Temporal transaction patterns in an open-air cannabis market

This article describes the results of a nine-month covert surveillance operation of Scandinavia’s principal open-air cannabis market, an area known as Christiania in Copenhagen Denmark. The data detail the time of day of retail transactions from four different sale positions, both outdoor (daytime: n = 1.123, nighttime: n = 1.282) and indoor (n = 63,413). The analysis provides insights into the tempo, rhythm and timing of cannabis transactions, over the course of a day, on weekends compared to weekdays and in relation to payday. It is found that buyers prefer lower price over wider selection and that sellers adapt their opening hours according to temporal patterns in transaction frequency. The findings are relevant for deployment of police resources in regards to maintaining post-crackdown residual deterrence.     

财务人员职务犯罪的预防

财务人员利用职务进行犯罪活动,制度设计欠缺、执行不力、检查不严是重要外因。如何预防财务人员特有的职务犯罪问题是财务管理和审计监察部门的共同责任。     

北美自由贸易协定对环境与贸易问题的协调及其启示

北美自由贸易协定在环境合作委员会的主导下,充分尊重成员国的主权,给予发展中国家实质性的能力支持,赋予成员国确定本国环境保护水平的自由裁量权,建立独立的区域环境贸易争端解决机制,在协调区域内成员国间环境标准及协调区域贸易协定与多边环境协定间的关系等方面构建了一个全新的模式。北美自由贸易协定对环境与贸易问题的协调模式对多边贸易体制协调环境与贸易问题有诸多的启示和借鉴意义。     

自杀性暴力犯罪及其防范对策研究

自杀性暴力犯罪已成为影响我国社会治安的一个敏感而重大的问题,由于此类犯罪的危害后果非常严重,因此,在研究如何侦查此类案件的同时,应当着重探索此类犯罪的基本特征和发生规律,在防范对策上下功夫。     

Hot spots policing and crime prevention: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Crime scholars and practitioners have argued that police actions should be focused on high-risk crime places rather than spread thinly across the urban landscape. This review examines five randomized controlled trials of the effects of concentrating police enforcement efforts on crime hot spots. The findings of these evaluations suggest that focused police actions can prevent crime and disorder in crime hot spots. A meta-analysis of the effect sizes from the five experiments reveals a statistically significant mean effect size for hot spots policing interventions; this suggests overall reductions in citizen calls for service in the treatment hot spots relative to the control hot spots. These studies also suggest that focused police actions at specific locations do not necessarily result in crime displacement. Although these evaluations reveal that these programs work in preventing crime, additional research is needed to unravel other important policy-relevant issues such as community reaction to focused police enforcement efforts.     

手机诈骗犯罪问题探析

随着手机的普及和发展,利用手机诈骗也愈演愈烈。手机诈骗不仅严重地侵犯了人们的财产权益,而且破坏了正常的社会秩序。手机诈骗具有隐蔽性、流动性、犯罪手段智能化等特点。手机诈骗犯罪的原因多种多样,如立法缺失、监管失位、侦查困难、惩处不力等。为有效预防和遏制手机诈骗犯罪,应完善相关的法律、法规;加大宣传教育力度,提高手机用户的识别能力;加强社会联合防范。     

求职欺诈解雇研究

求职欺诈不仅误导用人单位作出错误的意思表示,而且扰乱用人单位的正常经营秩序,因此,求职欺诈解雇的理论路径包括劳动合同效力瑕疵以及惩戒解雇。司法裁判就上述理论路径的适用形成了并列竞合、以惩戒解雇为主,以及单一的劳动合同效力三种模式。本研究基于裁判文书,分析我国求职欺诈解雇司法裁判的现状,从理论上反思我国《劳动合同法》及其司法裁判中并列竞合模式形成的原因,并指出其实践中存在的问题。研究认为,从劳动合同的契约本质、劳动关系的特点以及劳动立法的目的来看,我国应选择以惩戒解雇为主的理论路径,并在实质审查、告知义务、解雇权行使的期间以及赔偿四方面对求职欺诈解雇制度予以完善。     

自杀性暴力犯罪的特点及预防

自杀性暴力犯罪是一个新的概念。它是随着我国20世纪80年代改革开放以来,频频发生的危害社会的自杀性暴力犯罪现象而产生的。自杀性暴力犯罪不是一个法律概念,也不是我国刑法规定的犯罪种类,它属于暴力犯罪的一种。自杀性暴力犯罪的表现形式有两种:第一种是自杀者一般采取爆炸、投毒等暴力手段与危害对象同归于尽,这种自杀犯罪形式占绝大多数;第二种是等到实现犯罪目的后再自杀。     

Designing tools for ‘joined up’ homelessness prevention: Insights from one case study

Homelessness is a complex social problem with significant health and economic consequences. Prevention-based responses seek to reduce the number of people who go on to experience homelessness, but effective homelessness prevention is challenging to implement and can require service integration across mainstream referral organisations and specialist homelessness service agencies. The ‘At-Risk Screening Tool’ was piloted over August 2018 to March 2019 to enable such mainstream and specialist organisations to coordinate their screening and referral process in the context of homelessness prevention. The tool was used by mainstream referral agencies to assess a client's risk of homelessness, and a tailored referral pathway to a specialist homelessness agency was produced based on this assessment. This article discusses the evaluation of the pilot, exploring three key insights around service integration in a community service context. These insights emphasise the importance of embedding an awareness of staff needs and organisational constraints into the design and application of similar tools.     

马克思死刑思想研究——兼论对中国死刑改革的启示

马克思认为,在一个文明的社会裹,死刑是残暴的、不文明的、不人道的、不公正的、无效的、没有正当根据的,从而提出了在文明社会彻底废除死刑的主张。这必将封中国的死刑改革具有重大的指导性意义。