对刑事证人出庭作证理论基础的思考

刑事证人出庭作证制度是证据法研究的热点之一,国内在该问题技术上的研究多于理论上的探索,似乎在该问题的理论基础上已有广泛的认同,即对义务论的认同,然而义务论会带来诸如主体工具之说,自由功利之说的许多困惑,相反,权利论却有独特的优势,因此如果尝试从权利论的角度解读证人作证制度,或许会有所收获。     

论司法鉴定人出庭作证

鉴定人在诉讼中起着重要的作用，鉴定结论必须经过审查、质证后才能在庭审中加以运用，鉴定人出庭作证也是必要的，然而，由于种种因素的影响和制约，当前我国司法实践中鉴定人出庭甚少，相关制度应当加以完善，以提高鉴定人的出庭率。     

论警察出庭作证的程序保障——以《波士顿警察局规则与程序规则320》为蓝本

警察出庭作证问题一直都是法学理论研究和司法实务界讨论的热点问题。我国警察出庭作证之所以存在障碍,一方面是由于刑事诉讼法对警察出庭作证问题规定的不够明确,另一方面是缺乏保障警察出庭作证的程序规则,从而造成警察不出庭理所当然的错误观念。在有关警察出庭作证的程序保障方面,立法比较成熟的美国可以给我们提供一个学习、借鉴的蓝本,特别是《波士顿警察局规则与程序规则320》。     

A problem with empirical studies of party policy shifts: Alternative measures of party shifts are uncorrelated

Many recent cross-national studies analyse the causes and electoral consequences of party policy shifts, using party position measures derived from election manifestos, expert surveys or voter surveys. However few studies validate their findings by analysing multiple measures of party policy shifts. In this article, data on European parties’ position shifts on both European integration and left-right ideology is analysed, showing that this is problematic because, while alternative measures of party policy positions correlate strongly in cross-sectional analyses, alternative measures of parties’ policy shifts are essentially uncorrelated in longitudinal analyses. Suggestions are offered on how to address this problem.     

刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度的解读与完善

2012年新修正的《刑事诉讼法》中规定的专家辅助人制度,与两大法系国家的专家证人及技术顾问存在着明显差异,其基本功能在于协助控辩双方质证鉴定意见,因而在庭审中专家辅助人是当事人的助手,表现为诉讼地位的非中立性。为保障专家辅助人制度的贯彻实施,应当通过法律的进一步细化对专家辅助人的出庭申请、决定以及救济等相关程序加以明确和完善。     

浅议“蒙面证人”制度

“蒙面证人”制度是一种隐匿证人身份或声音等形式的作证方式,主要目的是保护证人的人身安全。我国刑事诉讼法第六十二条规定的证人保护制度中就包含了“蒙面证人”制度的内容,这一证人保护制度与保障被告人对质权具有刑事诉讼法价值取向上的冲突,在厘清二者关系的同时探寻一条完善我国刑事证人出庭制度的新路径应当是解决我国刑事案件证人出庭问题的应然选择。     

A case study of interpreter-mediated witness statement: police interpreting in South Korea

Interpreters play an important role in police interviewing witnesses from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. In the cases where interpreters lack professional attributes such as interpreting competence and impartiality, it is very likely that the interpreted evidence and statement will not be a faithful reproduction of original utterances. If attention is not paid to possible alterations by interpreters to the original utterances of the witness and duty of care is lacking in the procedure of obtaining statement from witnesses through such interpreters, the official legal record may not be an accurate one. Drawing on the data of a video-recorded interpreter-mediated police interview in South Korea, this paper examines issues arising from the lack of understanding of the role of interpreters, which may have implications for criminal proceedings. The findings indicate that in addition to interpreter training, more efficient police training in the adoption of best practice guidelines in interviewing through interpreters is required.     

关于刑事见证问题的几点思考

刑事见证制度是刑事侦查活动的监督机制之一,是程序正义的必然要求与具体体现。然而,刑事诉讼法的最新修订及其司法解释并没有完成刑事见证制度构建与完善的任务,而对刑事见证人法律地位的明确以及资格的科学界定等则是其重要的组成部分。要使刑事见证人充分发挥其应有的作用,就必须构建与我国法治水平相适应的刑事见证制度。     

司法鉴定投诉与上访处理制度研究

司法鉴定投诉与上访处理制度是司法鉴定制度的内容之一。随着司法鉴定活动的范围与深度不断拓展,涉鉴上访逐年增加,其处理机制的重要性凸显,但是理论界对于这一内容的制度性研究较少。处理机制的研究应当在分析涉鉴上访的历史、特点、成因的基础上,以相关法律法规为依据,提出关于该制度的原则性建构、规则性建构、监督机制建构与责任机制建构等具体制度内容。