影响警察学员中长跑技术运用因素的研究

本文采取文献资料法、调查法、访谈法等方法对辽宁警察学院、中国刑警学院的警察学员在学习中长跑技术时容易受到哪些因素的影响进行研究。结果表明,运动员在长时间跑步时的自身综合素质、主观心理、以及天气场地等都是影响其发挥技术的关键环节。     

The effect of ionizing gamma radiation on natural and synthetic fibers and its implications for the forensic examination of fiber evidence

Circumstances of criminal activities involving radioactive materials may mean fiber evidence recovered from a crime scene could have been exposed to materials emitting ionizing radiation. The consequences of radiation exposed fibers on the result of the forensic analysis and interpretation is explored. The effect of exposure to 1-1000 kGy radiation doses in natural and synthetic fibers was noticeable using comparative forensic examination methods, such as optical microscopy, microspectrophotometry, and thin-layer chromatography. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed no signs of radiation-induced chemical changes in any of the fiber structures. The outcome of the comparative methods highlights the risk of "false negatives" associated in comparing colors of recovered fibers that may have been exposed to unknown radiation doses. Consideration of such results supports the requirement to know the context, including the environmental conditions, as much as possible before undertaking a forensic fiber examination.     

Analyzing Brazilian vehicle documents for authenticity by easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry

Using desorption/ionization techniques such as easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry (EASI-MS), it is possible to analyze documents of Brazilian vehicles for authenticity, providing a chemical profile directly from the surface of each document. A method for the detection of counterfeit documents is described, and the falsification procedure is elucidated. Forty authentic and counterfeit documents were analyzed by both positive and negative ion modes, EASI(±)-MS. EASI(+)-MS results identified the presence of (bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate plasticizer and of dihexadecyldimethylammonium biocide in both types of documents. For EASI(-)-MS results, the 4-octyloxybenzoic acid additive ([M + H](+): m/z 249) is present only in counterfeit documents. It was also found that counterfeit vehicle documents are produced via Laserjet printers. Desorption/ionization techniques, such as EASI-MS, offer therefore, an intelligent way to characterize the counterfeiting method.     

论自我摹写笔迹及其鉴定

自我摹写近20年出现于我国,不同于一般的摹写,属伪装笔迹而非伪造笔迹,不符合摹写笔迹的一般规律,形式比较特殊,其笔迹是摹写笔迹中最难识别的。但通过仔细研究、总结经验,掌握其特点、内在规律及鉴定方法,对此也并非毫无办法。     

Comparison of Different Analytical Methods for the Determination of Carbon Monoxide in Postmortem Blood

The determination of carbon monoxide (CO) and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) is of utmost importance in forensic toxicology to determine the cause of death in cases of CO poisoning, fire, and explosions. To this end, reliable and updated analytical methods are required. In this paper, four different methods for the determination of carbon monoxide in postmortem blood samples were compared: (i) the spectrophotometric determination of COHb applying the method proposed by Rodkey and modified by Beutler–West, (ii) the spectrophotometric determination of CO using a micro-diffusion-based method, (iii) the determination of CO by gas chromatography coupled to a TCD detector, and (iv) the determination of COHb by blood gas analysis. Three postmortem blood samples were analyzed with all methods, and the results were comparable. The applied methodologies showed different features depending on the sensitivity, sample preparation, and volume. The HS-GC/TCD method in our hand was the most appropriate, on postmortem samples, and versatile to apply. Unfortunately, only a limited number of postmortem blood samples were available for this study due to the rarity of that kind of intoxication in our jurisdiction.     

Geomatic techniques in forensic science: A review

The purpose of this review paper is to highlight various geomatic techniques that crime scene reconstructionists or forensic practitioners can use to document different kinds of scenes, highlighting the advantages, disadvantages, and when best to use each technology. This paper explores geomatic techniques such as a total station, photogrammetry, laser scanners and structured light scanners and how they can be used to reconstruct crime scenes. The goal of this paper is not to discredit manual methods, as they are long standing and reliable, but instead to shed light on alternative methods that may produce equally or more accurate results with a more visually appealing final product. It is important for law enforcement and forensic professionals to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, knowing when certain techniques should be used (and when they should not), and being able to revert to traditional methods if required.     

论票据的伪造与变造

票据作为一种信用工具,随着社会主义市场经济的迅速发展和金融体制改革的深入,各种商业票据和银行票据的使用逐渐增多,为准确认识票据行为及其性质,文章对票据伪造变造的构成及效力进行了深入论述,使对伪造变造后的票据当事人之间权利义务有个清楚认识。     

苏轼“随物赋形”说新论

"随物赋形",指的是苏轼诗文表意自然顺畅而又灵活多变的特点.其形成表面上看是苏轼在创作过程中所采用的表现手法使然,但归根到底则与其观照世界和立意取境的独特方式有着密不可分的关系.在佛教的"现量"观和禅宗"随缘自适"、"任心"等思想的影响下,苏轼要求创作主体在观照外物的时候拥有"空且静"的内心,且不主动向外界搜求,而是即景会心,所见、所闻、所感、所悟即为诗料.苏轼对水"随物赋形"这一特征的认识并不限于文学领域,它体现在其为人处世的原则上则是以道家思想为主导、兼容儒家思想的人生观.     

案后样本局部再现性伪装笔迹的检验

在实际办案中,笔者发现局部再现性伪装笔迹这种伪装的新特点.在越来越多的经济纠纷案件中,案后样本字迹中也出现了局部再现性伪装.本文就一起案后样本局部再现性伪装笔迹的检验,进行一些讨论.     

论刑事照相中的取景构图

摄影构图是照片表现力的关键,要拍摄制作出一张符合要求的刑事照片,除技术上的高标准以外,在很大程度上还有赖于正确地运用摄影构图。在实际工作中,刑事照相中的摄影构图已引起了一定的重视,但还存在一些问题,笔者从刑事照相的特点、刑事照相的取景构图处理及技巧等几个方面作一些讨论。