关于加强和创新重点人口管理工作的思考

重点人口管理是公安机关预防、发现和打击犯罪,服务现实斗争的一项重要的基础性业务工作。随着市场经济的发展,原有的人口管理模式已很难适应新形势、新任务的需要,重点人口管理工作中的薄弱环节和新的问题也逐渐暴露出来。加强重点人口管理,必须提高管理意识,强化动态管理,完善管理机制,严密管理制度,耐心做好安置帮教工作。各部门、各警种应协调配合,以形成合力。     

论改革开放后我国流动人口犯罪的特征及防范对策

流动人口犯罪是人口大规模流动产生的负面效应,它不仅是社会治安问题,还与社会政治、经济生活有着密切的关系。因此,只有在各级党政领导的高度重视下,真正做到政府牵头,公安为主,部门参与,齐抓共管,综合治理,采取行之有效的防范措施,才能预防和控制流动人口的犯罪,达到对流动人口的合理化、规范化管理,才能更进一步地促进社会政治安定、经济快速发展。     

Sexual Dimorphism in Ulna: An Osteometric Study from India

Determination of sex constitutes the most important element during the identification process of human skeletal remains. Several sex‐specific features of human skeleton have been exploited for sex determination with varying reliability. This study aims to obtain sexual dimorphic standards for ulnae of the north Indian population. Eight measurements were obtained on a sample of 106 ulnae (males‐80, females‐26) in the age range of 25–65 years. The sexual dimorphism index and demarking points were calculated for all the variables. The data were then subjected to stepwise and direct discriminant function analysis. The best discriminator of sex was the maximum length (84.9%) followed by radial notch width (84%). In stepwise analysis, these two variables were selected and provided an accuracy of 88.7% (M‐87.5%, F‐92.3%). The proximal end provided a classification rate of 81.1% (M‐80%, F‐84.6%) with selection of the notch length and olecranon width.     

The French population censuses: Purposes and uses during the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries

From the mid-17th until the beginning of the 20th century, French censuses became increasingly more frequent and organized. This article focuses on the purposes of the first censuses (military), how the population was conceived of, and what variables were collected. The main characteristics of included individuals, the data considered important during each period, and the major categories chosen are examined. Also included are the evolution of reasons for knowing the precise age of individuals and how age groups were standardized because these aspects are closely linked to census operations. Finally, we will see how censuses have been used to obtain an overview of the population and, during the 19th century, how they were central to the discussion of the decline in fertility and, more generally, the changes occurring in the French population. How each new question led to the invention of a new variable and how data were presented is also examined.     

The allure of global games for 'semi-peripheral' polities and spaces: A research agenda

Exploring the increasing propensity of 'semi-peripheral' polities and spaces to host major games as a pivotal strategic response to the exigencies of globalisation, it is contended that pursuing such events is intimately connected to the perceived expansion of 'marketing power' on the one hand, and to the legitimisation and celebration of conceptions of national identity and political orders, on the other. Given that various contingencies bear upon these sought-after outcomes, this analytical framework underscores the significance of questions about global inequality, power and identity to explain the apparent allure of global games. Hence, to determine whether major games deliver the kind of benefits proclaimed by proponents, requires asking questions about (1) identity building and signalling; (2) development and (3) political liberalisation and human rights.     

Local Government Policy Diffusion in a Decentralised System: Childbirth Support Policy in South Korea

South Korean local governments have recently adopted pronatalist policies to cope with the pressing problem of low and declining fertility, despite this central coordination by the national government has been limited in this policy domain. This study attempts to explain the process by which childbirth support policies have spread among localities over time by addressing two questions: whether interjurisdictional and internal factors of policy diffusion have been at work; and how vertical and horizontal diffusion mechanisms have interactively affected local policy adoptions in the developing country. Empirical findings show that horizontal and vertical mechanisms of diffusion considerably outperform intrajurisdictional factors in spreading childbirth support policies among localities. Furthermore, the vertical influence from the central government has a positive conditional effect that stimulates horizontal interactions among local governments for policy formulation. These findings thus suggest that horizontal interactions among localities can provide an important route for the nationalisation of a domestic social policy in the nascent decentralised system.     

从最新普查看俄罗斯人口发展状况

最新人口普查表明,自20世纪90年代开始席卷俄罗斯的人口危机尚未消除。与上次普查相比,当前俄罗斯人口发展状况具有以下几个基本特征:人口规模继续缩小并呈加速下降态势;人口地理分布严重不均衡;人口老龄化程度加深,性别比例差距扩大;妇女总和生育率进一步下降;家庭经济规模日趋小型化,独居人口显著增加;各民族间人口发展差异巨大,但整体民族结构未发生重大变化;居民受教育程度稳步提高;居民生活资料来源日益多样化;经济自立人口有所增加。     

Designing,Implementing, and Evaluating a Media Campaign Illustrating the Bystander Role

SUMMARY

The present article discusses convents as homes. Resulting from the study of a Gregorian source presently housed at DePaul University's Richardson library, this article probes the complexities and restrictions of convent life in 17th century Spain. The Sanctoral de Visperas (1653) functions as a backdrop for a consideration of how singing chant and attendant rituals enriched the lives of nuns. Also included are references to nuns from this period who were outstanding musicians and poets and whose works have recently received enthusiastic attention.     

我国社会阶层分化下的边缘人口内涵界定与特征探析

边缘人口是社会阶层结构分化中出现的特殊群体,他们的产生源于体制或制度的缺陷,对社会资源占有的非公平性容易使其成为社会的不稳定因素。边缘人口的构成是一个动态的范畴,就现阶段而言,我国的边缘人口主要包括农民工、失地农民、流动儿童和低保边缘人口,他们具有面临权利贫困困境、生活质量低层次、依靠自身力量很难改变所处的边缘地位、“相对剥夺感”真实而强烈、不等同于弱势群体和贫困人口的基本特征。     

Forensic genetic value of 27 Y-STR loci (Y-Filer® Plus) in the South African population

South Africa has one of the highest rape statistics in the world, with an average of 117 rapes reported daily. Y-STR genotyping is becoming a popular tool in the analysis of DNA evidence collected after a crime of a sexual nature has been committed, but has yet to be implemented in South Africa’s forensic laboratories. This study aimed to investigate the forensic value of the 27 Yfiler™ Plus loci in the South African population. A total of 271 samples from the African, Asian/Indian, Mixed Ancestry¹, and Caucasian populations at the University of the Free State in Bloemfontein, South Africa were amplified and analysed using ThermoFisher Scientific’s Yfiler™ Plus PCR Amplification kit. Of the 271 samples, 261 were identified to be unique, with an overall discrimination capacity of 98.15%. Discrimination capacities ranged from 91.67% for the Asian/Indian population to 100% for the Mixed Ancestry population. The haplotype diversity across the four populations is 0.9999, with an average gene diversity across all loci of 0.717. The forensic parameters estimated in this study provide evidence for the potential use of the commercial Yfiler™ Plus PCR amplification kit in a forensic application in South Africa.