空难概括死亡赔偿金性质及相关问题

空难事故中的概括性死亡赔偿金包括了被扶养人生活费、精神损害赔偿与单纯的 (狭义的)死亡赔偿等内容,应主要和优先用于被扶养人生活费之满足。在有剩余时依次作 为精神损害赔偿金与单纯死亡赔偿金,后者可作为遗产继承。     

保安处分与中国保安性措施改造

保安处分的实质是对具有人身危险性而可能危害社会者施以预防性的隔离排害或禁戒矫治类处遇,以实现防卫社会的目的.保安处分必须由法定主体依法定权限和方式科处.我国存在着类似保安处分的保安性措施.改造现行保安性措施使其成为制度化的保安处分应采取保安处分与刑罚并立于刑事法律体系中的二元制立法模式,保安处分科处条件法定化,科处程序司法化,科学处遇等进路.     

张家山汉简《具律》121简排序辨正--兼析相关各条律文

张家山汉简出土时原顺序已经打乱 ,需要正确排定两简以上的条文编联。研究表明 ,整理小组对 1 2 1简的编联是错的 ,正确的编联应将其与 1 0 7- 1 0 9简构成一条 ,而整理小组原以 1 2 1简作为条文开头的编在一起的数枚简 ,应当以 1 2 2简作为条文的开头。根据律文内部的逻辑结构以及律条文之间的逻辑联系 ,可以认为 1 0 7- 1 0 9简确属具律而非属于囚律或告律。借助学术界已经取得的研究成果 ,还可以进一步理解相关条文中大部分律文规定的真实含义。     

GENERAL STRAIN THEORY: ADDITIONAL EVIDENCE USING CROSS‐CULTURAL DATA*

Data from random samples of residents in major cities of Russia, Ukraine, and Greece are employed to test hypotheses about linkages among objective strain, subjective strain, anger, and criminal probability specified in general strain theory (GST). In addition, the potential conditioning effects of religiosity and self‐control on the strain/criminal probability relationship are investigated. Results show more challenge than support for GST. In particular, all supportive results are for the Ukrainian sample with the Greek and Russian samples providing little confirmation to the study's hypotheses. Although analyses show some support for the basic premises of GST, using a measure of subjective strain does not improve results, and self‐control and religiosity do not seem to condition the effects of strain on criminal probability. Overall, the findings point to contextual specificity of GST as currently formulated and suggest the need for further theorizing.     

精神分析发展心理学:发展脉络与思想内涵

精神分析发展心理学是现代精神分析学的一个独立分支,其创立与发展依赖于两次大的转变,一是从心理病理学到普通心理学的转变,二是从成人精神分析向儿童精神分析的转变.其基本思想内涵主要表现为经典精神分析、自我心理学、客体关系理论以及社会文化学派等各自对儿童内在心理世界的理解、对心理结构的理解、对心理发展动力的理解以及对心理发展阶段的理解.     

略论孟子民本思想的当代价值

以孟子为代表的民本思想是中国传统政治文化中最具进步性的永恒的思想主题,它是以人民为国家政治本体的一种思想体系,是近现代民主的原初观念形态。民贵君轻、民心向背决定政治成败是孟子民本思想的基本理念。孟子为提倡民权提供了一条很好的思路,并提出了以保民、养民、富民、教民为基本内涵的民生主张。从这些政治理念中必将得出具有政治实践意义的结论：为政一切从人民利益出发,一切政治措施必须以人民的利益为归宿,否则就是离民背本。     

The historical variability of the age-crime relationship

Methodological problems arising in fitting nonlinear regressions to a dataset are identified in context of research on the age-crime relationship. A modified chisquare distribution is fit to the age distribution of the seven Index crimes for the years 1952, 1957, 1962, 1967, 1972, 1977, 1982, and 1988 to assess the historical invariance of the distribution. Problematic features of Britt's (J. Quant. Criminol. 8, 175–187, 1992) analysis of the same data are highlighted.Britt states no rationale for the choice of these two functions, but his statement that his findings provide support for Greenberg's (1991) use of the Poisson gamma density to model individual offending patterns and questions Rowe and co-workers' (1990) use of the lognormal density as an appropriate model of individual violent offending suggests that this earlier work motivated his choice. Actually, this earlier work is not relevant to Britt's project. Greenberg (1991) and Roweet al. (1990) were concerned with the distribution of criminal propensities across individuals of a given age, not with the distribution of prevalence or participation rates across the ages, and changes therein over time.     

中国物权法草案的修改意见:总体结构与制定目的

在中国民法典制定进程中,单行法模式也是一种较为现实的选择。全国人大常委会2004年10月15日委员长会议审议稿《中华人民共和国物权法(草案)》采五编制结构,虽不失严谨,但也是作茧自缚。物权法在总体设计上应该采取较为松散的结构模式。一种可供选择的总体结构包括12章和附则,依次为:通则,所有权,关于土地、矿藏、森林、草原、江海湖泊等自然资源的使用,地役权,居住权,典权,抵押权,质权,留置权,让与担保,优先权,占有,以及施行法。作为一部单行法,物权法在第1条中规定立法目的是有必要的。草案第1条规定基本上体现了物权法的价值取向,但也有失宽泛。建议将该条修改为:“为了保护物权权利人的民事权益,明确物的归属,充分发挥物的效用,制定本法。”     

A Retrospective Analysis of Repeated Incarceration Using a National Sample: What Makes Female Inmates Different From Male Inmates?

As a consequence of the War on Drugs, many women experience repeated incarceration. Extant research on habitual offending has mostly focused on male offenders. Drawing upon research on female and male offenders’ recidivism, traditional theories of female criminality and the premises of GST, social control, and differential association theories, we constructed an integrated model to examine risk factors for repeated incarcerations among male and female adult offenders. We used data from the Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities. Our analysis revealed that, similarly to male offenders, female offenders’ repeated incarcerations were statistically associated with drug abuse, exposure to family members’ and friends’ drug addiction, parental incarceration, and unemployment.