Inefficiencies in Public Policies

'Government failures,' or inefficient public policies, can be classified broadly into two groups: those whose faults fall on the supply side and those that are imperfect on the demand side. The former are further divided into X-inefficiencies and those deriving from the failure to adequately perceive the actual policy benefits or costs. The latter result when policy demands are either inflated or lower than the socially optimal level. This article examines each of these groups in turn with the help of microeconomic analytical tools, proposing remedial political/policy measures for each.     

Injuries and Health Care Use in Women with Partners in Batterer Intervention Programs

Objective:To characterize injury frequency, injury patterns, and health care seeking behavior in women with intimate partners enrolled in batterer intervention programs. Methods: A standardized telephone interview was conducted on a sample of women with male partners enrolled in batterer intervention programs in four U.S. cities. Information on prior injuries and the utilization of health care services was sought. Results: Four hundred and eighty eight of the 648 women (75.3%) reported a history of prior injury as a result of abuse. Contusions were the most common injury. Of the women reporting contusions, 233 (51.4%) reported contusions as their only injuries. Another 220 women (48.6%) reported other injuries in addition to contusions. In the majority of cases (63.2%) the contusions were to multiple body parts. When the contusion involved only one anatomical region, it was mostly to the face. A total of 192 of the 488 injured women (39.3%) reported ever seeking medical care for injuries caused by their intimate partner. Twenty-three women (4.7% of the injured cohort or 3.5% of the total cohort) reported having ever been hospitalized for injuries sustained from abuse.     

Protective Orders and Domestic Violence: Risk Factors for Re-Abuse

One of the few legal tools for protecting victims of domestic violence is the civil Protection Order (PO). How effective they were in preventing re-abuse was analyzed by examining court and police records from 210 couples in which female victims (or applicants) filed POs against their violent partners. Police records for 2 years prior and two years following the issuance of a PO were reviewed. Results indicated a significant decline in the probability of abuse following a PO. Prior to filing a PO, 68% of the women reported physical violence. After filing, only 23% reported physical violence. Several risk factors were assessed and it was found that very low SES women were more likely to report re-abuse as were African-Americans.     

Perpetrator Personality Effects on Post-Separation Victim Reactions in Abusive Relationships

Previous research has examined the influence of the abusive personality (Dutton, 1994a,b) on relationship dynamics. Men with high scores of abusive personality (borderline personality organization, anger and MCMI8: Negativity) generate more frequent and extreme forms of physical and emotional abuse in intimate relationships. Other lines of research have examined the role of these relationship features in influencing post-separation adjustment in women. The current study combines two data sets; one bearing on the first of these issues, the other on the second issue, in order to connect characteristics of the perpetrator's personality to post separation aspects of victim reaction. Substantial associations are found between abusive personality and relationship dynamics and between the latter and persistent attachment, trauma symptoms, and lowered self esteem in battered women.     

扩大内需应坚持投资与消费"双拉动"

针对近年来我国通货紧缩、内需不足、市场低迷的情况，中央把扩大内需、开拓国内市场，确定为我国经济发展的基本立足点和长期战略方针。内需对推动经济稳健增长起决定性作用，投资需求是实现经济稳健增长的重要推动力量，而消费需求是实现经济稳健增长的主要动力。因此，扩大内需应坚持投资与消费的“双拉动”。     

State Abortion Policies,Targeted Regulation of Abortion Provider Laws,and Abortion Demand

Targeted Regulation of Abortion Provider laws (or TRAP laws) are state laws that apply only to abortion providers and impose on them licensing fees, physical plant/personnel regulations, and requirements that exceed those imposed on other comparable health‐care providers or medical facilities. According to prochoice supporters, the explicit or implicit goal of TRAP laws is to drive abortion providers from the market and reduce the supply of abortion services. This paper examines whether a state TRAP licensing fee or a TRAP plant/personnel law also has an independent impact on women's demand for abortion over the period 1982–2005. The empirical results find that neither state TRAP law has a statistically significant independent effect on women's abortion demand. The empirical results remain robust even after controlling for time‐varying factors or the time period after the Supreme Court's landmark 1992 Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey decision.     

城市万米网格化管理的思考——结合成都市数字化城市管理建设的探讨

通过建设成都市数字化城市管理信息系统中研究的成果和积累的经验,对"城市万米网格化管理"的内容延伸和空间拓展进行了分析和阐述,并对其实现条件进行了探讨.     

金融支持与吉林省房地产市场的发展

近年来吉林省房地产市场得到了长足的发展,但是吉林省的房地产市场仍然处于一个较为初级的发展阶段,房屋价格远远低于全国平均水平,而且面临着较为严重的供给约束和有效需求不足问题。虽然以银行贷款为主的金融支持推动了吉林省房地产市场的发展,但是吉林省房地产市场的金融支持力度仍低于全国平均水平。因此,应当在现有金融支持规模的基础上,适当加大支持力度,以便更好地促进吉林省房地产市场的发展。     

双循环新发展格局视角下推进区域协调发展——论东北老工业基地振兴

从"东北现象"到"新东北现象",东北老工业基地"振而不兴"问题,已经严重影响到我国的区域协调发展.需要跳出就东北论东北的方法,在我国实施国际大循环经济发展战略的背景下,探究东北老工业基地的衰退机制.可以认为,正是东部沿海地区深度嵌入全球经济循环链条,弱化了它与国内经济循环的联系,对东北工业形成了替代,造成国内经济循环与...     

The Incidence of Wife Abuse and Battering and Some Sociodemographic Correlates as Revealed by Two National Surveys in Palestinian Society

Over the past 3 decades, wife abuse and battering has become a major concern throughout the world. However, there is a serious dearth of empirical knowledge about different dimensions of the problem in the Arab world. This article documents the incidence of different patterns of abuse and battering as revealed in two national surveys conducted among Palestinian women from the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Systematic random samples of 2,410 women and 1,334 women participated in the first and second surveys, respectively. The annual incidence of psychological, sexual, and economic abuse as well as physical violence are presented, and some of their sociodemographic correlates are discussed in relation to each of the two surveys. The limitations of the two surveys and implications of their results for future research and theory development are also discussed.