侦查构造的基本内涵及对我国侦查构造的析评

侦查构造是指侦查阶段各程序主体间的法律地位、相互关系以及侦查程序在刑事诉讼程序中的地位和侦查程序与其它程序的关系。侦查构造中存在以控诉和辩护为核心的两类要素。我国的侦查构造在内部构造上表现为侦控双方对立但不对抗;控辩地位不平等;权力集中于侦查机关。外部构造上表现为以侦查为中心和侦诉上的顺承关系。对我国侦查构造的基本评价是:在侦查目的上,以认定犯罪嫌疑人有罪为主要目的;在类型上属纠问式的侦查构造;侦查阶段对公民权利的尊重很不充分。     

Character Strengths Among Youth

Four hundred and fiftynine students from 20 different high school classrooms in Michigan participated in focus group discussions about the character strengths included in the Values in Action Classification. Students were interested in the subject of good character and able to discuss with candor and sophistication instances of each strength. They were especially drawn to the positive traits of leadership, practical intelligence, wisdom, social intelligence, love of learning, spirituality, and the capacity to love and be loved. Students believed that strengths were largely acquired rather than innate and that these strengths developed through ongoing life experience as opposed to formal instruction. They cited an almost complete lack of contemporary role models exemplifying different strengths of character. Implications of these findings for the quantitative assessment of positive traits were discussed, as were implications for designing character education programs for adolescents. We suggest that peers can be an especially important force in encouraging the development and display of good character among youth.     

Current state and progress of research on forensic biomechanics in China

Forensic biomechanics gradually has become a significant component of forensic science. Forensic biomechanics is evidence-based science that applies biomechanical principles and methods to forensic practice, which has constituted one of the most potential research areas. In this review, we introduce how finite element techniques can be used to simulate forensic cases, how injury criteria and injury scales can be used to describe injury severity, and how tests of postmortem human subjects and dummy can be used to provide essential validation data. This review also describes research progress and new applications of forensic biomechanics in China.

Key points

• The review shows the main research progress and new applications of forensic biomechanics in China.
• The review introduces eight cases about the application of forensic biomechanics, including the multiple rigid body reconstruction, the finite element applications, study of mechanical properties, traffic crash reconstruction based on multiple techniques and analysis of morphomechanical mechanism about blood dispersal.
• Though forensic biomechanics has a great advantage for the evaluation of injury mechanisms, it still has some uncertainties owing to the uniqueness of the human anatomy, the complexity of biological materials, and the uncertainty of injury-causing circumstances.

     

我国公案小说叙述模式探析

我国侦探小说的源头可追溯至春秋战国时期出现的案狱故事。这种故事文本在它的发展过程中形成了特定的叙述模式,归纳起来,主要表现为特定的结构模式、突出的清官角色及零聚焦叙述视角。这一叙述模式在清代因"侠义"的加入而发生了变化。     

博客侵权问题研究

In recent years the cases of blog infringement are on the increase, attracting more attention from all walks of life. The author provides a preliminary discussion on the status, elements, and judicial finding of blog infringement, as well as civil liabilities for blog infringement, in the hope of contributing to the research and legislative regulation of blog infringement. Fang Yiquan is a professor and postgraduate supervisor of Law School of Wenzhou University, and a legal adviser of Wenzhou Municipal Government, whose main researches focus on civil law, commercial law and educational law. Professor Fang has been chosen as one of the “151 Talents of the New Century” of Zhejiang Province, one of the “Ten Outstanding Youths” in Wenzhou city, a “Prominent Educator” in Zhejiang Province. His scientific research achievements have received prefectural, provincial and ministerial rewards for over ten times. He has presided ten projects funded by the Humanities & Social Sciences of the Education Ministry of China and the Philosophy and Social Sciences of Zhejiang Province. He has released over 60 articles in academic law journals, such as Politics and Law Forum, Jurists Review, etc. His monographs include Compensation Liability of Student Injury Incidents, Research on Legal Problems of Campus Infringement, etc.     

我国司法目标的构成要素及相互关系

公正高效权威的有机统一构成了我国社会主义司法制度的目标，如何从我国的国情出发，正确认识构成司法目标各要素的内涵及相互间的关系，对司法目标的实现至关重要。     

生物样品中的金属毒物电感耦合等离子发射光谱检验

目的建立有毒金属元素在肝、脾和肾脏组织中的快速检测方法。方法通过模拟样品,采用微波消解炉对样品进行预处理,用电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪同时对多种可疑有毒金属元素进行检测。结果在中毒剂量,对肝脏和肾脏组织中的可疑毒金属元素,可以采用电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪进行检测。     

家兔死后眼玻璃体液镁，铁含量与PMI关系的研究

目的寻找一种精确推定PMI的方法。方法应用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS),检测家兔死后96h内眼玻璃体液镁、铁元素含量,探讨其与PMI的相关性。结果家兔死后0～48h眼玻璃体液镁元素含量与PMI显著相关,6～48h铁元素含量与PMI显著相关,其二项式回归方程分别为y=0.0738x2+0.6997x+11.45(R2=0.9119)、y=0.0411x2-0.3148x+1.4113(R2=0.9594)。结论家兔死后眼玻璃体液Mg、Fe含量变化可作为推定48h内PMI的参考指标之一。     

论内在的客观处罚条件

在犯罪构成四要件说中,客观处罚条件没有存在余地。但是,在我国刑法立法中,已经出现一些关于客观处罚条件的条文。如何理解和适用这些规定是理论上不可回避的问题。国外的通说认为,所有的客观处罚条件都不要求行为人认识和预见。但是,笼统地看待客观处罚条件,有将复杂问题简单化之嫌。坚持阶层式的犯罪成立要件理论,根据某种条件和违法性的关系密切程度,可以将客观处罚条件分为内在的客观处罚条件和外在的客观处罚条件。承认内在的客观处罚条件概念,客观的超过要素概念就没有必要再提倡。     

用发射光谱分析测定电流斑中的金属元素

<正> 电流斑由肉眼或组织学观察有时难以确认,尤其是凶杀案件中,在电击死亡后,尸体经伪装或因腐败,从形态学确诊电流斑困难更大。因此,如能在可疑电流斑部位的皮肤组织中,检出接触皮肤导体的金属元素,对确认电击致死具有重要意义。作者结合两起案例,利用原子发射光谱分析法,对人体皮肤电流斑进行检验。现将结果报告于下。