中国代孕制度之立法重构——以无偿的完全代孕为对象

我国现行规章对代孕持一概禁止的态度。由于特定形式的代孕具有权利基础,符合公序良俗,能缓和家庭矛盾,符合市民社会中“人”的影像和中国传统文化,加之域外立法例对特定形式代孕的承认,这一切,使得特定形式的代孕在我国的合法化深具可行性。我国未来代孕立法的基本原则,应坚持人工生殖技术的共有立法原则与代孕技术的特有立法原则相结合的模式,未来立法应对代孕制度的各个方面进行全面、系统的规定。     

抵押物转让中的利益衡量与制度设计

抵押人在抵押期间不丧失对抵押物的处分权,可以自由转让抵押物。但抵押物的转让需要顾及到抵押权人利益的保障,传统立法通过赋予抵押权人追及效力来实现于此。但这可能会损害受让人的利益,导致利益和风险分配的不平衡。抵押物转让制度的设计应当充分权衡抵押人、抵押权人以及受让人三者的利益冲突,并结合物尽其用这一物权法基本价值目标,做出妥善安排。由于抵押权是价值权,以价金物上代位为主导、追及效力为补充的抵押物转让制度是一个很好的尝试。     

《民法典》环境侵权惩罚性赔偿制度之功能剖辨

《民法典》侵权责任编第1232条规定的环境侵权惩罚性赔偿制度,是一项新增制度.从内在机理审视,惩罚主义理论或功利主义理论均难以为环境侵权惩罚性赔偿制度的"惩罚"功能提供理论支撑.从规则体系审视,若赋予该制度"惩罚"功能,则错置了侵权责任的保护客体,混同了生态环境保护中私法机制与公法机制,忽视了"环境损害"救济法律机制体...     

从女性主义的视角看蔡元培的女子教育观

蔡元培先生是我国近代著名的资产阶级革命家和民主主义教育家,其教育思想博大精深,而女子教育思想更是其教育思想的一个重要的组成部分。从女性主义的视角来研究蔡元培的女子教育思想能够为当今的女子教育事业的发展提供新的思考和借鉴意义。     

规模以下非公企业党的组织和工作覆盖问题研究

新时期,抓紧在非公有制企业建立党组织,进一步扩大党组织在非公有制领域的覆盖面,是基层党建工作的重点和难点。本文对浙江多个地市进行深入调查研究,揭示了新时期加强规模以下非公有制企业党的组织覆盖和工作覆盖的现实紧迫性;分析了当前规模以下非公有制企业开展党建工作的总体状况,以及影响规模以下非公有制企业党的组织覆盖和工作覆盖的制约因素,在此基础上提出加强规模以下非公有制企业党的组织覆盖和工作覆盖的对策措施。     

对我国目前服务业发展存在问题的思考——从经济增长与充分就业角度审视

本文认为我国经济发展的首要目标,不是经济高增长,而是充分就业。为此,我国必须正视服务业吸纳就业能力强的现实,认清服务业发展滞后的主要成因,把确立以服务业为主导的产业结构作为发展方式转变的主攻方向,明晰基本思路,找准战略突破口,采取有效措施,全力推进我国服务业大发展。     

Political posturing and the need for peace journalism in South Africa: The case of Julius Malema

SUMMARY

On February 2, 1990 the media emergency regulations were rescinded by the state president, mr. F.W. de Klerk. This has lead to the idea in some quarters that the media in South Africa are now totally free. Contrary to this belief the author shows that at the start of 1991 a plethora of restrictions are still being placed on the media in South Africa. These restrictions are indicative of National Party media policy that has been formulated since 1948. In view of this, the general objections of the African National Congress (ANC) with regards to the present media system in South Africa are spelt out from a media policy perspective. The merits of these objections are evaluated, after which the Manoim-debate concerning future policy formulation is briefly dealt with. This debate was mainly conducted in the print media in 1990. The possible lessons that a future independent black press could learn from the demise of the Daily Mail are set out. To conclude, the idea is put forward that the media in South Africa should immediately start to agitate for positive media policy stipulations (a broad media policy framework). Some of the media policy issues that governments of the future will have to address, are also identified.     

Images of terrorism in the media: 1966–1985

Abstract

This paper examines the classification of terrorism articles in two newspaper indexes, the New York Times Index and the London Times Index, and two periodical indexes, the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature and the British Humanities Index, from 1966 to 1985. The indexes are compared in several ways: by the year in which the category terrorism first appeared; by the changing nature and number of headings and related headings; by the changing number of articles under each heading; and by the different tactics, regions, targets, and other themes emphasized in these articles for each year. The changing patterns in these quantitative and qualitative parameters over the 20‐year period are analyzed in terms of regional differences (United States versus United Kingdom) and index differences (newspapers versus periodicals). The results are also compared with other research on media and terrorism that shows that images of terrorism in the media do not represent an accurate picture of the nature and extent of terrorism in the real world.     

Patterns of Internet and Traditional News Media Use in a Networked Community

Abstract

International communication has come increasingly under the impact of at least three major technological, socio‐economic, and political forces: expanded channels of communication provided by technological developments, democratizing pressures that have brought new voices to be heard in international media and forums, and new but as yet weak mechanisms for the conduct of meaningful dialogue and negotiations. Power politics has been thus increasingly supplemented or supplanted by image politics, questioning traditional boundaries between domestic and international politics, and creating image fixations that have proved occasionally inimical to accommodation of real interests. The symbolic uses of images, on the other hand, have served at least three kinds of cognitive interests: national solidarity, and domestic instrumental and global community. The Iranian hostage crisis, among a number of other contemporary examples, illustrates how these interests were served, symbolically and actually, in domestic as well as international politics. Through a case study of the hostage crisis, me paper concludes with some warnings on the potentials as well as menaces of image politics.     

Book reviews

James A. Smith, The Idea Brokers: Think Tanks and the Rise of the New Policy Elite (New York: The Free Press, 1991), 313 pp. $24.95.

Dinesh D'Souza, Illiberal Education: The Politics of Race and Sex on Campus (New York: The Free Press, 1991)., 319 pp.

Michael Glennon, Constitutional Diplomacy and Constitutionalism (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990), 353 pp. $35.00.