恢复性司法程序之思考

本文对恢复性司法程序的内容、制度基础以及历史渊源进行考察,并对恢复性司法程序的利弊加以分析,最后论述在我国构建恢复性司法程序的障碍及有利因素的基础上,提出了构建该程序的初步设想。     

公检法三机关分工、配合、制约原则质疑

公检法三机关分工、配合、制约的原则是特定历史条件下的产物,在当时的历史条件下有其合理因素,但不能否认这一原则背离了诉讼的基本原理,也与现代刑事司法价值观不符,已不适应作为基本原则在刑事诉讼中的规定。应重塑公检法三机关的关系,构建一体化的检警关系格局,实行起诉书一本主义,提高犯罪嫌疑人、被告人诉讼地位,扩大辩护律师的刑事诉讼中的参与范围。     

论刑事法的公正、功利价值

公正与功利是刑事法追求的两大价值目标。处理公正与功利关系应建立在两项原则基础之上 :一是刑事法各具体原则的运作都应以保障最低限度的公正与最低限度的功利为基础 ;二是公正与功利价值关系的定位因刑事法的内部关系不同而有异 ,在刑事实体法中 ,追求的是“功利优先 ,兼顾公正” ,而在刑事程序法中 ,则是“公正优先 ,兼顾功利”。     

农民上访、法律援助与司法公平

信访是一种低效率的和具有人治性质的救济方式,但农民却对此乐此不疲,其中重要的一个原因是:司法是一种昂贵和复杂的救济机制,由于我国法律援助的供给严重不足和分配不平衡,这使很多贫困农民无法获得公平的司法救济,从而踏上上访之路。在建设新农村与和谐社会的过程中,国家一定要重视法律援助工作。     

谈恢复性司法之利弊

恢复性司法是以对被害人的赔偿为前提,以对犯罪人的悔罪基础,以对被破坏的社会关系的修复为目的对传统的报复性司法进行检讨的基础上衍生出来的一种替代性刑事案件解决机制。笔者从中国国情从发,重点对恢复性司法之利弊关系进行粗浅的探讨。     

刑法解释的正义性追问

刑法解释作为联结刑事立法和刑法适用的桥梁和纽带,是揭示作为法理念的正义的重要途径。作为法律的评价体系和评价标准,正义内生于法律文本之中,而外现于法律解释之外。刑法解释的正义化要求做到:为符合解释的实质性正义,刑法解释应以理性的、客观的、公正的视角去看待并观照刑法,以达人性化和谦抑性的要求;为符合解释的形式性正义,刑法解释应满足刑法文本字义的最大射程,并在字义不能自足时,以历史和社会的眼光遵从解释的程序性原则规定;为最大化地实现刑法解释实质正义和形式正义的统一,解释者亦应维护刑法的安定与理想,促成刑法正义的实现。     

试论协同型民事诉讼模式的建立

本文侧重论述了未来民事诉讼模式的建立问题。文章认为,长期的职权主义或超职权主义现象应当结束。根据中国的国情、民事诉讼与生俱来的社会公益性以及各国改革的经验,未来的民事诉讼不应该是纯粹当事人主义而应该是协同型民事诉讼模式。     

Bread and roses: Justice and the distribution of financial and socioemotional rewards in organizations

Two studies tested the hypothesis that organizational decision makers attempt to counterbalance contribution-based distributions of financial/material rewards (a “merit” system that creates monetary inequality) with need- and equality-based allocations of socioemotional rewards, in effect allocating “roses” in lieu of more “bread”. Experiment 1 had a two-factor design (Reward Type × Magnitude of Income Inequality); 67 subjects were given a managerial in-basket exercise in which they expressed their preferences for a variety of distributive justice rules for seven different types of rewards. Experiment 2 (N=39) had the same design, with a stronger manipulation of magnitude of inequality. Results of the two experiments were consistent with the counterbalancing hypothesis, irrespective of magnitude of income inequality; financially related rewards (e.g., profit sharing, office space, company cars) were distributed with more emphasis on contribution rules (i.e., performance, status), while more socioemotional rewards (e.g., help for an employee's spouse, friendliness) were allocated with more emphasis on equality among individuals, equality across groups, and personal need.     

Opening a window into police internal affairs: Impact of procedural justice reform on third-party attitudes

The study explores the impact of a procedural innovation on justice judgments made by third party observers. The innovation involved the establishment of a review panel with civilian participants to monitor a police department's investigation of allegations of misconduct against its officers. The study distinguishes the impact on racial minority observers from that on racial majority observers. Data suggest that the innovation had a positive, though differing, impact on the justice judgments of both minority and majority observers.     

Perceptions of global inequality: a call for research

In light of media attention to and growing public awareness of the globalizing economy, a case for the expanded empirical investigation of public perceptions of international income distribution and inequality is presented. Theoretical issues to be illuminated by such studies are considered; exploratory qualitative data are provided to illustrate the rich potential of such research; and a variety of issues that must be addressed when conducting future research in this area are reviewed.