Pig-mentation: postmortem iris color change in the eyes of Sus scrofa

Experienced forensic pathologists and examiners may be familiar with the phenomenon of postmortem iris color change; however, only Knight, Simpson's forensic medicine, Arnold, London, 1997; Ref. 1 and Saukko and Knight, Knight's forensic pathology, 3rd ed., Arnold, London, 2004; Ref. 2 have referred to it in the literature, and to date, there have been no published scientific research studies on this taphonomic artifact. A controlled experiment was conducted of postmortem changes to isolated Sus scrofa eyes. The eyes (n = 137) were separated into three groups and each sample was observed for 3-day postmortem at a different temperature. In addition, a Sus scrofa head was obtained to observe postmortem changes of eyes in situ. All isolated blue eyes in the experiment, at room temperature and higher, changed to brown/black within 48 h. The in situ blue eye, at room temperature, turned brown/black within 72 h. If iris color consistently changes postmortem in humans, then this taphonomic artifact must be incorporated into victim identification protocol, including disaster victim identification software, and autopsy reports to prevent inaccurate victim identification and inappropriate exclusion from the identification process.     

青少年骨关节X线片的骨龄研究

通过对11～16周岁女性及13～20周岁男性青少年左侧肩、肘、腕、髋、膝、踝关节拍摄X线片,进行了青少年的骨龄研究.根据骨骼生长发育的特点,提出了各大关节X线片判定骨龄的观察指标及分级标准,并使用SPSS软件包进行数据处理,建立了青少年利用6大关节骨骺愈合程度判定女性是否已满14周岁、男性是否已满16周岁或18周岁的判别分析方程.     

农民工认同社会主义核心价值观的思考

农民工作为中国工人阶级的重要组成部分,其对社会主义核心价值观的认同非常重要.认同的内容包括农民工对中国特色社会主义社会政治的认同、改变和提升农民工的物质生活条件、社会保障内容和丰富农民工的精神文化生活等内容.农民工认同社会主义核心价值观的过程是“外化”过程和“内化”过程的统一.     

When identity is not reached: two cases from Brasilia

When human remains are examined, three questions always need to be answered: who is the deceased, what was the cause of death, and when did the death occur, the former question being the most relevant. The identification of half or fully skeletonized human remains is a complex process and always requires the use of methods that allow individualization beyond any reasonable doubt. However, no matter how vigorous the search for identification, this is not always achieved. Here, the author presents two cases in which identification was exhaustively attempted but not achieved despite the existence of an osteo implanted device in one case and the presence of documents in the other. In one case, we could not find a potential identity for the deceased, while in the other we found a possible identity but not a family member to provide antemortem data to confirm it. Although the scientific literature tends to favour the publication of cases with favourable outcomes, one should also learn from failures, which is the reason why the author decided to publish his unsuccessful experiences. The reasons for the failures are discussed, as well as methodological improvements for future cases.     

心理学视野下的刑事辨认规则解析

辨认对侦查活动有着重要的意义,但是辨认的准确性会受到多种因素的影响。在刑事辨认过程中要提高辨认的准确率,必须遵循混杂辨认规则、说明规则、禁止暗示规则、分别辨认规则、保密规则、制作笔录规则。从心理学的视角看,我国的刑事辨认规则应进行如下修正：让不知情的人主持辨认,告知辨认人犯罪嫌疑人有可能在也有可能不在队列中或照片中,按顺序呈现辨认对象。     

对贵州民族识别工作的探析与思考

中国自19世纪50年代开展民族识别工作以来,取得了举世瞩目的伟大成果。但就身处于西南边陲的贵州省而言,虽然也在民族识别工作的进程中努力探索并奋斗了60多年,但仍旧有数十万人的未识别民族存在,这既有历史的客观原因,也有主观认识上存在的问题。因此,对贵州民族识别工作的探析与思考就显得尤为重要。     

《现代系统科学与系统检验鉴定》课程改革与实践

课程改革是提高刑事科学技术学科适应当今公安一线实战需要的重要途径。对《现代系统科学与系统检验鉴定》课程的改革是从课程的内容体系着手,重点进行教材建设和教学方法的改革。同时,通过考试方式的改革,引导学生平时努力学习,注重能力培养,避免学生死记硬背理论知识。通过对该课程的一些改革,逐步将现代系统科学的理论和方法引入到刑事科学技术人才培养体系之中,增强学生的检验鉴定能力和应对复杂案件的工作能力。     

精神病犯罪及伪装识别探析

司法实践中伪装精神病犯罪的现象时有发生,它严重干扰了司法活动的正常进行,因此做好伪装精神病识别工作具有十分重要的理论和实践意义。精神病因分析、症状特征观察、区分人格异常与精神病和伪装者是做好精神病伪装识别的重要内容和必要途径,行为责任能力确认应从法律角度进行规范和细化。为确保法律的科学性和可靠性,进入刑事诉讼程序的精神病诊断应取得省级以上医疗机构的支持,     

创业女性性别角色认定的特征及差异研究

虽然男性的创业数量比女性高,但性别本身并不影响创业,真正影响创业的是个体的性别角色认定。对225名创业女性进行研究,发现创业女性的性别角色认定与普通女性有着显著的不同,女性化所占比例不到1/4,而男性化、双性化所占比例则超过50%。就性别角色认定的结构而言,创业女性拥有男性化特征竞争、力量、自治、进取及女性化的特征友好、共感、率真,并且在力量、自治、进取、友好及率真方面存在差异。     

吸毒成瘾认定标准的基本架构——兼评《吸毒成瘾认定办法》

吸毒成瘾的标准,国际医学界持病态说的观点,但在中国适用的标准有着不凡的历程。公复[1998]3号文对吸毒成瘾采用行为说标准,规定只要有证据证明有吸毒行为就可认定为吸毒成瘾。随着采取各种措施帮助吸毒人员戒除毒瘾,教育和挽救吸毒人员的戒毒方针在《禁毒法》中的确立,《吸毒成瘾认定办法》也从医学角度对吸毒成瘾进行了重新审视,采纳了吸毒成瘾病态说的观点。