成年小鼠氯胺酮慢性中毒后脑细胞凋亡

目的研究不同持续时间和剂量下氯胺酮慢性中毒对成年小鼠脑细胞凋亡发生的影响。方法氯胺酮按不同剂量(4、10、20、30mg/kg)每周2次于成年小鼠尾静脉注射,建立小鼠氯胺酮滥用慢性中毒模型,氯胺酮连续注射1、2、4、8、12周后处死。采用透射电镜进行细胞凋亡的定性检测,以Caspase-3免疫荧光染色法和脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling,TUNEL)定量检测凋亡细胞数,推断凋亡发生的时间,并统计分析实验结果。结果氯胺酮染毒1周后,在透射电镜下见到脑组织海马及纹状体区域有明显的神经元凋亡,并持续至8周后;染毒1周可见Caspase-3高表达,4周后呈持续低水平表达;染毒1周后可见TUNEL阳性细胞较对照组明显增加,4周时仍处于高水平表达。结论氯胺酮尾静脉注射可致成年小鼠神经元凋亡。     

民生风险理论与食品安全的刑法规制

民生风险是指包括生产、生活在内的社会活动对民生可能造成危害的风险,规制民生风险的刑法就叫做民生刑法。食品安全问题是民生风险的一项重要内容,包括食品生产制造(包括储存、运输等所有"食品入口"之前的环节)时难以避免的"工艺风险"、对食材配料定位不断变化的"认识风险"及生产和配料中的"人为错误"。其中"人为错误"是行为人能够或应该认识到并加以控制的对食品安全的侵害。而工艺风险和认识风险因难于预测、不易避免,其刑法适用尚待进一步探究,而不能简单地引入"风险"观念,通过加大打击力度、增设新罪来解决。民生风险和民生刑法的概念就避免了"风险"理论对刑法基本底线的违背,较好地把握了理论节度,成为规制食品安全较为合适的刑法指导性理念。     

Anxiety,order and the other: well-being among ethnic Kyrgyz and Uzbeks

Neither well-being nor suffering can be understood without understanding how the two experiences are related. In this paper, the author focuses on the experiences of well-being and suffering in everyday, mundane contexts, such as food preparation, cleaning and hospitality. Data presented are drawn from fieldwork conducted among ethnic Kyrgyz and Uzbeks in southern Kyrgyzstan, shortly after independence. The author discusses how the experiences of well-being and suffering are informed by symbolic systems that are linked to religious beliefs. This examination contributes to an understanding of the power of religious symbols, arguing that the expectations of well-being or suffering make systems of religious symbols more compelling.     

东南亚各国的粮食新政及其与中国的合作分析

2008年以来,全球粮食产量增长缓慢,需求不断增长,粮食危机席卷全球,如何保证粮食供应安全已成为东南亚国家面临的突出问题。为此,东南亚各国纷纷实施粮食新政,采取多种措施发展农业生产,确保粮食供给与粮食安全。世界范围内的粮食危机促进中国与东盟强化在粮食领域的合作。     

食品安全信息供给的政府义务及其实现路径

食品安全信息的有效供给,关系到社会对食品生产和消费的信息和对政府的信任,而完善我国食品安全信息的供给,已经成为完善我国食品安全监管的重要环节。本文通过对食品安全信息特性的分析,认为政府应当承担食品安全信息供给的义务。因此,本文全面反思现行法律中我国食品安全信息供给中政府义务的缺陷,并提出矫正的对策。     

Windows of opportunity: Lead poisoning prevention,housing affordability,and energy conservation

Abstract

We used housing demolition and window replacement rates to forecast prevalence trends for childhood lead poisoning and lead paint hazards from 1990 to 2010 for the President's Task Force on Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children. The mid‐point of that forecast has now been validated by national blood lead data and the 1998–2000 National Survey of Lead and Allergens in Housing.

The validation of the task force model and new analysis of these survey data indicate that window replacement explains a large part of the substantial reduction in lead poisoning that occurred from 1990 to 2000. A public‐private effort to increase window replacement rates could help eliminate childhood lead poisoning by 2010. This effort would also improve home energy efficiency and affordability, in addition to reducing air pollution from power plants, and a broader initiative could reduce other housing‐related health risks as well.     

Gorillas in the closet? Public and private actors in the enforcement of transnational private regulation

This paper examines to what extent the background presence of state regulatory capacity – at times referred to as the “regulatory gorilla in the closet” – is a necessary precondition for the effective enforcement of transnational private regulation. By drawing on regulatory regimes in the areas of advertising and food safety, it identifies conditions under which (the potential of) public regulatory intervention can bolster the capacity of private actors to enforce transnational private regulation. These involve the overlap between norms, objectives, and interests of public and private regulation; the institutional design of regulatory enforcement; compliance with due process standards; and information management and data sharing. The paper argues that while public intervention remains important for the effective enforcement of transnational private regulation, governmental actors – both national and international – should create the necessary preconditions to strengthen private regulatory enforcement, as it can also enhance their own regulatory capacity, in particular, in transnational contexts.     

试论新一轮粮食流通体制改革目标

新一轮粮食流通体制改革的直接目标,是让市场在粮食调节中发挥基础性作用,让国有粮食流通企业成为真正的市场经营主体,让中央政府及其粮食管理部门通过间接的、经济的手段调控粮食的供产销。长期目标是保证粮食稳定供给和粮食经济安全。衍生目标是调动粮农种粮的积极性,以及尽可能降低财政负担。     

传播与大学生食品消费

对北京五所高校大学生进行的调研发现,在大学生日常的食品消费中,传播的影响主要是通过人际传播实现的。大学生在食品消费中的决策深受同伴(同辈群体)的影响。广告主要是电视广告对大学生选择零食与饮料影响比较大。校园内的传播媒介对学生日常消费层面的响应和介入不足。     

铊（TI）投毒案检验

目的　通过 11例中毒者分析研究铊中毒的症状 ,达到了解和认识铊中毒的目的。方法　收集 11例铊中毒的相关资料 ,分析铊中毒的特征。结果　铊中毒的共同特征是出现症状的时候都有四肢疼痛或麻木 ,同时伴有严重脱发。结论　铊中毒依个体的年龄、性别、状态及中毒量不同 ,其发病前具有一定潜伏期。但性别、年龄与死亡的时间关系目前尚不清