广西民族工作的难点与对策

如何服务好中国-东盟自由贸易区的建设与发展,如何服务好广西沿海发展新一极和中国南向互利合作战略的实施工作,这是新时期广西民族工作面临的全新课题.文章根据新世纪中央对广西民族工作的总体要求,提出一些建设性的建议,认为这是新时期广西民族工作迈上新台阶、取得新成就的关键所在.     

从参政权的视角看社会弱势群体的利益表达

社会弱势群体享有参与国家和社会经济事务的广泛民主权利,但在实践中弱势群体的参政权没有得到有效行使,制约了弱势群体的利益表达.为保障弱势群体的参政权有效行使,疏通利益表达渠道,现阶段要提高社会弱势群体社会经济地位,提高其自身素质,培育弱势群体利益代表组织,提高社会弱势群体组织化程度.     

It Takes a Village: Protecting Rural African American Youth in the Context of Racism

Prior research demonstrates negative consequences of racism, however, little is known about community, parenting, and intrapersonal mechanisms that protect youth. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study illuminated linkages between positive and negative contextual influences on rural African American adolescent outcomes. Quantitative results provide support for Structural Ecosystems Theory, in that the influence of discrimination and collective socialization on adolescent outcomes was mediated by racial socialization and positive parenting. Parenting and community influences contributed to adolescent racial identity and self image, which protected against common negative responses to racism; including academic underachievement, succumbing to peer pressure, and aggressive tendencies. Qualitative results indicate that current measures of discrimination may underestimate adolescents’ experiences. Adolescents reported racist experiences in the domains of school, peers, and with the police (males only). Moreover, qualitative findings echoed and expanded quantitative results with respect to the importance of the protective nature of parents and communities.

对攀爬式入室盗窃案件及现场勘查的分析

随着经济的快速发展和城市化建设的不断推进,越来越多的高层住宅（楼房）拔地而起,成为城镇居民理想的居住场地。与此同时,攀爬阳台入室盗窃案件也随之增多。该类案件具有极大的危害性,而且还极有可能转化为抢劫杀人等恶性案件。深入分析攀爬入室盗窃案件的特点、明确此类案件的现场勘查重点、提高现场勘查质量,有利于提高破获该类案件的效率。     

Nonmetric Cranial Trait Variation and Ancestry Estimation in Asian and Asian-Derived Groups

Traditionally, precontact Native Americans and Asian groups have been conflated for aspects of the biological profile due to their distantly shared genetic history, although this grouping remains largely unexplored. This study examines craniomorphic variability to ascertain whether Asian groups can be differentiated from each other and from Asian-derived groups using more fine-tuned models. Cranial and mandibular data for 35 nonmetric traits were recorded on precontact Native Americans (n = 150) and modern Japanese (n = 150) and Thai (n = 150) individuals. Chi-square analyses indicate that all groups exhibit statistically significant differences in most traits. Additionally, cross-validated binary logistic regression equations resulted in correct classification rates in the range of 65.0–93.3% and demonstrate that sex does not contribute to statistical models. Therefore, numerous traits provide discriminatory resolution that detects differences between the samples, thus highlighting the potential utility of nonmetric traits in identifying individuals beyond the traditional African, European, and Asian forensic ancestry groupings.     

公安机关处置群体性事件的执法难点和对策

当前,公安机关在处置群体性事件时面临诸多执法难点。因此,有必要制定处置群体性事件的法律或行政法规,把处置群体性事件的工作纳入法制化的轨道,以实现法律效果和社会效果的统一。     

弱势群体权利保护与群体性事件预防

随着改革的深化和利益关系的深刻调整,社会阶层分化加剧,涌现出大量的诸如贫困农民、城市失业和下岗工人、农民工等社会弱势群体,引发了一系列社会矛盾和问题,其中群体性事件就是十分突出的社会问题,其对我国社会稳定与和谐构成十分严重的威胁。要构建社会主义和谐社会,就必须高度关注弱势群体问题,积极探讨弱势群体权利保护机制,积极预防和妥善处置群体性事件。     

弱势群体法律保护的正当性分析──以消费者为例

在当前构建社会主义和谐社会的背景之下,对弱势群体提供法律保护具有正当性。这种正当性可以通过两个方面来说明,其一是在是法的价值层面上,对弱势群体提供法律是实现实质平等的必然要求;其二是在法的实现层面——诉讼制度的实现所必需。     

群体性治安事件处置的组织指挥亟待完善

群体性治安事件处置的组织指挥工作事关处置的成败 ,必须予以高度重视。但是 ,当前存在组织指挥领导班子成员结构不合理、搭配不科学 ,指挥工作缺乏规范性 ,组织指挥人员对处置措施、手段不熟悉 ,现场应变能力差 ,使用警力不科学等问题。因此 ,处置事件的领导班子的成员必须优化组合 ,增加权威 ,要加强事件的情报信息工作 ,按照正确的程序进行指挥 ,完善处置工作预案。     

路径依赖视角下中越两国权力监督改革比较

基于路径依赖的微观视角分析,中越两国在权力监督改革方面呈现出三个方面的异同。即,在正式规则方面,两国在改革的深层动力与实践取向上具有共同性,而在宪政制度、国家治理模式、法律规制等方面由于历史传统不同而表现出了差异性;在非正式规则方面,两国改革的共同障碍来源于权力崇拜与服从型政治文化的影响,而意识形态与文化信仰的差异则导致各色监督学说亲疏有别并使得两国权力监督改革表现出不同的变数;既得利益群体在体制变迁惯性推动力方面,其共同性表现为态度认知与风险成本使得内发式监督几无可能,而差异性则表现为由权力红利的积累速度、总量及对社会分配的影响而导致不同的改革难度与压力。从本质上看,中越两国权力监督改革能否成功,关键取决于执政党对改革是否保持有效的控制力。