 ,“入库规则”应与破产同化 ,而优先权规则应遵循强制执行的理念 ,追求效率下的公平。     

关于监狱在执行刑罚中的几个法律问题的探讨

1994年颁布实施的《监狱法》是新中国第一部规制监狱行刑活动的专门法典。《监狱法》的颁行为监狱依法治监提供了重要的法律依据和法律保障。但《监狱法》的有关规定与修订后的《刑事诉讼法》的规定产生了重大差异和冲突。本文试对《监狱法》和《刑事诉讼法》关于暂予监外执行、监狱提请人民检察院或者人民法院处理的问题以及近些年来在监狱出现的罪犯在会见亲属期间与其配偶同居等问题进行探讨。     

行刑时效的根据研究

行刑权是一种刑罚权,因此行刑权具有与刑罚权相同的正当化根据,即正义与合目的性。在此基础上,行刑时效的正当化根据具体体现在以下四个方面:行为人已经改善、一般预防的目的已不可能达到、社会秩序复归平稳和社会正义。