作为知识社会学个案的我国“法律文化”研究

学界在谈论法律文化研究在我国兴起的原因之时,多将其归咎于国外法律文化研究的引入,这固然不错,但笔者以为,恐怕更深层次的原因还在于特定时代背景下的现实需求使然;法律文化研究在我国的出现,是基于特定“社会居所”的现实欲求和历史思索以及学术共同体内部渴望打破旧有研究格局的需要等多重诱因作用的结果,国外法律文化研究的传入,某种意义上仅仅是开放了法学界希望从更为广阔的角度来理解和解说法律实践的特定接受趋向,同时赋予国内的法律文化研究一种“学术合法性的追认”,并未产生太大实质性学术影响。     

宪政视野里的无产阶级政党宪定执政地位研究

无产阶级政党在现行宪法中的宪定执政地位是科学共产主义理论在社会主义宪政国家阶段具有历史唯物论意义的逻辑推论。这种执政的宪定地位是实现向共产主义高级阶段跨越的保证。中国社会主义实践历程揭示了在社会主义阶段必须将社会主义的国家建构成社会主义的法治国家,宪政国家理念与社会主义才能真正实现在宪法框架下的统一。社会主义宪政体制的内涵发展与时代发展的客观现状决定了共产党执政地位的正当性与合法性必须重新解读。其正当性与合法性在于其社会主义宪政国家建设过程中的先进性。     

When random assignment fails: Some lessons from the Minneapolis Spouse Abuse Experiment

In this paper, we consider what may be done when researchers anticipate that in the implementation of field experiments, random assignment to experimental and control groups is likely to be flawed. We then reanalyze data from the Minneapolis Spouse Abuse Experiment in a manner that explicitly models violations of random assignment. As anticipated, we find far larger treatment effects than previously reported. The techniques developed should be useful in a wide variety of settings when random assignment is implemented imperfectly.     

吉林省证券期货领域犯罪特点及打防对策

吉林省证券期货领域犯罪,通过操纵证券期货交易的价格、连续交易、联手洗售、互相委托、虚买虚卖等一系列的欺诈手段,挪用客户资金,危害广大投资者的合法权益。吉林通海高科技股份公司为达到上市目的,申报材料中虚增主营业务利润5.5亿元,获得证监会批准后,募集资金16.88亿元,诈骗资金触目惊心。分析查找吉林省证券期货领域犯罪的原因,总结犯罪的基本特点和规律,研究打击防范证券期货领域犯罪的问题,已成为公安机关经侦部门的一项重要课题。     

第三法域之"三农问题"论纲

"三农问题"首先是一个政治问题,但从法治社会角度而言,"三农问题"同时是一个法律问题,而且是一个社会法问题.私法仅就农民利益问题寻求救济,而国家行为对市民社会亦难以作为,故"三农问题"由于牵涉到社会整体利益,应归于第三法域--社会法调整范畴.以社会法视角,可从降低农业人口、农村城市化和农民教育三方面,审视我国当前"三农问题".     

人权公约与生命权的刑法保护的比较研究

生命权是国际社会公认的基本人权。珍爱生命、保护生命权日益成为联合国国际人权公约和国际社会所致力追求的目标。刑法作为一国法律体系的重要组成部分,由于其保护法益的广泛性、重要性及其对违法行为制裁的严厉性,使得刑法对公民生命权的保护较之其他部门法而言更具举足轻重的意义。但就刑法对生命权的保护方式而言,中外刑法则主要通过对杀人罪的规定与限制和废除死刑两种"相对"的———或称"因果"的方式而完成的。从《公民权利与政治权利国际公约》的角度,就我国刑法对生命权的保护及其立法完善进行探讨,能使现行刑法较好较早地与国际人权公约接轨。     

Negotiating climate legislation: Policy path dependence and coalition stabilization

