有效利用传媒 发挥其提高公民消防安全素质的潜力

消防工作既是党和国家总体布局和全面建设小康社会、构建和谐社会综合目标的一个重要分支,又是保障和促进经济社会发展不可或缺的必要条件,是一项惠及广大人民群众的公益事业。公民的消防安全素质既是公民综合素质的重要组成部分,又是衡量现代公民整体素质的重要内容,而公民素质又是决定国家竞争力的重要基础。因此,消防知识的深入人心,消防意识和消防素质的培养,必须依赖大众传播媒介的参与,从而利用媒体进行深入、细致、广泛的消防宣传活动,在社会上形成一种强大的舆论氛围,使消防观念深入人心,公民消防素养也会在潜移默化中得以提升。     

对公安消防部队实施党委双重领导的思考

要紧紧围绕部队现代化建设这个中心，抵御因市场经济、都市化和信息化迅速发展给官兵带来的负面影响，确保部队建设的正确方向，将对官兵的行政管理同对官兵的心情管理巧妙地结合起来，注意考察官兵从能力的提高到部队履行职责的能力的提高的转化过程中的和谐效率以及形成整体合力的绩效，要建立上级与下级之间的高效的信息交流与沟通机制，善于运用“合法预期”督促机关积极地对基层进行行政指导，还要对部队的行政理论进行反思，加快理论创新和重构的步伐，提高机关行政部门行政公文的实践效率。     

The bazaar in ruins: rent and fire in Barakholka,Almaty

ABSTRACT

Since 2013, there have been multiple fires in bazaars in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Most of these fires have occurred in Barakholka, the largest bazaar in Central Asia, known for wholesaling in apparel, shoes and low-quality household and office supplies. Ownership of Barakholka is opaque. Using recurrent Barakholka fires as my point of departure, this article contributes to scholarship by describing how the clearing of old bazaars is followed by new property developments and the imposition of new rent regimes. In doing so, I argue that fire – a form of ruination that not only destroys property but also severs networks and people's relationship to a place – is illustrative of how the bazaar, as a new institution within an emerging post-Soviet market economy, was moulded by private interests, and repeated, often ruinous assertions of control over property. I also argue that this process was embedded in a larger political economy that sought to ‘civilize’ the earlier marketplaces. This article is based on ethnographic interviews and repeated visits to the Barakhola between 2016 and 2018, and media accounts of the fires.     

Review of analytical techniques for arson residues

Arson is a serious crime that affects society through cost, property damage, and loss of life. It is important that the methods and technologies applied by fire investigators in detection of evidence and subsequent analyses have a high degree of reliability, sensitivity, and be subject to rigorous quality control and assurance. There have been considerable advances in the field of arson investigation since the 1950s. Classification of ignitable liquids has been updated to include many new categories due to developments in the petroleum industry. Techniques such as steam or vacuum distillation and gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detection that may have been considered acceptable--even a benchmark--40 years ago, are nowadays generally disfavored, to the extent that their implementation may almost be considered as ignorance in the field. The advent of readily available mass spectrometric techniques has revolutionized the field of fire debris analysis, increasing the degree of sensitivity and discrimination possible considerably. Multi-dimensional GC--particularly GC x GC--while not yet widely applied, is rapidly gaining recognition as an important technique. This comprehensive review focuses on techniques and practices used in fire investigation, from scene investigation to analysis.     

防火墙技术发展展望

本文分析了传统防火墙技术的不足,探讨了新一代防火墙需要具备的防攻击技术、防扫描技术、防欺骗技术、入侵防御技术、包擦洗和协议正常化技术、AAA 技术等。     

空间碎片的若干法律问题研究

空间碎片是散布在近地轨道和同步轨道上的非功能性人造物体包括其碎片和零件的总称.随着对空间碎片的了解的加深,相关的法律问题也应加以探讨.对空间碎片的概念、特征进行研究,探讨空间碎片与空间物体的关系,对空间碎片的损害赔偿提出见解.     

