Facial soft tissue depths in craniofacial identification (part II): An analytical review of the published sub-adult data

Prior research indicates that while statistically significant differences exist between subcategories of the adult soft tissue depth data, magnitudes of difference are small and possess little practical meaning when measurement errors and variations between measurement methods are considered. These findings raise questions as to what variables may or may not hold meaning for the sub-adult data. Of primary interest is the effect of age, as these differences have the potential to surpass the magnitude of measurement error. Data from the five studies in the literature on sub-adults which describe values for single integer age groups were pooled and differences across the ages examined. From 1 to 18 years, most soft tissue depth measurements increased by less than 3 mm. These results suggest that dividing the data for children into more than two age groups is unlikely to hold many advantages. Data were therefore split into two groups with the division point corresponding to the mid-point of the observed trends and main data density (0-11 and 12-18 years; division point = 11.5 years). Published sub-adult data for seven further studies which reported broader age groups were pooled with the data above to produce the final tallied soft tissue depth tables. These tables hold the advantages of increased sample sizes (pogonion has greater than 1770 individuals for either age group) and increased levels of certainty (as random and opposing systematic errors specific to each independent study should average out when the data are combined).     

An unusual case of child head injury by coat hanger*

Traumatic brain injury is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children suspected of child abuse. Penetrating cranio-facial injuries are generally rare in the pediatric age group and are caused by both accidental and inflicted mechanisms. We report an unusual case of a 2-year-old female who was admitted to a pediatric emergency room with an industrial stainless steel coat hanger impaled in her skull. Pertinent clinical forensic medicine examination, coupled with home inspection and interviews by the local law enforcement, revealed a horrible episode of domestic violence.     

Facial Tissue Depths in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a craniofacial malformation affecting more than seven million people worldwide that results in defects of the hard palate, teeth, maxilla, nasal spine and floor, and maxillodental asymmetry. CLP facial soft‐tissue depth (FSTD) values have never been published. The purpose of this research is to report CLP FSTD values and compare them to previously published FSTD values for normal children. Thirty‐eight FSTDs were measured on cone beam computed tomography images of CLP children (n = 86; 7–17 years). MANOVA and ANOVA tests determined whether cleft type, age, sex, and bone graft surgical status affect tissue depths. Both cleft type (unilateral/bilateral) and age influence FSTDs. CLP FSTDs exhibit patterns of variation that differ from normal children, particularly around the oronasal regions of the face. These differences should be taken into account when facial reconstructions of children with CLP are created.     

当前涉众型经济犯罪案件特征及调查取证研究

涉众型经济犯罪案件涉案领域广,涉案金额大,受害人员多,当前还出现了犯罪手段网络化、立体化、公开化,犯罪主体职业化、隐形被害人出现等新特点。该类案件的证据具有言词证据多,物证、书证多,电子证据多等特征。侦查人员通过可对业务流程、资金流向的调查,结合询问、讯问工作,合理运用电子取证手段等方式调取证据。     

涉诉信访案件的特点、成因及对策

涉诉信访使人民法院成为各种社会矛盾与纠纷的聚焦点,大量的涉诉信访案件,已经对和谐社会建设提出严峻的考验和挑战。本文从涉诉信访案件的特点、成因及对策三个方面进行分析和研究,以期为有效解决涉诉信访提供借鉴。     

浅谈英语学习中的词汇学习

英语是词汇量最大的语言,英语词汇的发展经历了一个漫长的过程。英语词汇的变化、多义词和多词性词的妙用、英语词汇的文体色彩、以及英译汉中汉语动词的转换功能,充分说明词汇学习的丰富内涵。     

西南佛教的典型意义

西南地区的佛教有汉传佛教、藏传佛教和南传上座部佛教三种,另外云南还曾流行过阿阇梨教.西南因其濒临佛教发祥地,是佛教传入中国的首经之地,其向西南渗入并拓展的过程,即是佛教中国化、民族化的过程.佛教对中国的影响,以西南为最典型.     

党员先进性辩证分析

科学分析党员先进性是开展保持党员先进性活动的理论前提,辩证分析党员先进性是马克思主义唯物辩证法的基本要求。党员先进性是阶级性和群众性的对立统一,是个性和共性的对立统一,是理论与实践的对立统一,是现实性和可能性的对立统一。这几个辩证范畴是科学认识党员先进性的必然要求,对实现保持党员先进性活动的目标是十分重要的。     

对美军士气理论的解读

美军士气理论是美军士气培育和运用的思想基础.深入解读这一理论的基本内涵、主要特点及其对美军士气建设的影响,有助于全面认识和把握美军士气的历史、现状和未来.