当经济学遭遇性别--女性主义经济学的纲领与范畴

起源于20世纪90年代的女性主义经济学,是在后现代哲学思潮和新古典经济学内在缺陷的理论背景下产生的一个异端经济学流派.女性主义经济学对新古典经济学进行了拓展与修正,甚至颠覆.由于性别视角的采用,女性主义经济学具有批判性、政治性和人文性等与新古典经济学不同的新特征,并提出了与新古典经济学不同的理论框架和政策建议.女性主义经济学作为一个新生学派,存在着一定的局限性和继续发展的空间,但其对经济学研究方式的革新与批判应受到重视.     

中国现代女性散文的性别意识

中国现代女性散文是中国现代文学的重要组成部分,其中的不少作品因为重点探讨了两性关系的诸多问题而凸显出浓重的性别色彩和性别意识,具体表现为“性别自省意识”、“性别批判意识”和“性别平等意识”。这种鲜明的性别意识的文学表达,不但整体上拓展了中国现代文学的意义空间,更体现出现代女性散文写作别具一格、意义深远的价值追求。     

斯皮瓦克"属下"研究及其女性主义文学批评——基于性别和种族的双重视角

斯皮瓦克在其著名的"三位女性的文本以及对帝国主义的批判"论文中,从后殖民女性主义的立场重读文学经典,对三部西方女性小说文本进行后殖民批评和分析,并将"属下不能发言"的政治伦理运用到对文学文本的批判阅读之中。斯皮瓦克以性别和种族的双重视角,对西方白人女性文学文本进行后殖民解读和充满洞见的批评,对后殖民批评有着独特的贡献和重大意义,不仅拓展了女性主义文学批评空间,并且丰富和发展了后殖民批评理论。斯皮瓦克所倡导和践行的文学、文化批评的政治伦理观以及对帝国主义的批判,使她成为一位颇具影响和独树一帜的后殖民女性主义批评家。     

To settle for a gendered peace? Spaces for feminist grassroots mobilization in Northern Ireland and Bosnia-Herzegovina

This paper offers an examination of citizenship in the context of post-conflict transformation as an important scenario in which to investigate the possibilities for the inclusion of women and women’s demands in the transition to peace. Drawing on interview and ethnographic data collected in Northern Ireland and Bosnia-Herzegovina, the paper highlights a site of tension between the aspirations for transformation and inclusion set out internationally in UNSCR 1325 and the gender underpinnings of consociationalism that shape the broader political, social and cultural context of citizenship in these case studies. It illustrates that women and women’s claims are repeatedly side-lined in favour of matters that are deemed of more vital interest in the quest for ‘peace’, such as relations between ethno-national groups, security concerns and stability of institutions. Despite this damning failure, women and feminist activists continue to mobilise, as individuals and collectively, in order to make demands for social, political and cultural transformation. The paper argues that attending to these dynamics is crucial if we strive to transform the gender regimes underpinning war/peace and acknowledge women as agents in this process.     

对19世纪以来女权主义的反思--以恩格斯《英国工人阶级的状况》为中心

恩格斯在《英国工人阶级的状况》一书中描写了19世纪英国女工的生活状况,以通俗的语言、详细的调查和清晰的数据,将女性工人当时正在遭遇的身体蹂躏、精神压迫等生理和心理困境描述得淋漓尽致。无产阶级的运动时常与男女平等、妇女解放的呼吁相伴,但也只是女性意识得以觉醒、身体得以解放的开端。面对父权、资本与权力的博弈,女性自我启蒙,参与公共生活和争取平等权利,是以恩格斯为代表的社会主义理论创造者业已发现的社会和政治议题,也是女权主义思潮之下各类理论指导与社会运动等多种动力因素共同作用的结果。     

Forms of Difference in Sorcières

Abstract

Art practice and organizing occupied a significant but precarious place in the groups and networks that made up the Mouvement de libération des femmes (MLF) in France during the 1970s. This was reflected in the relatively small amount of space allocated to analyzing the relationships between visual production and feminist politics in the art press and activist publications alike. There was, however, one significant exception to this general rule: the journal Sorcières (1975–1982) which, although a predominantly literary initiative, regularly featured original contributions by contemporary women artists working in the context of the MLF, as well as reviews of exhibitions and statements by practitioners. Sorcières was particularly invested in exploring notions of women’s difference and alternative expression, notably through écriture féminine. Yet the publication did not adopt an exclusively essentialist position, or focus on embodiment to the outright dismissal of materialist concerns. This openness is especially apparent in the journal’s engagement with visual art, resulting partly from the key contribution made by members of the Collectif Femmes/Art. Visual production, this article contends, thus played a key role in the exploration of various forms of difference across the pages of Sorcières.     

