英国法下海盗行为及海盗赎金的评析与最新发展

在向海盗支付大笔赎金后,被海盗劫持的船舶、货物和船员通常会得到释放。支付赎金似乎成为当前解决海盗劫持最不得已却最有效的手段。因此,有关海盗赎金的法律性质也就日渐成为国际社会,特别是船东、货主和保险人关注的焦点。作为一个航运法律强国,英国显然在认定海盗行为和海盗赎金的法律性质上走在了海运国家的前列。因此,了解英国保险法下对海盗行为及海盗赎金的认定对于中国航运法律与实务大有裨益。根据英国上诉法院在2011年初对the“Masefield v．Amlin”案的二审判决,对包括海盗赎金的合法性和公共政策,在海盗劫持下的财产是否构成全损,以及是否可以将海盗赎金认定为共同海损抑或是施救费用等问题加以分析和阐述。     

Portfolio Allocation and Policy Compromises: How and Why the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats Formed a Coalition Government

The question of ‘who gets what?’ is one of the most interesting issues in coalition politics. Research on portfolio allocation has thus far produced some clear‐cut empirical findings: coalition parties receive ministerial posts in close proportion to the number of parliamentary seats they win. This article poses two simple questions: Why did the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats agree to form a coalition government and, secondly, did the process of portfolio allocation in the United Kingdom in 2010 reflect standard patterns of cabinet composition in modern democracies? In order to answer these questions, a content analysis of election manifestos is applied in this article in order to estimate the policy positions of the parties represented in the House of Commons. The results show that a coalition between the Tories and Lib Dems was indeed the optimal solution in the British coalition game in 2010. When applying the portfolio allocation model, it turns out that the Conservatives fulfilled the criteria of a ‘strong party’, implying that the Tories occupied the key position in the coalition game. On account of this pivotal role, they were ultimately able to capture the most important ministries in the new coalition government.     

监狱传统政策目的之检讨——当代监禁思想的理论反思

监狱是人类社会文明的镜子,它既是文明产生的标志,也反映着社会最丑陋的现象。长期以来,监狱承载着一般预防和特殊预防的政策目的,但不断上升的犯罪率和监狱的人满为患促使社会开始反思：监狱能够在多大程度上落实刑事政策目的;监狱面临的现实困境;如何面对、认识和运用监禁刑等等。本文在对监狱所遭受质疑进行全面分析的基础上,对监狱的传统政策目的进行了反思。     

Contextualizing sentencing disparities: using conjunctive analysis of case configurations to identify patterns of variability

Using national data from felony cases processed in state courts (n = 48,006), the current study investigates the nature and magnitude of contextual variability associated with sentencing outcomes. Multivariate models are first estimated to identify the main effects of various offender and offense variables on sentencing decisions. Conjunctive analysis is then used to evaluate the contextual variability of each of these main effects across all observed combinations of offender and offense attributes. Separate analyses are also conducted among states with and without mandatory sentencing guidelines to explore whether these guidelines reduce this variability across different contexts. Findings from this study and its comparative methods are discussed in terms of implications for future research on criminal sentencing and assessing the contextual variability of the main effects of particular legal and extralegal factors.     

计算机公共技能课程改革探讨

"计算机公共课技能训练"课程改革,其内容针对我院非信息技术类专业学生的计算机技能培养。目前高职高专计算机应用基础教学课程的教学目标以提高学生就业能力为目的,以一系列贴近实际应用的案例为主线,通过任务驱动的教学模式组织教学。     

《监狱法》修改的总体构想

当前急需对现行<监狱法>进行修订,提高<监狱法>的法律规格、法律效力,充实和细化<监狱法>的内容,加强其可操作性①.对于<监狱法>的修改,本文建议在保留原有体系结构的基础上,增加监狱人民警察的职权、义务,监狱服刑人员的权利、义务,劳动改造,心理矫治,执法监督等专章,在”狱政管理”部分增加监狱侦查和档案管理两节.     

Gender and general strain theory: A preliminary test of Broidy and Agnew's gender/GST hypotheses

Some scholars argue for sex-specific explanations of criminal behavior, while others opt for more general theories of crime. In this article, we elaborate on recent explorations of gender differences in general strain theory (GST). Using data obtained from self-report interviews of delinquent youths, we implemented measures of strain, negative emotions, and coping resources to examine sex differences in GST-related processes across both interpersonal and property offending. The results offer some support for Broidy and Agnew's gender/general strain hypotheses and, at the same time, offer modifications and extensions for future research on GST.     

国际商事仲裁规则中庭审程序法律问题研究

国际商事仲裁规则所涉及的庭审问题较多,但颇具代表性的问题主要是仲裁程序通则以及仲裁审理范围书问题.仲裁程序通则主要解决的是整个仲裁庭审程序所应遵循的基本原则问题,其主要涉及当事人决定仲裁程序的权利、仲裁庭对当事人的平等对待,以及仲裁庭适当进行仲裁的权力这三个方面.仲裁程序通则所确定的平等对待当事人以及适当进行仲裁的原则,对于贯彻仲裁当事人意思自治原则以及推动仲裁程序的顺利进行,均具有重要意义和价值.仲裁审理范围书是国际商事仲裁院所独有的一种仲裁庭审程序,目前虽还未具有普遍适用的价值,但对于其他国家和地区仲裁机构完善仲裁庭审程序应具有一定的借鉴意义.     

论知识产权法与反不正当竞争法的适用关系

将法律之间交叉领域的基本关系概括为一般法与特别法的关系以及一般法律竞合的关系,前者适用规则为特别法优先于一般法,后者当事人可自由选择适用.认为知识产权法与反不正当竞争法之间整体上不存在一般法与特别法的关系;就具体法条而言,大多数相关法条之间也不属于一般法规与特别法规的关系,应按照一般法律竞合处理两法交叉领域的法律适用问题,由当事人自由选择.如此总结知识产权法与反不正当竞争的关系,既能理顺并简化法律的适用,又能反映我国司法实践.     

国际旅游岛发展通用航空产业的法律探讨

我国启动的低空空域管理制度改革给海南发展通用航空产业提供了良好机遇。建设海南国际旅游岛,可以充分利用经济特区立法权,认真规划海南通用航空产业的发展,制定海南发展通用航空产业的政策和地方法规,鼓励海南通用航空及其产业链发展,推出海南高端的空中旅游项目,使海南成为国家低空空域管理改革的先行试验区。