《大学》的义理性格

经过多方求证,可以认定《大学》的单独成书是在南宋孝宗年间。通过对《大学》义理的纲要即“三纲领”和“八条目”的内涵分析,“格物”是成就工夫的起点。对“格物”,不同时期和不同儒者有不同的理解,但体现出一个发展的方向。     

坚持理论创新，打造平安辽宁——写在2004年“盼盼杯”大奖赛之后

全省政法系统以执法、司法人员为主体,以邓小平民主与法制思想研究为主旨的优秀理论研究成果大奖赛活动,已成功举办了七届,年年有新意.2004年的"盼盼杯"大奖赛坚持与时俱进的理论创新精神,紧紧围绕振兴辽宁老工业基地这个主旋律,积极为打造公平高效的法治环境建言献策.     

我国特大城市政府管理体制创新的对策研究

特大城市在我国对外开放和区域经济社会发展中扮演着举足轻重的角色,应在创新政府管理体制方面发挥先导和示范作用,为提升中国政府的整体管理水平和能力,构建社会主义和谐社会作出应有的贡献。本文以我国特大城市政府管理体制创新为研究视角,选取上海这个我国沿海最大的开放城市、经济增长最快的地区之一作为研究对象,从贯彻科学发展观的要求,树立“以人为本”的政府管理理念;加快政府职能转变,优化政府职能配置;推进政府管理方式创新,提高服务质量和行政效率;深化行政审批制度改革,规范审批行为和权力;完善依法行政体系,提高依法行政水平和能力;继续深化政府机构改革,调整机构设置和理顺部门职能分工等六个方面提出特大城市政府管理体制创新的若干对策和建议。     

总体国家安全观视域下的国家安全学理论研究十年回眸

中国学界对国家安全学理论的研究可以追溯到20世纪90年代。2014年总体国家安全观提出以后,国家安全学理论研究有了根本遵循,标志着国家安全学理论研究进入新时代。2024年,在总体国家安全观提出十周年之际,中国学界对国家安全学理论的研究,形成了以总体国家安全观研究为先导、加快国家安全学及其学科理论研究和推进中国本土化国家安全学自主理论体系探究的新格局。总体国家安全观内涵不断丰富和深化,国家安全学研究对象和学科定位日益清晰明确,国家安全学理论本土化进一步彰显,国家安全学理论构建日趋完善,国家安全学一级学科建设稳步推进。虽然国家安全学一级学科建设起步较晚,国家安全学理论研究存在一些短板,但当今世界之变、时代之变和历史之变的步伐逐渐加快,中国面临的安全挑战前所未有,需要国家安全学理论研究有所作为,作出应有的历史贡献。为此,中国学界需要做“深”国家安全学基础理论研究,拓展国家安全学理论研究的厚度和深度;做“专”领域国家安全学理论研究,强化国家安全学理论研究的广度;做“强”工具国家安全学理论研究,凸显国家安全学理论研究的实效性。     

改革开放以来工会调研工作回顾与前瞻

着眼改革开放以来党和国家事业、工人运动和工会工作不同阶段,运用翔实史料全面客观反映工会调研工作的发展变化,对进一步推进工会理论与实践的创新发展具有重要意义。本文以工会调研工作为研究对象,结合改革开放时代背景,按照不同的历史阶段,以党和国家重大事件、工会重点工作为主线,对中国工会九大以来工会调研工作的发展历程、主要成效、经验特点和问题不足进行了梳理,并立足新形势新任务,对加强和改进工会调研工作进行了展望,提出了总体要求和重点任务。     

言语识别技术发展概述

本文着重综述并探讨了文件检验技术的重要组成部分——言语识别技术的学科发展历程、近30年学术成果现状、存在问题以及未来的发展思考.     

