论民法典法定离婚理由的设计及残疾人权益保护

正在制定的我国《民法典·婚姻家庭编》(草案)第856条是整个离婚制度的核心。其立法主张和立法技术彰显了整个离婚制度的价值追求和逻辑体系。但是,从整个制度设计上看,其也存在利益失衡和逻辑失范之处。其概括条款"其他导致夫妻感情破裂的情形"缺乏对"重大"和"有责配偶请求权"的限制,整个离婚理由缺乏"苛刻条款"等平衡弱势配偶权益的制度设计。上述缺陷对残疾人离婚权益保护具有负面影响,借助对残疾人离婚案件实证分析所得出的数据,参考世界最新立法例和国际社会最新相关成果,增设"重大情形""残疾人配偶提出离婚需设限制性条件""苛刻条款"以及限缩"第830条重大疾病范围"等立法建议,将对《民法典·婚姻家庭编》(草案)离婚制度构建中残疾人婚姻权益保障有所裨益。     

A Mountain to Climb: The Labour Together 2019 Election Review

The Labour Together review of the 2019 election brings together polling data, survey data, interviews, and submissions from across the Labour movement. An unpopular leader, tensions around the Brexit position, and a manifesto which was not seen as credible, are all found to have contributed to the scale of the defeat, but Labour’s unexpectedly strong performance in 2017 also masked long-term issues in its connection with the electorate and within the party’s campaign organisation. The report attempts to move beyond simply diagnosing the difficulties the party faces, but some of the thorniest issues for the party to resolve are nonetheless left unresolved.     

反不正当竞争法中过错的地位及适用

理论界和司法界对反不正当竞争法中过错的地位众说纷纭.反不正当竞争法源于侵权法但又具有特殊性,其立法模式为行为规制法而非责任承担法,其保护对象为法益而非权利,这种特殊性决定了过错在反不正当竞争法中具有更为重要的地位.梳理各种不正当竞争行为中过错地位的差异,可以发现过错的要求与反不正当竞争法所保护法益的成熟程度呈现反比关系...     

后民法典时代商法独立性的理论证成及其在中国的实现

独立商法的出现既是社会经济发展到一定阶段的必然产物,同时也是各种主客观因素综合作用的结果.商法制度并非完全脱胎于民法,而是有其独立的发展路径.商法一经出现即对社会经济发展、社会结构变化、社会道德观念更新产生了深刻影响.从其历史演变来看,几乎所有文明国家都曾受到商法制度和商法精神的熏陶,对商法的重视程度也与一国社会经济的...     

东北振兴过程中的对外开放:总体思路与对策

改革开放以来,东北地区对外开放程度明显提高。对外贸易发展较快,利用外资规模日益扩大,国际经济合作也取得了一定程度的进展,但不可否认的是,东北地区的对外开放程度在全国仍处于偏低的位置,特别是远远低于东部沿海发达地区。在这种现实状况下,扩大东北振兴过程中的对外开放必须要有新思路,并制定出符合实际情况的政策体系。即应该以形成多层次的对外开放格局、有竞争力的区域对外开放布局、提高对外出口能力和推动出口产品结构不断优化为基本思路,并制定和实施以加强区域内部的协调与合作、加快对东北地区对外开放具有重大影响的基础设施和口岸建设、推动边境贸易快速健康发展等政策措施。     

美国个人提起公益诉讼的程序和制度保障

个人参与公益执法是美国公益诉讼制度的一大特色。美国的法院具有解决政治问题、社会问题的诉讼职能,《行政程序法》、民事诉讼规则以及制定法对个人进行公益执法的法律授权和程序规定,又为个人提起公益诉讼提供了法律依据。美国民事诉讼法律援助制度的建立,公益诉讼案件中律师费用转移制度的设立,以及行政机关对个人进行公益执法提供的援助又为个人提起公益诉讼提供了制度保障。     

论我国基因信息不知情权的确立

基因信息对健康状况具有强烈的预测性,出于诸种原因当事人未必想知晓基因信息.为充分尊重自我决定权,比较法上承认权利人享有基因信息不知情权.基因信息不知情权指权利人有权预先决定是否接受基因信息的披露,其核心要义为“知情拒绝权”.基因信息不知情权旨在保障权利人对基因信息的自主控制,在我国隐私权与个人信息区分规制的立法模式下,...     

The role of the TUC in significant industrial disputes: an historical critical overview

ABSTRACT

Historically the British Trades Union Congress’s (TUC) role in a significant number of major industrial disputes has been subject to both accusations of ‘betrayals’ and ‘sell-outs’ as well as more sympathetic accounts which emphasise the constraints faced by the TUC both in terms of their institutional role and their relationship with constituent unions. Drawing on evidence concerning the role of the TUC in significant disputes including the 1926 General Strike, the strike wave of 1972, 1975–8 Grunwick dispute, the 1978/9 ‘winter of discontent’, the 1984/5 miners’ strike, the 1986–7 News International strike and more recent examples, the paper highlights four constraints on the role of the TUC in relation to major disputes: their political loyalty to the Labour Party; an aversion to defying the law; the avoidance of appearing to challenge state power; and structural constraints to an extent inherent within trade union officialdom.     

Mean Streets Revisited: Assessing the Generality of Rival Criminological Theories

The vast majority of tests of major criminological theories have been conducted on youths in school settings. Following Hagan and McCarthy’s (1997) admonition to engage in “street criminology,” the current study surveyed 254 juveniles drawn mainly from impoverished neighborhoods in Uruguay, who were either confined or in an alternative justice program. Due to limited literacy skills, all youths were interviewed regarding theoretical measures and their delinquent involvement. The results revealed that self-control was unrelated to delinquency in this sample. By contrast, social learning factors and stressful life events were found to increase delinquent participation. The results suggest that the effects of the field’s core theories are general, accounting for as much or more variation in the sample of street youths as among youths attending conventional U.S. schools. The policy implications of the findings are explored.     

论侦查的相对性原理

关于刑事案件的破案率能否达到百分之百 ,在中外均存在着两种截然不同的观点。本文从理论与实践两个层面对这两种观点进行了正反比较 ,提出了较为科学的态度 ,进而升华为侦查的相对性原理。具体而言 ,侦查相对性原理包括侦查对象的相对性与侦查结果的相对性。它对于认识侦查活动与指导刑事司法活动等具有重要意义。