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171.
具有不同主体身份的共同犯罪人非法占有公共财产,如何定性处罚,刑法学界长期以来对此问题争论不休,存在分别定罪说、主犯决定说、实行犯决定说、贪污共犯特别规定说及区别对待说等诸多理论观点,至今难有定论。实务部门可遵循的立法和司法解释又存在适用上的歧义。为此,应当以部分犯罪共同说为理论基础,针对不同主体身份的共同犯罪人非法占有公共财产的犯罪定性,确立一个明确而又易于实践操作的判定依据。 相似文献
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医疗事故鉴定相关问题分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
"医疗过失鉴定"概念应当取代"医疗事故鉴定结论"概念。医疗纠纷诉讼中的医疗鉴定机构应当统一为医学会。分析论证我国的医疗鉴定结论证明能力与证明力,结合我国实际提出了相关的立法完善建议。 相似文献
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K.E. Creer 《Forensic science international》1984,24(4):263-272
The scientific examination of cameras, negatives and photographic prints can provide valuable evidence. The methods used and examples of their value in criminal cases are given. The background and experience necessary to carry out this work is discussed. 相似文献
177.
Worley CG Wiltshire SS Miller TC Havrilla GJ Majidi V 《Journal of forensic sciences》2006,51(1):57-63
Using micro-X-ray fluorescence (MXRF), a novel means of detecting fingerprints was examined in which the prints were imaged based on their elemental composition. MXRF is a nondestructive technique. Although this method requires a priori knowledge about the approximate location of a print, it offers a new and complementary means for detecting fingerprints that are also left pristine for further analysis (including potential DNA extraction) or archiving purposes. Sebaceous fingerprints and those made after perspiring were detected based on elements such as potassium and chlorine present in the print residue. Unique prints were also detected including those containing lotion, saliva, banana, or sunscreen. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential for visualizing fingerprints by MXRF on surfaces that can be problematic using current methods. 相似文献
178.
In the last decade, computer-based systems for the comparison of microscopic firearms evidence have been the subject of considerable research work because of their expected capability of supporting the firearms examiner through the automated analysis of large amounts of evidence. The Integrated Ballistics Identification System, which is based on a two-dimensional representation of the specimen surface, has been widely adopted in forensic laboratories worldwide. More recently, some attempts to develop systems based on three-dimensional (3D) representations of the specimen surface have been made, both in the literature and as industrial products, such as BulletTRAX-3D, but fundamental limitations in achieving fully automated identification remain. This work analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of a 3D-based approach by proposing an approach and a prototype system for firearms evidence comparison that is based on the acquisition and analysis of the 3D surface topography of specimens, with particular reference to cartridge cases. The concept of 3D virtual comparison microscope is introduced, whose purpose is not to provide fully automated identification, but to show how the availability of 3D shape information can provide a whole new set of verification means, some of them being described and discussed in this work, specifically, visual enhancement tools and quantitative measurement of shape properties, for supporting, not replacing, the firearm examiner in reaching the final decision. 相似文献
179.
Positive identification relies on comparison of antemortem and postmortem data. Some identifications are based on morphological features such as fracture, pathological condition, and surgical hardware, despite little literature indicating the frequencies of such traits. This study examines whether such features are sufficiently rare as to be deemed individualizing. Data were collected on two modern North American skeletal collections (N=482 individuals). Presence/absence of features was scored by skeletal element and side. Results indicate that frequencies vary by geographic region (higher frequency of fractures and pathological conditions in New Mexico while individuals in Tennessee were more likely to have surgical interventions), many features such as fractures are remarkably common and that even suites of traits may not be individualizing. Caution is warranted when using written data rather than radiographic comparisons as the primary source of identification. The implications of these findings to missing person databases are also discussed. 相似文献
180.