The Coming Age of China’s Mental Health Social Work and Practical Research Agendas

As six Departments of the National Health and Family Planning Commission enacted ‘The Notification of Implementing the Pilot Work on the Integrated Management of Mental Health’(National CDC，2015，No.57) in April 2015, that year has been seen as the first year of the coming of social work on mental health as well as the milestone of epoch-making and historical significance, marking that Chinese people need structural transformation and the development of health care system toward modernity. Mental health has become a national, universal and highest level of health needs. For the four decades since the reform and opening up, China has made remarkable achievements of policies and regulations on mental health, initially forming the system and framework of mental health policies and regulations with Chinese characteristics. However, social workers still stay in a “marginalized” position and cannot give their due profession to full play. The article first provides a succinct outline of the scope, contents and priorities of the framework and system with regard to mental health social work practices. Then the focus is to build China’s social work practical research agendas of mental health, to draw up a “list of practical research issues”of China’s social work on mental health, to designate the direction for future development of social work of mental health and to lay the foundation of social work for the full realization of the magnificent goal of the Healthy China and well-off society.     

Psychotropic Medications for Youth in Child Welfare: Developing and Pilot-Testing A Field Guide for Team Decision-Making

High rates of children involved with the child welfare system are prescribed psychotropics. In response, federal legislation has mandated state child welfare agencies to develop policies to improve the coordination and oversight around the use of psychotropics. This project aimed to support such policies by developing and pilot-testing a field guide for team discussions and decision-making related to the use of psychotropics among youth in child welfare. We used a community-based participatory research (CBPR) framework to engage a team of local stakeholders, including former youth in foster care and parents, in the research. We developed a field guide to facilitate team discussions and decisions around the individual needs and preferences of youth and families, and we pilot-tested the field guide with child welfare staff, parents, and care team members in seven team meetings. Parents and care team members, in particular, highly valued the guide and found it useful to increase knowledge and improve practices such as side effect monitoring and information sharing. Child welfare responses were more mixed, and some reported feeling burdened by the additional tasks. More work is needed to integrate the guide into routine child welfare practice and reduce burden on staff.     

Are ethics promulgations self-defeating?

Alan Wertheimer argues that promulgating some ethical standards of international clinical research may be self-defeating: the intended purpose of these standards is to promote the interests of subjects and communities in LMICs, while the outcome of promulgation could be to undermine these very same interests. If enforced, such standards would increase the costs of performing beneficial research in LMICs, potentially diverting opportunities to participate in this research away from those who have no other access to the care participation allows. I argue that these standards are really intended as deontological constraints protecting subjects from being exploited by research sponsors. First, I show that Wertheimer begs the question against this deontological interpretation of ethics promulgations, rejecting it on non-deontological grounds. I go on to show that non-exploitation is an important goal on its own, sometimes independent from—and sometimes even outweighing—the goal of promoting the interests of subjects and communities in LMICs. I conclude by suggesting that those who criticize the promulgation of non-exploitation on the grounds that exploitative practices help those badly off might do best to reconsider the background assumption that sponsors in wealthier countries have no pre-existing obligation to promote the interests of the world''s poor.     

Evaluation of Four Fingerprint Development Methods for Touch Chemistry Using Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization/Time‐of‐Flight Mass Spectrometry,

Four preparation techniques for MALDI/TOF mass spectrometry were compared to determine the ability to gather intelligence for investigations through the chemical analysis of latent fingerprints, defined as “touch chemistry.” Compatible fingerprint development processes used for identification along with new techniques are necessary to evaluate touch chemistry. Ten volunteers deposited fingerprints from solvent residues containing drugs and explosives onto microscope slides. The developers included (A) fingerprint powder, (B) MALDI matrix, (C) fingerprint powder and lifting, and (D) cyanoacrylate fuming with fingerprint powder. Qualitative identification was based on ion images and spectra. The highest average detection rates (88%) were found using methods A and B. Methods C (52%) or D (18%) had limited success. Results demonstrate the importance of imaging coupled to extracted mass spectral data in detecting analytes in deposited fingerprints. Overall, the results suggest continued development of touch chemistry applications could prove useful for gathering intelligence and forensically relevant information.