体内磷化氢的定量测定——用次亚磷酸钠为标准品的定量方法

本文作者提出用次亚磷酸钠为标准品,作体内磷化氢的定量测定。探讨了采用气相色谱法、硝酸银比色法及AgDDC分光光度法定量测定体内磷化氢的条件及其线性范围。作者认为,此法有两个优点:一是可避免将磷化氢氧化成磷酸根的繁琐操作;二是简化了定量方法。     

The analysis of some evidential materials by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry

Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) is under evaluation at the Central Research Establishment for the analysis of evidential materials. The analysis of standard reference materials has demonstrated that quantitative multi-element data can be obtained from small samples of a variety of materials. The results of some determinations carried out in support of casework investigations are reported.     

对必须牢固树立群众观点的思考

党群关系,关系到党的兴衰成败,生死存亡。共产党人必须尊重人民,深入基层,深入实际,始终保持同人民群众的血肉联系,代表和不断实现最广大人民群众的根本利益。     

论社区安全防范体系的整体构建

社区警务思想是整体构建社区安全防范体系的理论基础。社区警务是指警察与社区公众有机结合,共同探讨和解决可能影响或制约社区正常生活质量的各种问题及潜在的越轨隐患,以达到预防和惩治违法犯罪、确保社区长治久安目的的警务战略思想。     

Lead-free primer residues: a qualitative characterization of Winchester WinClean, Remington/UMC LeadLess, Federal BallistiClean, and Speer Lawman CleanFire handgun ammunition

The elemental composition and postfiring residues of several "lead-free" or "nontoxic" centerfire handgun ammunition types currently available to the general public were examined. Offerings from Winchester, Remington/UMC, Federal and Speer were obtained from retail sources in both .45 ACP and 9 mm when possible. A total of 112 postfiring residue samples (SEM pins) were collected at varying distances from the muzzle, at two distances from target and from the shooter's hands. An additional 20 samples were collected by direct ignition of primers. Qualitative determinations were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/electron dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analysis. All types tested contained aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). Most contain traces of sulfur and calcium. Winchester WinClean and Remington LeadLess contained potassium as the principle ingredient. Federal BallistClean contained barium, while Speer Lawman CleanFire contained strontium. In the main, these compared favorably with manufacturers' MSDS publications and patents granted. The characterizations undertaken here will be of use to the forensic electron microscopist as these formulations gain popularity.     

An evaluation of matching unknown writing inks with the United States International Ink Library

Utilizing a database of standards for forensic casework is a valuable resource. Undoubtedly, as more standards (and corresponding information about the specimens) are collected, there is a greater certainty of identification when a questioned and a known item cannot be distinguished after a series of analyses. The United States Secret Service and the Internal Revenue Service National Forensic Laboratory jointly maintain the largest known forensic collection of writing inks in the world, which is comprised of over 8500 ink standards collected worldwide, dating back to the 1920s. This study was conducted to evaluate the reliability of matching arbitrarily purchased pens with known inks from a database. One hundred pens were randomly obtained from a variety of sources and their respective ink compositions were compared with standards. Eighty-five of the inks were determined to be suitable for comparison utilizing optical examinations and thin-layer chromatography. Three of the inks did not match any of the specimens on record; one of these inks was similar to an ink from an identical brand of pen that was in the database, but had a modified formulation.     

用固相萃取法提取净化生物检材中拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的实验研究

固相萃取法（Sep－PakC18小柱）同时萃取净化生物检材（血浆、尿）中的甲醚菊酯、灭扫利、功夫、二氯苯醚菊酯、安绿宝、速灭杀丁和敌杀死。通过气相色谱氢焰检测器、非极性熔融石英大口径毛细管柱及程序升温色谱条件，得到较好的系统分离，并测定萃取回收率在81％～93％（血浆）和90％～102％之间（尿）。实验证明，用70％甲醇稀释检材并用氯仿洗脱可得到较完全的吸附和最佳回收率。     

Drugs in motorists traveling Swedish roads: on-the-road-detection of intoxicated drivers and screening for drugs in these offenders

This paper deals with the police officer's or police doctor's ability to find drivers under the influence of drugs. We have also studied whether the protocol on the driver's previous histories of drug intake is useful for directing the chemist in his analytical approach to revealing intoxicants in the suspects' body fluids. A comprehensive procedure for screening traffic-hazardous drugs in the urine was found necessary and is described. By using this method, we have studied the incidence of drunken drivers with detectable medicinal or illicit agents. The results demonstrate that 91% of those drivers found by the officer or doctor of the police to be on intoxicants other than ethanol, carried some kind of traffic-hazardous drug in their body fluids, and that the doctor was a better judge than the police in identifying these offenders. By using a series of chemical methods for drug screening, we found that every third driver suspected of drunken driving due to ethanol, but not to other intoxicants, held some kind of a traffic-hazardous drug substance in his urine; benzodiazepines and cannabinoids were the most common findings. The data imply that 34% of these suspects revealed their intakes of traffic-dangerous intoxicants. We conclude that the judgements of both the officer and doctor of the police are needed for an efficacious detection of drivers under the influence of drugs. Moreover, the results infer that the chemist has to screen for intoxicants to reveal these in a suspect driver. We also conclude that drugs, particularly the benzodiazepines or cannabinoids, may be commonly encountered in drunken drivers, suspected of being inebriated by ethanol but no other toxicants.     

高效液相色谱法分离测定药酒中乌头碱的含量

目的建立药酒中乌头碱的高效液相色谱快速分析方法。方法以白酒添加乌头碱对照品对药酒样品的前处理方法、仪器测试条件、线性范围、精密度、回收率进行全面考察,建立定量分析方法。对药酒中所含乌头碱的浓度进行测定。结果该方法乌头碱在药酒中的线性范围是0.45～9.0μg·mL-1;日内、日间精密度分别小于3.1%和4.7%;回收率在(97.3±2.8)%以上。结论所建方法实用、便捷,可对药酒中乌头碱的含量进行快速检测。     

当代中国文化形态及其走向

中国的改革开放和社会转型,带来了传统与现代、本土与外来的文化交汇,催生了各种不同的文化形态,这大致可分为主流文化、精英文化与大众文化三种形态。社会和谐发展的前提应该是主流文化、精英文化与大众文化良性互动。然而在全球化背景下,这三种文化形态内部关系紧张,同时精英文化与大众文化深受消费主义的影响,出现了精英文化商品化与大众价值观扭曲现象,这是今后我国社会主义文化发展繁荣亟需解决的重要课题。