Towards a school constitution for freedom -- a comparative analysis in Western and Eastern Europe

This article shows the recent European discussion on and developments in the reform of school government and administration. This reorganisation is directed at reducing state influence and widening self-responsibility of schools. It is a part of a general development towards decentralisation and deregulation, subsidiarity and plurality in civil society. This overview, with illustrations from different countries, shows a general agreement in Western and Eastern Europe that the humanisation of education must also be promoted through liberalisation and democratisation of decision-making. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

简述狱政统计的调查与分析

狱政统计是对狱政管理工作进行全面、系统、准确调查分析的方法,是研究狱政现象数量方面的专业性工作。搞好狱政统计,是实现监狱工作法制化、科学化的客观要求。狱政统计调查是狱政统计整理和分析研究的前提,肩负着提供狱政统计基础资料的任务。狱政统计分析是狱政统计研究的最后阶段,也是提供狱政统计研究成果的阶段。采取正确的分析方法,从各个不同方面对狱政现象进行综合的分析研究,才能全面、深入地认识问题。     

关于企业边界的理论评述与思考

企业边界理论存在的不足主要有:交易成本经济学缺乏环境变化的动态分析;新古典理论对不少现象缺乏解释力;竞争优势理论缺少深度分析;迈克尔的分析框架不能解释中国的现实问题。鉴于企业边界问题复杂而动态,因此企业边界的理论研究有待进一步深化。     

对江门市直党政机关竞争上岗几种评价结果的比较研究

用积差相关和纯相关法,对江门市直机关机构改革竞争上岗的五项指标进行分析,结果表明,群众在平时与演讲答辩时对竞争者评价标准趋于一致;领导在组织考察后对竞争者的评价,与群众在演讲答辩后对竞争者的评价关系不密切;领导在组织考察后对竞争者的评价,与演讲答辩后考官的评价不密切;领导在组织考察后对竞争者的评价与群众平时对竞争者的评价关系不密切;群众平时对竞争者的评价,与演讲答辩后考官的评价之间关系不密切;演讲答辩后群众对竞争者的评价,与考官对竞争者的评价之间关系不密切。     

发射光谱分析微量油漆串并系列盗枪案

目的检验4个现场提取的残留油漆,为系列枪支被盗案件串并案提供依据。方法发射光谱分析油漆微量元素成份。结果4个现场提取的油漆微量元素成份一致,根据痕迹特征,属同一种工具所致。结论该方法经济快速、灵敏度高、用材量少,适用于微量元素分析。     

对加入WTO后流动人口犯罪的社会学分析

加入WTO以后,随着经济、社会的巨大变化,流动人口犯罪将会成为困扰我国社会治安的突出问题之一。在“与狼共舞”的过程中,如何防范和控制流动人口犯罪,维护社会稳定?本文从社会学的视角,对其进行了分析,并提出了基本思路。     

Sex Differences in Age Patterns of Delinquent/Criminal Careers: Results from Poisson Latent Class Analyses of the Philadelphia Cohort Study

Applications of latent class analyses to the study of criminal careers have yielded results with implications for criminological theory. Distinct latent classes of individuals within various samples have been identified based upon the similarity of individuals with respect to their rate of offending across the teen and adult years, net of the effects of other regressors. In previous research on samples of males taken from the cities of London and Philadelphia, four and five such categories have been identified respectively, ranging from a group of nonoffenders to a group of chronic offenders. However, the question of whether similar findings hold for females has not been adequately addressed, in part due to the scarcity of longitudinal samples with sizable female populations. Data from the Second Philadelphia Cohort are used to address this and related questions. First, are there latent classes of female offenders? Second, if such categories do exist, how do they compare? Third, how do classes of male and female offenders compare on key measures of criminal careers? Analyses of the samples yield differing numbers of classes for males and females. Gender invariances as well as differences in patterns of offending are also found and are discussed.     

生物检材中的液化石油气成分的土顶空GC/MS分析

目的 建立测定人血中液化石油气(LPG)主要成分的定性定量方法。方法 将LPG添加到血中,用综合质谱图及保留时间定性、单离子法定量分析。结果LPG的7种主要成分血中最小检出限为12.8～31.3ng;仪器最小测量限为1.02～3.36ng。结论 土顶空-GC/MS法测定人血中LPG,简便、快速、准确,适用于LPG成分的检测。     

Identifying Unit-Dependency and Time-Specificity in Longitudinal Analysis: A Graphical Methodology

Longitudinal analysis in criminology and other social sciences has become an important research tool because it allows us to draw conclusions from observing how multiple units change over time. Unfortunately, its results are more vulnerable to potential influences of unusual observational units or periods of time. Current leverage diagnostics are designed for cross-sectional analysis and are fallible when applied to longitudinal models. This article introduces a graphical diagnostic methodology to systematically examine the sensitivity of longitudinal results to extreme observational units and periods of time—unit-dependency and time-specificity. Further the article illustrates its use with an example testing policy effects on black and white female victimization of intimate partner homicide. Results are displayed in an easily understood graph that provides a snapshot of the results' time-specific patterns and robustness to unit-dependency. Currently, comparable tests for panel analysis are tedious and cumbersome. With this new illuminating methodology, researchers and policy-makers can easily decide whether a time-specific or unit-dependent pattern is consequential.     

The multidimensionality of crime: A comparison of techniques for scaling delinquent careers

The construction of typologies of criminal behavior can benefit from the use of multidimensional analytic methods. Yet while some studies have applied such techniques to crime data (e.g., Shortet al, 1963; Nutch and Bloombaum, 1968; Chaiken and Chaiken, 1982), few have examined the assumptions of these methods as they apply to arrest histories. We argue that arrest histories represent a special form of data that are not ideally suited to standard multidimensional analyses. An examination of the different theoretical assumptions of factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, and variance centroid scaling (a form of correspondence analysis) reveals marked difierences in what is being uncovered by the analysis. In general, these claims are supported by an application of each technique to the arrest histories of 767 chronic juvenile delinquents.