Self-immolation Suicide in Greece: A Forensic Psychiatric Autopsy Study between 2011 and 2019

Self-immolation is a rare suicide method in the developed countries of the western world (0.06–1%); however, it has relatively higher prevalence rates in the developing countries of Asia and Africa (6–57%). The present study aims to examine self-immolation suicides within the Greek mainland (Attiki, Thrace, and Peloponnese) over a period of 9 years (2011–2019) in order to investigate the phenomenon in the Greek population forensically, identify the characteristics and motivations of suicide victims, explore its associations to socio-cultural or psychiatric factors, and describe a fatal case of suicide by self-immolation that was partially recorded on camera. The medical files (autopsy reports) of cases performed at the Departments of Forensic Medicine of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Democritus University of Thrace, and the Forensic Service of Messinia—Peloponnese were retrospectively examined yielding 19 cases of suicides by self-immolation. A 3.7% prevalence of suicide by self-immolation among suicide fatalities within the Greek population was estimated. A distinctive feature of the Greek population regarding self-immolation was disclosed that it is being practiced predominantly by the elderly (mean age 2–3.5 decades higher than other countries). The phenomenon correlated strongly with poorly controlled mental disorders (mostly affective and adjustment disorders). Unlike other countries, there was no significant association with domestic or sexual violence, social or political protest, or religious issues. Therefore, the suicide victims preferred secluded or private outdoor locations (not public). Findings deriving from the examined variables localize Greek population culturally between the Western European and Asian African countries, but with its own idiosyncrasies.     

The Use of Liquid Latex to Recover Latent Fingerprints that are Covered in Debris from Exterior Glass Surfaces of Vehicles

The purpose of this research is to determine if latent fingerprints deposited on the exterior glass surfaces of vehicles, then covered in debris, can be recovered. Past research used liquid latex to lift soot to recover trace evidence. Recently, liquid latex has been used to recover latent fingerprints along the bottom of vehicles. In this study, a total of 216 latent fingerprints were deposited on the exterior windows of three vehicles. Three control and three experimental latent fingerprints were placed on each side window. The vehicles collected debris for either 2, 3, or 4 weeks. After debris collection, liquid latex was applied to the experimental sections. The underlying fingerprints were developed with white granular powder. Control fingerprints were developed directly with white granular powder. A chi-square test revealed a significant difference in fingerprint recovery between the control and liquid latex method (X² = 9.026, d.f. = 1, p = 0.003). An odds ratio determined that the control method increases the probability of latent fingerprint recovery by 2.68. Fisher's exact test indicated that there is no statistically significant difference between the detail of the recovered control and experimental fingerprints (p = 0.065). This study demonstrates that recovery of fingerprints is possible using the liquid latex method; however, the control method recovers more fingerprints on the glass exterior of vehicles. If latent fingerprints are thought to be present on the exterior glass surfaces of vehicles, the control method should be used to improve vehicle processing by investigators.     

霰弹弹杯所致损伤及其应用价值

本文17例制式霰弹猎枪射入口和创道的病理形态学，通过结合射击实验获得了较为一致的结果。初步认为，商品霰弹中的塑料弹杯所造成射入口创缘或创周损伤的形态变化与射击距离密切相关，在法医学鉴定中具有一定的应用价值。     

论如何加强民营小型化工企业的消防安全

化工企业生产规模不断扩大,生产中所涉及的物质中可燃有机物所占的份额不断增大,而且生产本身又具有生产方法多种多样、装置规模大型化和生产工艺高参数的特点,这些因素决定了化工企业具有较大的火灾危险性。本文针对化工企业火灾的特点、成因,对化工企业火灾防治进行了研究,分析了化工企业中存在的火灾危险及薄弱环节,结合实际情况提出了相应的预防措施。结果表明有效的火灾预防措施能最大限度地减少发生火灾爆炸事故的机率。因此,及时有效地对化工企业中存在的潜在危险做好预防措施是十分必要的。