全球化语境下中国民族精神的危机与重构

民族文化是培育民族精神的沃土,民族精神则是民族文化的灵魂。在全球化语境下,中国的民族精神出现了“认同危机”与“失范危机”交织并发的现象。前者表现为文化认同危机,社会认同危机,国家认同危机,政府权威认同危机和政治信仰认同危机。后者表现为公民意识的缺失,民族文化主权的部分丧失,社会诚信资源严重匮乏和道德失范。这些危机会侵蚀公民对国家、社会、民族和政府前途的信心,败坏民族的基本素质,消解中华民族参与全球化竞争的努力。中国要冲破民族精神危机的藩篱,就要在树立“文化主权”意识的基础上,重新谋划文化安全战略和整合民族文化,建立文化创新体系和公民诚信体系,培育公民意识和新道德规范,重构富有竞争力的中华民族精神机制。     

对我国刑事诉讼法第206条之质疑——兼谈审判监督程序审级制度的改革

我国刑事诉讼法第206条规定了再审程序的审级应同已生效的普通程序审级相一致.这给实际操作带来了困难,造成诉讼周期的相对延长、刑事诉讼的"N"审终审、国家司法资源的无谓浪费等不良后果.文章建议对我国刑诉法之206条予以修改,使审判监督程序非依赖于再审案件在普通程序中的终审审级,而实行"一审终审"制度.     

全球化语境与中国当代文学的"民族性"

在全球化和各种"现代主义"的话语霸权下,中国当代文学的"民族性"并没有衰退或丧失,却在一个潜在的"世界性"背景下展示出中国生活和民族性格的特征。全球化文化思潮和文学的"民族性"之间既是侵蚀和被侵蚀关系,也是相互吸收和融合的过程,后者是在和前者的不断冲突和矛盾中被显化。作家对文化之间碰撞的感受力成为文学作品是否具有"民族性"的关键。     

对《宪法》"序言"和"总纲"的修改建议

改革初期制定的现行<宪法>已经基本上完成了其历史使命,应当对其进行全面修改了.<宪法>"序言"中有关历史的叙述、个人的名字、阶级斗争的文字等内容应当删除,并增加国家性质、精神文明等内容;"总纲"部分在基本保留原有条文的基础上,其结构应有较大调整,先后顺序需重新排列,有些在其它章节规定的条文(如国旗、国徽、首都,国籍,修宪程序等)应放在"总纲"中较为合适,有些内容如经济制度应当作大幅度删减.     

Self-control Depletion and the General Theory of Crime

Criminological research on self-control focuses mainly on self-control failure. Such research has not, however, investigated the consequences of exercising self-control for the individual doing so. The present study investigates this issue within the framework of both criminological self-control theory and research on self-control depletion from social psychology, which depicts self-control as akin to a “muscle” that is “depletable” by prior use [Muraven and Baumeister (2000) Psycholog Bull 126:247–259]. Results are presented from a laboratory experiment in which students have the opportunity to cheat. Both “trait self-control,” as measured by the Grasmick et al. [(1993) J Res Crime Delinq 30:5–29] self-control inventory, and “self-control depletion” independently predicted cheating. The implications of these findings are explored for criminological perspectives on self-control and offender decision-making.

The Effects of Scale Carving on Instruments Assessing Violence

Little research has examined the properties of survey instruments when the full instrument is not administered (scale carving). The purpose of the present study was to test scale carving effects on survey instruments. Participants completed carved and whole versions of two instruments measuring violent behaviors and attitudes at two sessions. Findings indicated that administering select subscales rather than the entire instrument affects psychometric properties of certain instruments. For instance, mean scores of certain instruments differed depending upon whether the instruments were administered in their entirety or in carved versions. Reliability coefficients did not differ between carved and whole versions, and correlation coefficients were moderate. Therefore, psychometric properties of carved instruments should be assessed prior to their use in research.     

Sixth Graders’ Conflict Resolution in Role Plays with a Peer,Parent, and Teacher

This study used conflict resolution role play vignettes and self-report surveys of 450 New York City 6th graders to examine associations between adolescents’ conflict resolution efficacy and social skills. Vignettes covered 3 social contexts, conflict with a peer (disagreement over activities), with a parent (raise in allowance), and with a teacher (low grade on report). Effective and ineffective strategies for resolving these conflicts were coded from the videotaped interactions. Adolescents were more often effective in resolving conflict with peers than with parents (χ²(1) = 7.10, p < .01). Strong communication skills cut across interpersonal context as associated with effective resolution. Assertiveness and absence of aggression were associated with effective conflict resolution in vignettes with peers. Assertiveness was also associated with effective conflict resolution in vignettes with parents, however nervousness was unexpectedly found to facilitate conflict resolution in vignettes with parents. Only skills observed within a particular context were associated with effective resolution in that context; self-report skills and cross-context observed skills were not associated with efficacy. Implications for implementation and evaluation of social skills curricula and conflict resolution process are discussed.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the meetings of the Society for Research on Adolescence, New Orleans, LA, April 2002Received Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology from Teachers College, Columbia University in 2004. Research interests include adolescent social competence and youth development programs.Received Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology from Pennsylvania State University in 1991. Research interests include the psychosocial correlates of puberty, stress reactivity, and health compromising behaviors and adjustment.Received Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology from Teachers College, Columbia University in 2002. Research interests include social competence, prevention research, and women’s health.Received Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology from Teachers College, Columbia University in 2002. Research interests include social competence, prevention research, and women’s health.Received Ph.D. in 1975 from University of Pennsylvania in Human Learning and Development. Research focus centers around designing and evaluating interventions aimed at enhancing the wellbeing of children living in poverty and associated conditions. Conducts research on transitional periods during childhood and adolescence, focusing on school, family and biological transitions in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Specific interests are in the factors that contribute to positive and negative outcomes, and changes inwell-being over these years.Received Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology from Columbia University in 1977. Research interests include tobacco, alcohol, and drug abuse prevention, violence prevention, AIDS risk reduction among adolescents, health promotion and disease prevention, smoking cessation.     

"真"的含义和语境--兼论实践批判理论的本体论特点

真善美的真实含义、演绎过程和历史语境,在中西方思想中有着明显区别.马克思主义的实践批判理论是构成当代中国语境中的真善美及其统一形式的根据.实践批判意义上的真善美与中国传统文化的历史发展基本趋向相一致,是一种体现人类生存真实意义的实践过程.     

"三个代表"的重要思想与新世纪共青团建设

按照江泽民总书记"三个代表"的重要思想,共青团就要增强党性意识、强化政治性的基本方向;体现党的要求、把握先进性的基本前提;服务青年权益、体现群众性的基本属性;适应新的形势、突出创新性的基本要求.从而建设一个用邓小平理论武装起来的、能跟随党走在时代前列、深深根植于青年群众、团结带领广大青年为建设有中国特色社会主义事业而奋斗的共青团.     

论一般人格权制度的适用——以德国法之做法为参考

具体人格权的法定化要求一般人格权的承认。与具体人格权相比,一般人格权具有极大的抽象性与可扩展性。德国民法理论与司法实践对一般人格权适用与运行机制的把握,既保证了一般人格权制度适用上的广适性,也保证了其适用上的妥帖性。此种做法应由我国民法典立法予以借鉴。