中国东部蒙古族人群15个STR基因座多态性研究

目的调查15个STR基因座在中国东部蒙古族人群中的基因频率分布。方法应用四色荧光标记引物复合扩增技术,对105名东部蒙古族无关个的血样15个STR基因座进行多态性研究。结果在东部蒙古族人群中15个STR基因座偶合率在0.0084～0.2169之间,个体识别概率(DP)在0.7831～0.9916之间,杂合度在0.5619～0.9231之间,三联非父排除率(PE)在0.4490～0.8444之间,多态性信息总量(PIC)在0.5438～0.9178之间,15个STR基因座总TDP值为0.9999999999998,所有基因座经χ2检验符合Hard-Weinberg平衡。结论上述15个STR基因座在东部蒙古族人群中等位基因分布较好,个体识别率高,适合法医个体识别和亲子鉴定。     

华东地区汉族人群D2S1399和D5S2500基因座的遗传多态性研究

目的研究D2S1399和D5S2500基因座在中国华东地区汉族群体遗传多态性。方法应用PCR、聚丙烯酰胺垂直电泳及银染技术检测D2S1399和D5S2500基因座的遗传多态性。结果D2S1399和D5S2500基因座在中国华东汉族群体分别检出11个和9个等位基因,其观察杂合度(Ho)分别为0.745和0.807,多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.850和0.750,个体识别能力(DP)分别为0.958和0.917,非父排除率(PE)分别为0.554和0.643。结论D2S1399和D5S2500两个基因座是高度多态性STR基因座,在法医学中有重要应用价值。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Commentary</Emphasis>: A Critical Review of Published Competency-to-Confess Measures

The development of standardized assessments for competency-to-confess evaluations has remained largely neglected for the last several decades. Groundbreaking research was conducted on Miranda waivers during the late 1970s, but researchers have failed to sustain programmatic research. This critical review focuses on four published Miranda measures (Comprehension of Miranda Rights, Comprehension of Miranda Rights-Recognition, Comprehension of Miranda Vocabulary, and Function of Rights in Interrogation). When evaluated by contemporary standards, the validation of these measures is very limited. Major improvements are needed for interrater reliability, test–retest reliability, content validity, construct validity, and criterion-related validity.     

骨骼种属鉴定的组织学研究

目的 探求骨骼残渣的种属鉴定的组织学方法。方法 对人体不同部位骨骼,及常见动物骨骼的 77张骨组织学切片,在光镜下进行了骨组织学形态学研究。结果 不同动物骨组织学的形态学特征存在明显差异,其主要差别有：内、外环骨板的形态和相对厚度;哈氏系统之间的骨板的形态和哈氏系统的大小;哈氏环层骨板的数量及骨陷窝的数量等。结论 骨组织学的特征,不仅可以区分人与动物骨骼的残渣,也可以对不同动物的骨骼残渣进行区分。     

甲基苯丙胺稀土荧光试纸条的研制

目的建立一种检测尿液中甲基苯丙胺物质的高灵敏度检测方法。方法以稀土荧光纳米颗粒为标记物,采用反应杯+试纸条的反应模式,建立了免疫层析法,用于尿液中甲基苯丙胺的定性检测。结果用所制备的试纸条检测尿液中的甲基苯丙胺,肉眼和仪器判读的敏性均为100ppb,与吗啡、亚甲二氧基苯丙胺、氯胺酮、苯丙酮、可卡因等无交叉反应;将制备的反应杯和试纸条置于37℃7d,试纸条的性能没有明显降低。结论本研究建立的甲基苯丙胺免疫层析法用于定性检测尿液中的甲基苯丙胺,具有较高的灵敏性和较高的应用价值。     

