信用证欺诈例外原则及其新发展

随着国际商贸活动的日益发展,信用证欺诈例外原则逐步确立和发展,并在防止信用证欺诈方面发挥了重要的作用。应该看到,作为信用证流通过程中所出现的欺诈例外原则在适用的过程中,由于其自身所具有的国际性,必然要考虑到世界范围内的统一性的问题。因此,在处理欺诈例外的案件过程中,我国应当不断借鉴国外行之有效的方法,密切关注国际商会的有关立场和动态,使我国的做法尽快与国际通行惯例接轨。     

手机短信息诈骗犯罪的手段、成因、特点及防范

手机短信息诈骗犯罪的主要手段有 :中奖引诱 ,销售廉价走私商品 ,有偿提供六合彩特码 ,征婚骗局 ,结交“Q友” ,办理证件。手机短信息诈骗犯罪的特点 :犯罪手法具有新颖性、隐蔽性、欺骗性 ;犯罪主体具有团伙性。手机短信息诈骗犯罪的防范对策 :大力开展防范宣传 ,提高人们的防范意识 ;加快立法进程 ,完善法制 ;电信部门应加强管理 ,推进改革 ;规范银行管理 ,严格执行规定 ;公安机关力争取证调查透彻 ,全面查处案件     

诉讼欺诈研究

诉讼欺诈是一种为非法占有他人财物,在民事诉讼中使用虚假证据骗取法院的错误判决,从而获取公私财物的行为。我国刑法对诉讼欺诈不予调整,致使司法实践中诉讼欺诈现象严重。必须将诉讼欺诈规定为犯罪,由公安机关运用刑事侦查手段打击诉讼欺诈行为,以保证正常的审判秩序和人民的财产安全。同时建议修改刑法典第305条,将伪证罪的主体扩大到民事诉讼的当事人,从而从根本上解决诉讼欺诈在刑事司法上无法可依的尴尬局面。     

刑事法视野中的诉讼欺诈行为研究

诉讼欺诈以伪造证据、提起虚假民事或行政诉讼为手段,严重破坏审判秩序、侵害被害人利益,是一种具有严重社会危害性的行为,已超出民事和行政手段可以调整的范畴。我国刑法理论和司法实践对诉讼欺诈行为的定性分歧很大。事实上,诉讼欺诈与诈骗罪存在巨大差异,并且,它并不是敲诈勒索罪的特殊形式,而且将其纳入妨害作证罪也是不合理的。因此,当今刑法无现成的罪名与之相匹配。因此,我国刑法应增设诉讼欺诈罪,合理配置其法定刑。     

“I knew it was a scam”: Understanding the triggers for recognizing romance fraud

Research Summary

This article investigates the contributing factors (or triggers) to a realization of romance fraud victimization, based on 1015 reports lodged with Scamwatch (Australian online reporting portal for fraud) between July 2018 and July 2019 (inclusive). The article examines the free text narrative of each report to propose five discernible trigger categories: further requests for money; characteristics of communications; verification checks; an offender's action(s); and being told by a third party.

Policy Implications

Based on a comprehensive understanding of these five categories, the article advocates for broader messaging approaches to encompass financial literacy and well-being, cyberliteracy and critical thinking skills, cybersecurity practices, and respectful and healthy relationships. Leveraging the use of these wider education and awareness campaigns could improve recognition of romance fraud. Importantly, it is suggested that banks and other financial institutions are in a strong position to focus their efforts on some of these broader messages to effect positive change.     

谈保险诈骗犯罪的预防对策

近年来,我国保险事业得到了快速发展,但随之而来的保险诈骗也愈演愈烈,严重扰乱了国家的金融秩序。因此,打击、控制保险诈骗犯罪对金融反欺诈斗争具有重要的意义。文章对当前保险诈骗犯罪的现状及作案手段进行了分析,并提出了针对此类犯罪案件的预防对策。     

谈冒用型信用卡诈骗罪

备受关注的许霆一案,使人们开始关注刑法中有关信用卡的犯罪。冒用他人信用卡是信用卡诈骗罪的客观行为表现之一,也是认定犯罪的难点之一。刑法仅规定盗窃他人信用卡并使用的以盗窃罪论处,而没有规定对其他非法获取他人信用卡并使用的行为如何认定。应考虑到行为人实行前一非法行为的方式,及与后一冒用行为的关系,来确定行为的性质与罪数。     

Bring the party back in: Institutional design for ‘smart election fraud’

Autocrats face a dilemma. Continue with fraudulent electoral practices and risk revolt, or reduce fraud and risk losing elections. One solution is to structure electoral governance such that it allows for independence and professionalism at the center, lending credibility to the electoral process, and partisan local-level administration, enabling fraud at the micro level. Partisan poll workers can help deliver the vote by the use of ‘smart fraud’ – fraud that minimizes the risk of being caught and is used only when needed. In Armenia, the ruling party's vote share, as a proportion of all registered voters, increases with 2.5 percentage points in polling stations where the chairperson was randomly assigned to the ruling party. Fraud forensics suggests that one of the mechanisms behind this was falsification of the results protocol during the count. I conjecture that fraud is only used in high-stakes elections and that election observers are unable to detect it.     

手机诈骗犯罪问题探析

随着手机的普及和发展,利用手机诈骗也愈演愈烈。手机诈骗不仅严重地侵犯了人们的财产权益,而且破坏了正常的社会秩序。手机诈骗具有隐蔽性、流动性、犯罪手段智能化等特点。手机诈骗犯罪的原因多种多样,如立法缺失、监管失位、侦查困难、惩处不力等。为有效预防和遏制手机诈骗犯罪,应完善相关的法律、法规;加大宣传教育力度,提高手机用户的识别能力;加强社会联合防范。     

求职欺诈解雇研究

求职欺诈不仅误导用人单位作出错误的意思表示,而且扰乱用人单位的正常经营秩序,因此,求职欺诈解雇的理论路径包括劳动合同效力瑕疵以及惩戒解雇。司法裁判就上述理论路径的适用形成了并列竞合、以惩戒解雇为主,以及单一的劳动合同效力三种模式。本研究基于裁判文书,分析我国求职欺诈解雇司法裁判的现状,从理论上反思我国《劳动合同法》及其司法裁判中并列竞合模式形成的原因,并指出其实践中存在的问题。研究认为,从劳动合同的契约本质、劳动关系的特点以及劳动立法的目的来看,我国应选择以惩戒解雇为主的理论路径,并在实质审查、告知义务、解雇权行使的期间以及赔偿四方面对求职欺诈解雇制度予以完善。