中共第四代领导集体对社会主义市场经济理论的进一步发展

十六大以后,特别是十六届三中全会以后,胡锦涛多次重申社会主义市场经济体制的改革方向,对逐步完善新生的经济体制提出了一系列有创见的观点,为社会主义市场经济理论的进一步丰富和发展作出了伟大贡献。     

"第四势力"与"舆论监督"之比较

首先,本文通过比较西方学者和我国学者对其所下的定义来展开阐述并解释"第四势力"与"舆论监督"的概念。其次,探讨二者的相同之处,如:二者都体现媒体的基本职能,二者都不是绝对的自由,二者都体现公益性,二者都来源于公民权利。第三从法理的层面运用阐述二者的不同点:二者的主体性质不同、二者所包含的内容不同,法律对二者的要求不同,对二者的主要制约方式不同。最后,探求我国"舆论监督"的发展方向。     

SECURING A NEW CONCEPT

正China presents a fresh vision of regional security at Asian cooperation summit Asia appears to be ushering in the first real security platform involving nearly the whole region.Although the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia(CICA)has been in existence for more than 20 years,its fourth summit recently held in Shanghai attracted extraordinary attention worldwide with the unprecedented participation of leaders and     

MARKET WATCH

正OPINION Sustained Yuan Appreciation Unlikely Recently,the continued depreciation of the yuan has aroused extensive attention.Some think it was the result of intervention by the People’s Bank of China,the country’s central bank,to pour cold water on expectations of renminbi appreciation.If it’s true,the central bank has set out to make preparations for prospective exchange rate reform.According to the report on the implementation of monetary policies in the fourth     

Assessment of histomorphological features of the sternal end of the fourth rib for age estimation in Koreans

The aim of this study was to assess the histomorphological features of the fourth rib and to develop age-predicting equations for Koreans. Sixty-four rib samples (36 males and 28 females) obtained from forensic cases were used for developing equations. Two thin sections (<100-microm thick) per sample were prepared by manual grinding. Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed statistically significant differences in age-adjusted histomorphological variables between sexes. Using stepwise regression analysis, osteon population density and average osteon area were correlated with unknown sex (r2 = 0.826), and sex plus two histomorphological variables provided the best results for an age-predicting equation given the assumption of knowing the sex of a specimen (r2 = 0.839). Average Haversian canal area had little influence on age estimation for male or female samples, and relative cortical area was not significantly related to age for any specimen.     

论中国共产党领导的第四次历史性转变

本文提出了中国共产党领导的第四次历史性转变的新概括,这就是继20世纪完成的社会转折（40年代）、制度转变（50年代）和经济体制转轨（70年代末开始）之后,21世纪以来开始的是经济社会发展模式转换。文章系统论述了第四次历史性转变提出的理论与实践依据、现实可能条件,揭示了第四次历史性转变新概括的重大意义。     

A New Window to Space

正China’s first coastal launch site is ready for blastoff Five years after construction began,China’s fourth and most advanced space center,the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center,has been completed and is ready to start operations,the People’s Daily newspaper reported on October 17.     

Comparison of four skeletal methods for the estimation of age at death on white and black adults

ABSTRACT: When analyzing human adult skeletal remains, it is often difficult to decide whether a single aging method will give a more reliable age estimation than a combination of methods. This study evaluates four macroscopic indicators for age estimation on 218 American White and Black individuals, ranging in age from 25 to 90 years of age, from the Terry collection. Individuals in the sample were selected to have a balanced race, sex, and age distribution. The following aging methods were applied to each skeleton by one experienced observer: the Suchey–Brooks (SB) pubic symphysis method, the Lovejoy auricular surface method, the monoradicular teeth Lamendin (LM) method, and the I?can (IC) method for fourth ribs. The statistical study involved the evaluation of inaccuracy and bias (based on median age) for each age indicator and the combination of methods using Principal component analysis (PCA). Analysis was performed on the entire sample, then by race, then sex, and then age group (25–40 years, 41–60 years, and >60 years). PCA was the most accurate method for both racial groups when all age groups are analyzed together. When the sample was divided into age groups, SB was the most accurate for young adults (25–40 years) and LM was the most accurate for middle adults (41–60 years). After the age of 60, all methods are highly inaccurate, although IC gives the lowest inaccuracy. As regards bias, the study highlights the tendency of all methods to overestimate the age of young individuals and to underestimate in the older age group. No single skeletal indicator of age at death is ever likely to reflect accurately the many factors that accumulate with chronological age. In fact, one must use as many dental and skeletal indicators as possible. However, in order to maximize the potential of each method, in the final evaluation one should consider mainly the method or methods that have a higher accuracy for a particular age range.     

对生态文明是“第四大文明”论的几点质疑——兼论生态文明与《环境保护法》的修订

生态文明建设是党的十八大报告中对社会主义社会建设的最新要求,也是新时期生态环境法治建设的航向标。然而有法学学者在研究生态文明的过程中,将生态文明描绘为非人类向往的,是人类无奈选择的,适应性的,非人类创造性的第四大文明。笔者认为该论是对生态文明根本的误读,不利于展开正确的法学研究,应当予以分析并澄清。     

A Test of Hartnett's Revisions to the Pubic Symphysis and Fourth Rib Methods on a Modern Sample

Estimating age at death is one of the most important aspects of creating a biological profile. Most adult age estimation methods were developed on North American skeletal collections from the early to mid‐20th century, and their applicability to modern populations has been questioned. In 2010, Hartnett used a modern skeletal collection from the Maricopia County Forensic Science Centre to revise the Suchey‐Brooks pubic symphysis method and the ??can et al. fourth rib methods. The current study tests Hartnett's revised methods as well as the original Suchey‐Brooks and ??can et al. methods on a modern sample from the William Bass Skeletal Collection (N = 313, mean age = 58.5, range 19–92). Results show that the Suchey‐Brooks and ??can et al. methods assign individuals to the correct phase 70.8% and 57.5% of the time compared with Hartnett's revised methods at 58.1% and 29.7%, respectively, with correctness scores based on one standard deviation of the mean rather than the entire age range. Accuracy and bias scores are significantly improved for Hartnett's revised pubic symphysis method and marginally better for Hartnett's revised fourth rib method, suggesting that the revised mean ages at death of Hartnett's phases better reflect this modern population. Overall, both Hartnett's revised methods are reliable age estimation methods. For the pubic symphysis, there are significant improvements in accuracy and bias scores, especially for older individuals; however, for the fourth rib, the results are comparable to the original ??can et al. methods, with some improvement for older individuals.