Combined Collection and Analysis of Inorganic and Organic Gunshot Residues

Gunshot residue (GSR) analysis and their interpretation provide crucial information on a criminal investigation involving the use of firearms. To date, several approaches have been proposed for the implementation of a combined sampling and analysis of inorganic (IGSR) and organic GSR (OGSR). However, it is not clear at this stage if concurrent analyses of both types of residue might be detrimental to the analysis of IGSR currently applied in forensic laboratories. Thus, this work aims to compare and evaluate three different protocols for the combined collection and analysis of IGSR and OGSR. These methods, respectively, involve the use of a modified stub (with two halves, one for the detection of IGSR and the other for the analysis of OGSR); the sequential recovery of GSR with two stubs mounted with different adhesives (double-sided carbon tape and Tesa® TACK) and the sequential analysis of IGSR and OGSR from a single carbon stub following carbon deposition. The detection of IGSR was carried out using SEM-EDX, while OGSR analysis was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Obtained results for experiments performed using Geco Sinoxid^® ammunition indicated that sequential analysis was the most suitable protocol for the combined collection and analysis of both IGSR and OGSR. A higher number of inorganic (characteristic and consistent) particles and higher concentrations of ethylcentralite, N-nitrosodiphenylamine, diphenylamine, and nitroglycerin were recovered with this method.     

过劳相关案件的法律分析 —— 以中国裁判文书网相关案例为对象

本文通过因过劳致病、致死相关案件的检索与溯源,基于基本信息的统计结果对案件案由、性质、受害人情况、法院判决等进行的实证研究,发现劳动者难以证明过度劳动与死亡之间的因果关系,以及工伤认定受到"48小时内"死亡的约束,是民法和行政法对过劳的认定标准和法律救济面对的困境。建议尽快完成对过劳认定的医学支撑、明确立法价值取向、进一步完善相关法律规定。     

区分随意殴打型寻衅滋事罪与故意伤害罪之司法困境与出路

故意伤害与随意殴打型寻衅滋事的区分，根据现有理论，难以有效指导司法实践，本文通过分析随意殴打型寻衅滋事罪认定的困境主要在于司法解释对该种类型寻衅滋事罪的规定过于笼统和模糊，从而保护的法益、客观行为和主要要素三个方面分析产生这种困境的深层次原因，最后提出解决困境的路径，即跳出过分强调二者区别的思维定式。以二者所保护的法益为指导，运用想象竞合犯的理论进行执法判断。     

农民工工伤维权中完善立法之思考

农民工这一特定时期的特定群体与具有城市户口的工人在劳动保障、医疗保障等社会保障方面存在着极大差别,由于他们与用人单位很少签订劳动合同,导致其人身、财产权益侵害,寻求司法救济时困难重重,因此就农民工工伤维权中存在的诸多问题进行分析,从而提出完善立法,从制度上切实保障这一弱势群体的合法权益。     

论非工伤侵权基本医疗保险先行支付问题

我国《社会保险法》第30条第2款规定了先行支付制度,由于当前的规定不够细致,在实际运用中出现了一些问题。先行支付,应在把握保障参保人基本利益的原则、补偿性原则和追偿原则的前提下,从申请、审核与支付、追偿三个环节来完善。     

“老工伤”问题的法律探讨

针对“老工伤”问题，我国已先后出台一系列法律文件与政策规定，但由于其法律位阶过低，缺乏法律责任条款，执行起来较为随意，因而使此问题难以得到彻底解决。建议法律进一步具体明确两个当仁不让的责任主体：一为用工单位，二为政府。     

电流损伤的病理生理学及发生机制研究的新进展

探讨电流损伤的发生机制及病理生理学改变,阐述电流的热效应与非热效应引起机体各器官病理学和病理生理学变化,揭示非热效应的选择性决定了远离触电点的脏器损伤,而临床上和法医实践中见到的损伤则是二者共同作用的结果,这给临床清创带来困难,法医学实践中无电流斑的死因推断也无从下手,由此阐明电流损伤的病理生理学和发生机制是非常重要的。     

120例闭合性颅脑损伤的临床诊断与法医鉴定的结论差异分析

有关闭合性颅脑损伤的临床诊断与法医鉴定的结论往往存在着差异,在脑震荡和脑损伤后综合症诊断上,这种差异尤为突出。差异的形成主要缘于临床诊断:临床医生过分依赖主诉;自信、草率、违反医理;对病人辅助检查不够;易受社会和人为因素干扰。