Imagining Mary in Theology and Visual Culture: Between Constraint and Resistance

This contribution focuses on the Virgin Mary’s continued relevance as a polyvalent signifier that straddles the secular-religious divide. Interlacing feminist theology and visual studies, I trace Mary’s ambiguous significance between oppression and liberation, and between religious and secular realms in texts and images. The extended analysis of the contemporary transformation of the traditional motif of the Guadalupe in the digital collage Our Lady (1999) by Chicana artist Alma López shows that contemporary reimaginations of Mary as a self-confident woman at one with her body and sexuality both echo and reinforce tendencies in feminist theology. Combining religious and cultural dimensions, the work and reactions to it uncover the intricate ways in which religion has shaped and continues to shape cultural views of gender, both in terms of consolidating a binary, hierarchical gender order and providing a source of alternative visions.     

From Metaphor to Metamorph? On Science Fiction and the Ethics of Transformative Encounters

This article explores how the science-fictional figure of the metamorph can serve as a feminist figuration, a tool for rethinking structures for determining sameness and difference. The article offers close readings of selected metamorphs in contemporary science fiction and connects these imaginaries/imageries to recent feminist debates about representation, materiality, and agency. I suggest that contemporary metamorphs in visual science fiction open up space for a consideration of changeability and flexibility rather than fixity when issues of identity and ontology—of being in the world—are at stake. In light of the current political situation, where mass migration to Europe is foregrounding the fundamental differentiation between Self and Other, this article invites a discussion of the ethics at stake in the potentially transformative encounter between “us” and “them”, and the political potential of rethinking representation and signification through the figure of the metamorph.     

From Non-consensual Pornography to Image-based Sexual Abuse: Charting the Course of a Problem with Many Names

ABSTRACT

Every day, people’s most intimate moments are recorded, uploaded and circulated online without their consent. This gross invasion of privacy – commonly known as ‘revenge pornography’ – has become part of the scenery in cyberspace. But the name ‘revenge pornography’ fails to communicate the scope and severity of this harm. It is a victim blaming term that risks misdirecting government policy and misinforming the public. So, in order to mobilise against ‘revenge porn’, activists have begun renaming it. ‘Non-consensual pornography’, ‘image-based sexual abuse’, and ‘digital rape’ are just a few of their new coinages. This research seeks to understand how ‘revenge pornography’ is being renamed and reframed in different contexts. To do so, it draws on interviews with thirty activists, experts, and scholars from twelve countries and seven professions. The article begins by comparing their alternative terminologies, bringing to light points of similarity and difference. It then looks forward, identifying new developments in activists’ thought and action. Despite their different vocabularies, this research finds among respondents a shared understanding upon which they could build an enduring coalition.     

Disrupting (gendered) Islamophobia: the practice of feminist ijtihad to support the agency of young Muslim women

Muslim feminist scholars highlight, and seek to transform, racist, sexist and Islamophobic discourses through feminist interpretations of their religion. This paper reports on data gathered from an interview-based study involving four young Muslim women from the same Brisbane (Queensland) community. The focus is on how these young women are understanding, and finding spaces of agency, within these discourses with reference to their faith. The Islamic principle of ijtihad (jurisprudential interpretation of religious text) and the practice of feminist ijtihad are theorized as powerful tools in supporting the young women to counter the Islamophobia and gendered Islamophobia in their lives. Using these tools, however, as this paper argues, is not unproblematic and can reinscribe disempowering gender and ethno-cultural relations. Amid unprecedented gendered Islamophobia and the clear imperative of supporting Muslim women to access the tools of feminist ijtihad, the paper provides important insight into the possibilities and problematics of these tools.