中小企业的发展与“社会就业更加充分”目标的实现

比较充分的就业是保持社会和谐的物质基础,而中小企业的充分发展则是实现这一目标的战略性举措。为此,政府必须采取措施,切实改善中小企业的生态环境,以促进中小企业的发展。     

代位求偿权与被保险人剩余赔偿请求权何者优先——兼对英国《海上保险法》中相关规则的反思

海上保险大多是定值保险,在保险标的价格大幅度上涨的情形下,保险赔偿往往是不充分的;同时,在海商法领域,民法中的全部赔偿原则并不适用,船舶所有人、船舶经营人等享有海事赔偿责任限制的权利,因此,对被保险人负有责任的第三人的赔偿数额经常不足,从而导致保险人的代位求偿权与被保险人未受保险赔偿部分的请求权都无法得以满足。在此种情况下,是应当优先保证保险人代位求偿权的实现,还是被保险人未得到保险赔偿部分的损失应首先得到赔偿？抑或按比例受偿？这个问题充满争议。根据MIA 1906规定,在足额保险的情形下,保险人的代位求偿权优先;在不足额保险的情形下,保险人与被保险人应按比例分摊第三人的赔偿额。对这一结论进行深刻反思,并指出代位求偿权不同于一般的债权转让,依据债权平等的一般民法原理解决这一难题是不妥的,只有根据代位求偿权的立法目的才能妥善解决这一难题,同时基于对中国法的客观解释得出＂被保险人优先＂的结论。     

Public Outrage,Media Spectacle and the Kapunda Road Royal Commission

The article focuses on the relationship between the executive and the judiciary in respect of a legal case that provoked public outrage. This outrage entered into the media spectacle and was channelled by the executive into calling a royal commission. The royal commission was charged with re‐examining the police actions and the legal case. However, hidden behind its narrow terms of reference was the larger question of justice being ‘blind’ to a network of privilege. As such, the royal commission had the potential to threaten the independence of the judiciary.     

Unfolding the coverage of illicit drugs in Estonian print press

The aim of this article is to analyze the changes in the coverage of illicit drugs by the Estonian press in the aftermath of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the restitution of Estonia’s independence. The article adapts Anthony Downs’ ‘issue-attention cycle,’ in which he proposes that public concern about certain issues follows a particular five-phase model. The author of this paper conducted a content analysis of 1523 press articles from 1993 to 2009. The analysis indicates that coverage of drug issues follows four of the five phases of Downs’ model, the exception being the fifth ‘post-problem’ phase.     

Newspaper Coverage of Three Presidential Campaigns in Chile: Personalisation and Political Strategies

We investigate the evolution of political campaign coverage through a content analysis of the topics highlighted in newspapers' agendas during three presidential elections in Chile. Results show an expected increase in the space allocated to the politicians' private lives (privatisation) by 2009, but no change in the attention given to individual politicians' political traits (political competence). Coverage of candidates' campaign strategies had increased markedly in media agendas by 1999, and by 2009 in politicians' agendas. These changes are consistent with some of the recent transformations of political communication in Western democracies, within the framework of the so‐called ‘mediatisation’ of politics.     

中国工会覆盖效应下的工资溢价实证研究 —— 来自 2012年雇员雇主匹配数据的经验

笔者基于 2012 年雇员雇主匹配数据，采用 Blinder-Oaxaca 分解的方法对工会覆盖效应下的工 资溢价问题进行了实证研究。实证结果显示，工会对工会企业和非工会企业的平均工资差距影响不明显；工会 企业和非工会企业的工资差异主要由特征差异引起；工会并没有通过人力资本显著影响工资差距；工会通过劳 动合同和集体合同影响了工资总体差距；工会可以减少性别工资歧视等。     

再论中国抗日战争是十四年

20世纪 30至 40年代发生的中国抗日战争 ,应是 14年而非 8年。日本对中国大规模的侵略战争 ,是从 1931年 9月 18日发动沈阳事变、侵占中国东北就开始的。与此相应 ,中国军民也从那时就开始了反抗日本侵略的军事斗争与救亡运动。从1931年“九一八”事变到 1937年“七七”事变这 6年局部抗战 ,与此后 8年的全面抗战 ,共同构成了中国人民伟大的抗日战争史     

Government approval in Italy: Political cycle,economic expectations and TV coverage

This paper analyses government approval in Italy – which has become a key aspect for electoral support in the new party system of the Second Republic – exploring the influence that TV coverage exerts on approval net of traditional accounts of government support. Relying on both aggregate time series and pooled individual-level surveys analyses, it is shown that communication has a sizable impact on government approval. The popularity of Centre-Left and Centre-Right governments is affected evenly by the economy but differently by the news coverage of their activity. People with lower political interest are the most reactive to news coverage of government performance.     

比例责任在侵权法上的适用之检讨

传统的"全有全无原则"在处理新型侵权案件之时,难以平衡加害人和受害人的利益,比例责任作为"全有全无原则"的补充则能较好地平衡加害人和受害人的利益。比较法上,主要是在责任成立阶段,通过引入概率因果关系理论,结合损害的酌定,建构比例责任理论。我国侵权法上,比例责任还适用于责任范围的确定上,如多数人侵权"共同因果关系"案型,但是该层面的比例责任不宜扩展至单独侵权。两种类型的比例责任具有不同的教义学基础:前者的基础是《侵权责任法》的公平责任原则,其能在特殊案型中对因果关系和损害重新解释;后者的基础则是《侵权责任法》第12条。应当认识到比例责任有其适用范围和限度,其只能作为传统侵权的补充。产品侵权、医疗侵权、环境侵权和"共同因果关系"数人侵权是我国侵权法上典型的比例责任适用的案型,相关理论仍然需要进一步厘定。