紫外光谱成像技术显现潜在油汗混合指印的初步探索

目的研究运用紫外光谱成像技术显现潜在油汗混合指印的可行性和方法。方法使用紫外光谱成像仪获取典型潜在油汗混合指印的光谱影像数据资料,比较不同数据处理软件的分析结果。结果紫外光谱成像技术具有显现潜在油汗指印的能力。结论紫外光谱成像技术能够成功显现非渗透性客体表面潜在油汗混合指印。     

婚约制度的构建研究

法律对婚约之效力、诉讼主体的确认、彩礼归属、损害赔偿、责任承担等诸多具体问题的规定几乎空白,成为司法机关无力解决的一系列难题,往往出现同案不同判的严重现象,且当事人的合法权益也得不到保障。借鉴大陆法系国家和地区的立法经验,构建符合我国实际的婚约制度将对填补我国婚约立法,指导司法实践具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。     

基于BP神经网络的高校院系科研绩效评价模型

本文在分析当前各种高校院系的科研绩效评价指标体系的基础上．针对目前各种评价指标多、定量难、人为干扰因素多等问题,采用主成分法从大量评价因素中筛选出绩效评估的主要因素,即在保留评价信息的前提下对数据进行有效降维。并通过BP神经网络的自学习功能计算出高校院系的科研绩效。该模型能较为科学地评估高校院系科研团队的科研成效、核心竞争力及研究潜力,为高校科研管理提供一种新方法。     

塞林文化冲突理论的分析与适用——以广州城中村农民工犯罪为视角

文化冲突论是美国著名犯罪学家塞林最具代表性之学术贡献,而广州市城中村外来农民工犯罪现象则为塞林文化冲突理论的分析与适用提供了一个极好的研究样本。拓展眼光,坚持运用多种视角整合性观测评价犯罪原因,将有助于使犯罪学理论达致即深刻又全面的理想性综合发展形态。     

论侵权责任法草案二次审议稿的侵权行为一般条款

《侵权责任法》如何规定侵权行为一般条款,是极为重要的问题。我国《侵权责任法草案》对此曾经做了不同的规定,至二次审议稿提出了一个较为独特的文本,即第2条"侵害民事权益,应当承担侵权责任。"这个与众不同的侵权行为一般条款,实际上采纳的是最新的侵权行为一般条款的立法模式,但存在一些缺点。在作出改进后,可以作为具有中国特色的侵权责任法的核心条款,起到统帅全文的作用。     

刍议大学生科研能力培养与综合素质的提高

大学生参加科研实践是培养高素质、高质量人才的重要手段和有效途径,其作用和意义在高等教育阶段应得到充分认识和重视。本文着重从学习能力的增强、创新能力的培养和综合素养的全面提升三个方面,探讨大学生科研能力培养对提高大学生综合素质的重要作用。     

Cross-national differences in female offending and criminal justice processing

The purpose of this study is to assess whether four key theoretical perspectives on female criminality—emancipation, economic marginalisation, net-widening, and modernisation—explain female representation in the criminal justice system equally well for both developed and developing countries and to assess whether the same factors that can explain women’s levels of criminal offending can also explain their representation in subsequent stages of criminal justice processing. Analyzing pooled data for 37 highly developed and 38 less developed countries from 2003 to 2013, the results provide support for modernisation, emancipation, and net-widening theories, but not for economic marginalisation theory. Emancipation and net-widening theories have more explanatory power for more developed countries than less and they can explain women’s representation at different levels of criminal justice processing.     

Fluorescence of 1,2‐Indanedione with Amino Acids Present in the Fingerprint Residue: Application in Gender Determination

1,2‐indanedione is used for latent fingerprint visualization on porous surfaces. In this paper, fluorescence spectra of 1,2‐indanedione after reacting with 21 individual amino acids present in latent fingerprints residue were measured in water‐methanol solutions. The fluorescence intensity depends on the amino acid used, while the fluorescence peak does not change much. The concentration of amino acids in fingerprint residue in females is almost the double of their concentration in males. This property combined with fluorescence of 1,2‐indanedione‐amino acids compounds is used for gender determination, by comparing the fluorescence intensity peaks in the same experimental conditions. In this preliminary study, the fluorescence signal from the samples representing females was almost two times the signal for samples representing males. In addition to the reduction by almost 50% of the number of suspects in a criminal research case, these results could be helpful in gaining some knowledge about the papillary residue composition.     

Police use of body worn cameras

This article gives an overview of police use of body-worn cameras (BWCs). In doing so it explores the widespread adoption of BWC technology around the world and shows how different jurisdictions are adopting the cameras for a variety of uses. Next, the review examines the empirical research of BWCs and assesses the perceived benefits and concerns of the technology. The article then examines a case study of police use of BWCs in Canada. Politicians and civil rights groups have called on police in Canada to adopt BWCs to improve accountability, but little movement has been made in this direction. The article identifies several reasons why police have been slow to adopt the technology in Canada despite public demand and the widespread deployment of the technology elsewhere. It concludes with suggestions for areas of future research.