对行政指导问题的冷思考

行政指导是当前中国行政法学界关注的热点问题。本文通过对行政指导的性质、在国外的运用效果以及在中国的实践状况进行冷静的反思 ,指出在中国目前法治尚不健全的情况下 ,不宜大力推行行政指导 ,对已有的行政指导则可转化为易于规范的其他类型的行政行为。     

反思司法潜规则

司法潜规则是指在司法机关内部通行或者认可的但未向外界公布的办案规则与程序。具体表现为自由裁量权过大;无原则的量刑迁就;侵犯人权的诉讼拖延;变相放人的监外执行等等。其产生的原因是,长期以来对程序正义的忽视;转型时期司法权力的异化;程序缺乏公开性和透明性。今天的司法正义是潜规则下被扭曲了的正义,要改变这一现状,必须要树立司法权威,加强程序法制;加强司法监督和权力制约;加强司法的公开度和透明度。     

试论德治的政治伦理视角

政治与道德或法律与伦理 ,都是社会的基本价值元素 ,他们共同构成社会和国家生存与生长的规范基础和理想目标。作为社会政治治理的基本规范 ,法治是首要的和最基本的 ,具有作为社会国家治理方式的基础地位 ,而德治是政治的合道德性或伦理合理性 ,这是民主法制基础上的道德正当性诉求。德治与法治的内在价值关系应当是相互配应和相互支持的价值资源互补关系。这种政治伦理理念应当成为现代民主社会条件下的以德治国所追求的基本目标。     

完善中小股东权益保护立法之我见

完善公司法人治理结构 ,保护股东合法权益是现代公司制度中的重要内容。我国公司立法对股东会的法律地位及其职能等作出了规定 ,但在实践中仍然暴露了法律适用中的若干不足。面对大股东操纵股东大会通过有利于自己而损害中小股东权益的决议 ,中小股东常因现行公司立法相关规定之空白而无能为力。因此有必要尽快完善相关立法 ,为现代公司制度的发展提供强有力的法律保障。     

Law,fact and legal language

This paper discusses the difference between the factual and the legal, both as to terms and as to statements, on the analogy of the methodologists' distinction of the observational and the theoretical. No absolute distinction exists, and pure brute facts do not exist in law because of the socialisation of physical world and juridification of the social world.; also, the effect of evidentiary constraints. Law/fact distinction depends on applicability rules. The problem of mixed terms is partly a matter of judicial pragmatics, partly to do with the character of applicability rules, and their extensiveness. Semantic realism versus semantic instrumentalism in respect of legal terms -- the latter preferred. Tendency to abstract terms in advanced legal orders.     

Demand Created by the Growing Digital Economy for Innovations in Regulation from the Perspective of the Rule of Law

The digital economy can significantly deepen supply-side reform and upgrade consumption and lifestyle in the new era. While having made great achievements, the digital economy has also introduced many regulatory risks and troubles. The basic logic of the digital economy is the eco-industrial chain based on data and big data resources. Since the current data property rights system is unclear, various forms of competition based on data resources have seriously challenged existing laws and their implementation mechanisms. To address the problems of an insufficient institutional supply and weak implementation, and to facilitate the growth of the digital economy, we should update the regulations’ concepts and methods, establish a new logic of system regulations, improve the implementation mechanisms by using the overall and multi-level regulation thinking, and build a multi-dimensional, diversified and all-round economic rule of law regulation system led by the government with the participation of operators, consumers and social organizations. This regulation system relies on the synergy between top-level design and top-level promotion, respects the balance of multiple interests, and finally realizes the three-dimensional integration of efficiency, fairness and security.     

Farmers,Traders and Brokers in the Gold Coast Cocoa Economy

Creating an autonomous and efficient judiciary represents an important and necessary step for the consolidation of democracy and the reconciliation of a nation divided by almost two decades of conflict over the contentious issue of Ivoirité. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the progress that has been made in the establishment of the rule of law in Côte d’Ivoire under the current president, Alassane Ouattara, by comparing the period of his presidency to those of his predecessors, Henri Konan Bédié, General Robert Gueï and Laurent Gbagbo. I argue that the judiciary is still struggling to establish its autonomy and that one of its main problems is its lack of impartiality. I examine possible reasons for the courts’ persistent weak accountability performance and discuss possible remedies.     

权力制衡：现代法治形成的直接条件

在现代法治形成的条件系统中,权力制衡之于法治最具有直接性的意义。它不仅有利于良法的生成,更为良法的普遍遵守提供了制度性保障,从而成为现代法治得以实现的结构性的必然选择,也成为中国法治建设的现实突破口。     

政府机构改革必须建立在法治的基础上

建国以来我们进行过多次政府机构改革,但始终未能跳出精简——膨胀——再精简——再膨胀的怪圈,造成此现象的原因是多方面的,而缺乏法制化的强制性约束正是其中的一个重要原因。所以,1998年开始的机构改革要跳出怪圈,要走出一条新路,就必须使政府机构改革建立在法治的基础上。     

权利控制与依法行政

文章在着重研究加强行政权力控制重要意义的基础上,提出了加强行政权力的制衡的基本策略及有关原则,并将行政执法者权力意识的增强作为加强行政权力控制的内在动力来进行论证。