This article investigates the nature of policy path dependence through analysis of climate policy formation in the United States. In 2008 the US Congress attempted to pass the Lieberman–Warner bill, a comprehensive climate and energy package that would have capped greenhouse emissions and established a nationwide cap and trade program. In the same year, California successfully enacted the Global Warming Solutions Act. This article explores the circumstances of both cases and raises the question of why legislation at the state level was successful and took such a divergent form from legislation at the federal level. The divergence of these cases is used to highlight the nature of coalition formation and policy path dependence in the legislative process. Explanations of policy tend to gravitate toward either the generalizability of game theoretic approaches or the empirical depth of case studies. This article suggests a combined approach that uses case studies to analyze the positions and motivations of actors and to then model policy development over time. The approach examines policy through the formation and negotiation of policy coalitions. Drawing on the Advocacy Coalition Framework and omnibus analysis, the approach expands these coalition theories first by analysing legislative development at the interface of legislators and constituent interest groups, and second by adding temporal dimension to the analysis. The findings suggest that policy is path dependent in that it is negotiated between coalitions that in turn create stability in the policy process and insulate policy fields from external shocks. Policy path dependence suggests that theory alone is insufficient to predict policy outcomes; policy results depend strongly on prior policy efforts, historically and socially contingent coalitions, and the resulting framing of policy possibilities.     

正常视野与实验性暗区的多焦视诱发电位特征分析

目的分析正常眼不同视野区域的mfVEP波形特征及实验性暗区对结果的影响,探讨mfVEP用于客观评定视野的可行性。方法以正常青年男性51眼为实验对象,应用四通道mfVEP记录系统进行mfVEP检测,30眼行实验性暗区测试。统计组合反应波振幅、峰时及振幅密度的均数、标准差。组问比较采用单因素方差分析,不同刺激野遮盖前、后mfVEP振幅比较采用配对t检验。结果正常眼mfVEP各位点均能引出较明确的VEP波：其中鼻下、颞下象限组合反应波振幅密度（8．68±3．67、7．84±3．32nV／deg2）较鼻上、颞上象限（5．55±2,22、5．08±1．85nV／deg2）大;反应波从黄斑中心凹向周边逐渐降低（240．36±96．60nV／deg2-1．83±O．73nV／deg2）。遮盖颞下象限及外周3个环刺激野造成形成实验性暗区时,对应区域mfVEP组合反应波多数呈熄灭型（70％及80％）;而遮盖鼻下方某两个位点时,对应区域波振幅显著降低（P〈0．05）。结论mfVEP能较准确、客观反映视野不同区域的视功能差异,有望成为法医学客观视野检测手段。     

Journeys to the limits of first-hand knowledge: politicians’ on-site visits in zones of conflict and intervention

ABSTRACT

This article explores the practice and political significance of politicians’ journeys to conflict zones. It focuses on the German example, looking at field trips to theatres of international intervention as a way of first-hand knowledge in policymaking. Paying tribute to Lisa Smirl and her work on humanitarian spaces, objects and imaginaries and on liminality in aid worker biographies, two connected arguments are developed. First, through the exploration of the routinized practices of politicians’ field trips the article shows how these journeys not only remain confined to the ‘auxiliary space’ of aid/intervention, but that it is furthermore a staged reality of this auxiliary space that most politicians experience on their journeys. The question is then asked, second, what politicians actually experience on their journeys and how their experiences relate to their policy knowledge about conflict and intervention. It is shown that political field trips enable sensory/affectual, liminoid and liminal experiences, which have functions such as authority accumulation, agenda setting, community building, and civilizing domestic politics, while at the same time reinforcing, in most cases, pre-existing conflict and intervention imaginaries.     

A 2‐Year Study of Δ 9‐tetrahydrocannabinol Concentrations in Drivers: Examining Driving and Field Sobriety Test Performance,,

From November 1, 2010 through November 30, 2012, 1204 whole‐blood samples were confirmed to contain THC alone or in combination with other drugs out of nearly 5000 Orange County, California, drivers suspected of driving under the influence of drugs. The goal of this study was to examine police reports and drug recognition expert evaluations of THC‐positive samples within this 2‐year time frame to determine whether there is a correlation between whole‐blood THC concentrations and field sobriety tests performance on DRE and non‐DRE evaluations. The FSTs prove to be sensitive to impairment by marijuana although as suspected, the findings of this study did not find a correlation between performance on field sobriety tests and the concentration of THC tested in whole‐blood samples. Driving behaviors were also examined and found to be similar to those seen in alcohol impairment. Future studies examining DRE findings are needed to confirm the results.