常识与理性（二）：法官角色再审思

法官的裁判员角色已然作为常识,根植于我们的知识体系之中。但理性告诉我们,法官不是普通的裁判员,他还充当了社会秩序的维修者、社会公正的建设者和社会良心的守护者等角色。正是这些角色,让法官承载了社会工程师的使命。不过,法官的职业特性决定了它只能是＂适用规则的社会工程师＂,法官必须恪守执行性、修复性与具体性等基本法则。     

拉曼光谱成像技术检验朱文时序时印文油墨种类对检验结果的影响

目的考察在运用拉曼光谱阵列面扫描检验朱文时序的方法中印文油墨种类对检验结果的影响。方法根据拉曼谱图的不同对搜集的21种印泥印油进行扫描并分类,采用拉曼光谱阵列面扫描技术对印泥印油与同一书写笔形成的朱文时序样本进行检验。结果 21种印泥印油被分为11类,21种印泥印油与蓝色签字笔形成的朱文时序样本都得到了良好的检验结果。结论印文油墨种类用拉曼光谱阵列面扫描检验朱文时序的检验结果没有影响。     

风险时代的秩序重建与法治信念——以“能动司法”为对象的讨论

转型时期中国社会呈现高风险状态。在民众中确立新的共同价值观和实现社会治理模式的规则之治是风险控制与秩序重建的两个基点。能动司法的出现回应了转型时期风险控制、秩序重建的需要,因而获得高度的政治合法性。能动应有之意包括:通过裁判确立风险社会的法治信念,重建社会共享价值体系;通过始终如一的适用法律,实现社会治理模式向规则之治转型;完善民众参与司法机制,让司法成为第一块公共领域。能动司法应当建立在对司法的本质属性与时代使命的准确把握基础上,在政治功能与审判职能之间保持必要的张力和平衡。     

大治安及其学说之边际

大治安,既是个含超公安管理的话题,又是个含超社会治安的话题,还是个含超安邦定国的话题。天时、地利、人和集一身,大治安及其学说必须厘清边际。大治安及其学说边际之长,指大治安是全过程的治安,涉及治安之前、中、后全过程。大治安及其学说边际之宽,指大治安是全方位的治安,涉及治安之官、民、匪全方位。大治安及其学说边际之高,指大治安是全层次的治安,涉及治安之社（社会）、人（人文）、物（自然）全层次。     

Black and White or Technicolor

This article traces the repression of a signifying elements like color in the art of the late medieval period and coordinates it with the rise of text, sovereignty and legal order in the 16th century. It uses Deleuze’s notions of life and the virtual as a springboard for an analysis of the power of color in Giotto, Fra Angelico, Grunewald, Cranach and Holbein. It traces a trajectory from an art in the late Middle Ages that decodes and escapes judgment through a joyful use of color to a privileging of text (be it biblical or legal), repression of color and its reterritorialization in classical representation, a despotic regime of signs – seen quite literally in the portrait of the imperial and despotic monarch, Henry VIII. This trajectory in art is linked to an analogous movement: the imposition and extension of sovereignty and the legal system as well as the colonization of social life by law in the formative period of the nation state. The challenge is to create a world of technicolor, to actualize the color of living and the living of color. Without it, there is only law, in black and white.

Jihad: a South African perspective

The India, Brazil and South Africa Dialogue Forum (IBSA) established in 2003 brings together three like-minded, democratic, market economies of multi-cultural and multi-ethnic character, sharing a broadly similar economic, political and development situation. At the time of its formation IBSA was widely regarded as representing a novel form of South-South cooperation, transcending older models rooted in the logic of North-South confrontation in the post-colonial, Cold War world. However, now, as the respective countries prepare for their tenth anniversary summit in India, the forum seems to face a growing sense of irrelevance, perhaps even an existential crisis. There has been a proliferation of other forums—notably BRICS and the G20—which means that IBSA needs to differentiate itself if it is to endure. This paper suggests a common vision for IBSA, based on the concept of international liberalism, implying an open international market, well-regulated capital markets and tailored domestic policies such as social policy, health policy and education policy, may well increase the weight IBSA can gain in different international forums.     

治安管理处罚的谦抑性探析

刑罚中应用比较普遍的谦抑性原则在行政处罚领域却鲜有提及,这对控制同样是我国对公民权惩处方式的行政处罚而言是不足的。而在与刑罚衔接最为密切的行政处罚种类治安管理处罚中,其调整对象、指导理念和行为要求方面却都有谦抑性的要求和体现。研究治安管理处罚的谦抑性,首先表现为治安管理处罚权的设定和存在必须谦抑,其次是治安管理处罚权的行使和调处过程要体现谦抑。     

论社区警务在我区反恐维稳工作中的地位和作用

社区警务作为一种全新的警务理念,对传统警务工作方式提出了挑战。我区社区警务在反恐维稳的整体工作中还是薄弱环节。社区民警缺乏反恐情报搜集意识,社区结合部控制力弱。缺少系统科学的反恐情报搜集体系和研判机制。应加强对“社会人”、出租房屋及社区结合部和社会死角的管理。完善社区警务机制,提高情报搜集能力,打击和压缩恐怖组织活动空间,以有效发挥社区警务在维护警民合作、社区治安秩序、预防犯罪及反恐维稳工作中的作用。     

论政府信任关系的秩序功能——读张康之教授《行政伦理的观念与视野》

秩序的供给是政府的基本职能。在分析社会的秩序需求时,会发现政府信任关系与秩序模式之间的关联性。在《行政伦理的观念与视野》一书中,张康之教授在历史的坐标中把人类以及政府的信任关系划分为习俗型、契约型和合作型,认为在习俗型信任关系的基础上所造就的是权力秩序,在契约型信任关系的基础上则造就出了法律秩序,正在成长中的合作型信任关系将成为合作秩序得以确立的基础。习俗型和契约型的政府信任关系以及与之相关联的权力秩序、法律秩序反映在各自的社会治理过程中,是以社会隔离的方式去强化社会的异质性的,它们分别反映出了制度的理性危机和道德缺失。合作型政府信任关系将扬弃既往所有的外在秩序追求,为确立一种有机性的、内在于人的和谐秩序提供支持。     

Protecting victims of intimate partner violence: Swedish prosecutors’ experiences of decision-making regarding restraining orders

Restraining orders can be used as a risk management strategy to reduce the likelihood of intimate partner violence (IPV) re-victimisation. The aim of this study was to examine how prosecutors work with cases of IPV, with a focus on their collaboration with police, use of violence risk assessment and implementation of restraining orders. A qualitative analysis was conducted based on semi-structured interviews with five prosecutors operating in two northern police districts in Sweden in 2016. Data were analysed using latent content analysis. Three overarching themes arose: The case, Organization of resources and Interpretation of the law. Each theme was discussed in the context of the prosecutors’ work with IPV. Prosecutors pointed to several inadequacies in the legislation and offered potential solutions that would ameliorate their work. Results also showed that prosecutors seldom used violence risk assessments conducted by police as a basis for issuing restraining orders. The primary reason for this was a lack of clear routines governing cooperation between police and prosecutors in the application process. The results from this study can be used when training criminal justice personnel in order to obtain a better understanding of the difficulties that prosecutors face when trying to protect victims of IPV.