幼儿面部表情识别能力培养的实验研究

为了考察幼儿情绪识别能力培养的效果,我们对50名儿童进行情绪识别培养,结果发现:幼儿情绪识别能力培养效果明显;不同年龄段培养的效果差异显著,3岁效果最明显,3岁也是正性情绪培养的关键期;正性情绪识别能力培养存在性比差异,女生比男生快;幼儿负性情绪识别能力培养3、4岁都有质的改变。结果提示:幼儿情绪识别能力发展迅速,培养效果明显。不同类型情绪培养效果有分离,正性、负性培养作用明显。     

浅谈运用面部微表情技术避免“奥塞罗错误”

公安审讯中经常会遇到无辜者看似有罪或者有罪者伪装无辜的情况,使审讯人员真假难辨。根据人的最初情绪反应的真实性,以被审讯人的情绪反应作为突破口,利用面对指控时无辜者的愤怒情绪和有罪者的恐惧情绪区别出两者,即运用面部微表情的知识辨别愤怒与恐惧,从而区别出无辜者和有罪者,并且通过表情的特性,左右脸表情的一致性和肢体语言、面部表情和话语的一致性三个方面鉴别出真正的无辜者和伪装无辜的有罪者。     

Gender, citizenship and human reproduction in contemporary Italy

This article examines how the recently introduced law on assisted reproduction in Italy, which gives symbolic legal recognition to the embryo, came about, and how a referendum, which would have repealed large sections of it, failed. The occupation of the legal space by the embryo is the outcome of a crusade by a well-organised alliance of theo-conservatives. These groups see in reproductive medicine an uncontrolled interference with their notion of the natural order of things. Such a worldview requires a total ban on stem cell research, limitation of access to reproductive technologies and repressive laws to govern the area. This conservative dream scenario has come closer to being realised by the introduction of a law doing all of these things in the name of the protection of “Life”. In the case of this law, the “life” to be protected is the embryo. In the name of “Life”, scientific advances and individual liberty have been curbed. The politics of embryo citizenship is a politics which values the yet to come over the here and now, purgation over pleasure, and the transcendent over the material.     

从社会性别视角对延安时期新女性的研究

文章从女性的经验和视角出发,探究延安时期新女性所经历的“妇女解放”的艰辛历程。以翔实的资料,展现出延安新女性在革命者与妻母角色、家庭责任与女性自我发展、男性歧视与女性的苦闷这些矛盾冲突中的现实处境。     

From Sancitity to Screening: Genetic Disabilities, Risk and Rhetorical Strategies in Wrongful Birth and Wrongful Conception Cases

This analysis scrutinises the rhetorical strategies used by judges in wrongful life and wrongful birth actions as evidence for the assertion that the judicial reading of public policy in such cases has undergone a significant shift which is likely to accelerate as genetic knowledge grows and health care resources shrink. The implications of the predicted move towards increased genetic testing of prospective parents are traversed in relation to feminist analyses of the impact of genetics on reproductive technology. These are viewed as forming a nexus with the current social constructions of disability and the contemporary cultural preoccupation with risk, in a context of the increasing commercial importance of genetic information. It is argued that women cannot make free and informed choices about genetic testing and pregnancy unless legal and social mechanisms which protect those choices are in place. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

马克思再生产理论与西方经济增长理论的比较及对我国的启示

马克思的社会资本再生产理论和西方经济增长理论，既有历史联系，也有着本质的区别。两者的分歧体现在对经济增长的本源、动力、条件和结果作出了不同的解释，根源在于思想基础和方法论上的对立。当前，构建指导社会主义经济发展的经济增长理论，既要发展和完善马克思关于经济增长的基本原理，也要有选择地比较、借鉴和吸收西方经济增长理论中的一些技术性的分析工具。     

论教育社会学中的新马克思主义——S.鲍尔斯和H.吉丁斯的对应理论及其转向

资本主义的物质生产不是单纯的技术过程,同时也是一种社会过程;而学校生产劳动力也不是单纯的技术过程,同样是一种社会过程。这两种社会过程反映出的社会关系,可以也必须用来做个对比,才能深度理解学校教育。对应理论,是鲍尔斯和吉丁斯将生产过程的社会关系与教育制度的社会关系进行比较之后得出的一个用以解释说明学校教育何以如此的理论。这一理论,始终试图论证的是教育与社会的对应关系、以及教育改革必须依靠社会制度改革的先行。它第一次展现了社会再生产的学术视角,关注到了潜在课程,也为冲突、文化的研究打下了基石,对教育理论和研究影响深远。     

猪和兔附红细胞体的形态学及生殖方式观察

应用光镜和电镜对猪和兔附红细胞体的显微和超微结构进行了观察。结果表明,猪和兔附红细胞体在光镜和电镜下的形态结构、大小以及在红细胞上的附着方式等均无显著差别,其形态多为球形、卵圆形,直径0.2～2.5μm,在红细胞表面以一根或数根纤丝连接成串珠状或单个寄生。在透射电镜下,首次观察到附红细胞体边缘有一段20～30nm厚的光亮区域,并且在扫描和透射电镜下同时观察到附红细胞体的出芽生殖现象。由此推测,附红细胞体的发育方式为成熟的附红细胞体以出芽的方式产生1个未成熟形态的附红细胞体,随着未成熟形态附红细胞体的发育,逐渐从成熟附红细胞体体内脱离出来,最后以纤丝与成熟附红细胞体相连接;脱离出来的未成熟形态的附红细胞体黏附到同一红细胞或临近红细胞的膜上,最终发育成1个成熟的附红细胞体。     

Further Evidence on the Anatomical Placement of the Human Eyeball for Facial Approximation and Craniofacial Superimposition*

Abstract: Recently a small sampled cadaver study (n = 4) suggested that the human eyeballs are placed closer to the orbital roof and lateral orbital wall as first reported in the anatomical literature many years previously. This contrasts with central positioning of the eyeball within the orbit as advocated by the facial approximation literature. Given the limits of such small samples, this study re-examined globe position in nine new cadavers to help clarify which relationship is accurate. The results essentially confirm prior empirical findings except that the mean lateral divergences from the orbit center were found to be larger—the eyeball was found to be “displaced” 1.4 mm superiorly and 2.4 mm laterally. Medians calculated across all 13 cadavers from this study and the above-mentioned recent report refine these measurements to 1.4 and 2.3 mm respectively. Globe projection values were identical to those observed for living individuals (c. 16 mm).     

Ancestry and BMI Influences on Facial Soft Tissue Depths for A Cohort of Chinese and Caucasoid Women in Dunedin,New Zealand

This study measured and assessed facial soft tissue depths (FSTDs) in adult female Chinese and New Zealand (NZ) Europeans (Caucasoids). Ultrasound was used to obtain depths at nine landmarks on 108 healthy subjects (51 Chinese, 57 NZ European), erect positioned, of same age group (18–29 years). Height and weight were also recorded. Statistical analysis focused on comparison of tissue depth between the two ancestry groups and the influence of Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m²). Results showed mean depth differences at Supra M2 and Infra M2 landmarks significantly greater for Chinese than Caucasoid women for all three BMI Classes (BMI <20, 20 ≤ BMI < 25, 25 ≤ BMI < 30), even BMI <20. For both groups BMI positively correlated with FSTD values at all landmarks except Labrale superius. This study enabled ancestry and BMI influence on FSTDs to be observed and compared for two distinct groups. Results add to knowledge about facial tissue depth variation.