荧光标记复合扩增检测4个STR基因座多态性

目的建立荧光标记复合扩增D1S2142,D13S1492,D14S306,D15S659基因座检测分型方法,并对成都汉族群体4个基因座的遗传多态性进行调查。方法用6-FAM标记D1S2142和D15S659引物,HEX、TMR分别标记D14S306和D13S1492引物,PCR复合扩增,310基因分析仪电泳自动收集电泳结果数据,GeneScan Analysis Software3.7NT软件计算扩增产物片段相对大小,Genotyper(3.7NT软件进行样本基因型分型,建立了荧光标记复合扩增检测4个STR基因座基因型的方法,对145名成都汉族无关个体样本进行分型。结果荧光标记复合扩增D1S2142,D13S1492,D14S306,D15S659基因座,每个STR基因座都获得了清晰的基因型分型结果。145份样本,4个STR基因座分别检出10,14,7,12个等位基因和22,54,21,39种基因型,其基因型分布均符合Hardy-W e inberg平衡。4个基因座在成都汉族群体的杂合度分别依次为0.7793,0.8345,0.7793和0.8345;多态信息含量分别依次为:0.7656,0.8730,0.7470和0.8312。累计非父排除率为0.9783,累计个人识别机率为0.9999 917。结论荧光标记复合扩增D1S2142,D13S1492,D14S306,D15S659基因座,可实现对每个基因座准确分型;成都汉族群体该4个基因座的遗传学数据,可为群体遗传学和法医学研究与应用提供基础资料。     

Toxicology and Circumstances of Completed Suicide by Means Other than Overdose*

Abstract: To determine the prevalence and circumstances of psychoactive substances amongst nonoverdose completed suicide, 1436 consecutive cases autopsied at the NSW Department of Forensic Medicine over the period 1/1/1997–12/31/2006 were analyzed. Substances were detected in 67.2% of cases, and illicit drugs in 20.1%. Alcohol was present in 40.6% of cases. Males were more likely to be positive for alcohol, cannabis, and psychostimulants, and females for pharmaceuticals. Illicits were associated with younger age. Alcohol was most prominent amongst toxicity cases, as were opioids, psychostimulants amongst gunshot cases, and pharmaceuticals amongst drownings. Cases in which drug and alcohol histories were noted were more likely to have a substance detected. Alcohol was more common where a suicide note was left and where relationship problems were involved. Pharmaceuticals were more common where a previous attempt was noted. Licit and illicit substances are strongly associated with suicide, even when the method does not involve drug overdose.     

高效液相色谱-质谱法测定人尿液中乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷

目的建立高效液相色谱-质谱法测定人尿液中乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷。方法取空白人尿液加入EtG-D5内标工作液和冷甲醇（4℃）,经涡旋、离心,取上清液于水浴氮气吹干,以沉淀杂质,采用Agilent Zorbax Bonus-RP色谱柱分离,以乙腈∶0.1%甲酸水溶液（5∶95）为流动相,采用负离子模式质谱检测,在选择离子监测模式下进行定性和定量测定。结果尿液中EtG在50～5 000ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,检出限为18ng/mL,方法回收率为90.2%～101.7%,相对标准偏差小于10%。结论所建方法简便,具有较高的回收率和精密度,适用于尿液中EtG的检测。     

一种针对MongoDB数据库的证据获取方法

根据MongoDB文件型数据库的特点,提出了一种针对MongoDB文件型数据库的证据获取方法。在研究GridFS文件系统原理的基础上,详细阐述了MongoDB和GirdFS文件系统结构,对MongoDB存放数据的文件进行了分析,进而获取被删除的文件数据。实验结果表明该方法能有效地从MongoDB数据库中获取电子证据。     

Detection of Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid in Various Drink Matrices via AccuTOF-DART*

Abstract: A new screening method for detecting gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in drink matrices, using the IonSense, Inc. (Saugus, MA) direct analysis in real time (DART) ion source coupled to a JEOL exact mass time-of-flight mass spectrometer (AccuTOF), was validated and compared with the current screening methodology. The DART ion source allows for analysis of samples under ambient conditions with little to no sample preparation. Fifty drink specimens were spiked at levels of 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/mL GHB, and analyzed on the AccuTOF-DART. Positive detection of GHB occurred for each of the samples at each concentration level, giving 100% accuracy for the samples tested. Twenty-five of the 50 drink specimens were spiked at 1 mg/mL GHB and tested using a color test known as the GHB Color Test #3. Only two of these 25 specimens tested positive for the presence of GHB, giving only 8% accuracy. Implementation of this new methodology as a screening tool for GHB analysis will quickly eliminate negative specimens allowing the examiner to focus analysis time on those that screened positive.