The roadmap to net-zero emission: Do geopolitical risk and energy transition matter?

Global crises have heightened policy uncertainties and efforts to address global climate change. Limited evidence exists in the literature on geopolitical risk's direct and indirect roles in addressing global emissions. In this study, we examine whether geopolitical risk could impede or facilitate efforts to attain a net-zero emissions target through energy transition using panel data for 42 countries from 1990 to 2020. Various econometric techniques were applied in this study to present robust findings and reliable conclusions. Estimates from the Driscoll-Kraay, Lewbel two-stage least squares and method of moment regression techniques consistently showed that countries' geopolitical risk directly increases emissions (total greenhouse gas, carbon, methane, and nitrous oxide). At the same time, energy transition, measured with renewable energy consumption, mitigates these emissions. In addition, evidence from the partial linear functional-coefficient model technique indicates that renewable energy consumption consistently mitigates emissions when geopolitical is minimal (at a minimum and mean level). However, the role of renewable energy consumption in reducing emissions becomes weaker when geopolitical risk is heightened—thus, when geopolitical risk reaches its maximum level. We recommend that efforts to sustain renewable energy transition and maintain geopolitical stability are vital for achieving net-zero emissions and climate change mitigation.     

Political ideology and nuclear energy: Perception,proximity, and trust

Political ideology is an increasingly powerful force in support of public policy. Historically, nuclear energy has found more support among political conservatives. This study updates the literature on political ideology and support for nuclear energy by examining how political ideology is associated with perceptions of nuclear energy and trust of nuclear information sources. After excluding participants with incomplete data, and participants within 50 miles of a nuclear reactor, the analytical sample size for the analysis examining political ideology and perceptions of nuclear energy was 4153. The analytical sample includes a total of 1035 participants within a 50-mile radius of INL, 710 participants from within Idaho who lived further than 50 miles from INL, 1899 participants from other states (more than 50 miles from a nuclear reactor), and 509 Non-Idaho participants living within 50 miles of a nuclear reactor. Logistic regression was used to determine how political ideology was associated with perceptions of nuclear energy and trust in different sources regarding radioactive waste, after controlling for demographics and location. While liberal participants near INL were less favorable towards nuclear energy, and more trusting in impact scientists to tell the truth about radioactive waste than their conservative counterparts, this was not consistent across the US. Our findings reveal the complexity of political ideology and the perceptions of nuclear issues and how proximity influences perceptions. The perceptions of political moderates were particularly important in providing a more complex understanding of political ideology and nuclear energy issues.     

Eliciting preferences for land use alternatives: A structured value referendum with approval voting

This article discusses an experimental application of the Structured Value Referendum (SVR) with approval voting. The decision context is selecting the best land use for an undeveloped area of publicly owned suburban land in Richmond, British Columbia. Subjects were a random sample of 200 registered voters, selected in a "mall‐intercept" format. Subjects reviewed relevant information, completed a ballot, and then completed a survey about their satisfaction with the approval voting format. The results are of substantive interest for the land use decision, and show a high preference for an approval voting format. The results show ease in understanding the task and information provided, as well as a belief that this approach could be useful in guiding public policy. © 1999 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.     

在网络化环境中提高图书分类质量的几个问题

在新世纪网络化环境中, 做好图书分类工作直接决定和影响着图书馆整体工作的水平。要切实提高图书分类质量, 图书馆就要关注和把握几个重要问题 (1) 提高分类质量的基础和前提是熟悉和掌握分类法;(2) 提高分类质量的有效途径是制定与完善本馆的分类细则; (3) 提高分类质量的保证是严格遵循图书分类工作程序; (4) 提高分类质量的关键是不断提高分类人员的综合素质和能力。     

创造国际直接投资新环境开拓中俄经贸合作新局面

中俄两国经贸关系走上了正常发展的轨道,相互投资成为深化两国经济关系的重要内容。国际直接投资是突破贸易壁垒、进入一国市场的重要手段,也是稳定中俄经济关系的根本基础。中俄相互投资存在经济转轨尚未完全实现、法律法规不健全、缺乏有效的筹资渠道、沟通渠道不畅等制度性和基础性障碍。为促进中俄两国相互投资健康、快速发展,应在签定双边投资协定、建立中俄商业协会、开辟投资融资途径、相互建立工业园区以及举办投资洽谈会等方面构建相互投资的宏观环境。     

网络环境与国际民商新秩序的构建

网络环境带给人们快捷高效的同时 ,也带来了法律冲突问题。因特网的国际性决定了构建国际民商新秩序必须依靠国际社会的协调与合作 ,而这种合作的价值定位应该是寻求国际社会的整体利益和国家利益之间的动态平衡。     

论通过首长负责制实现环境善治

我国在"十一五"规划中将节能减排作为约束性的指标,取得了良好的环境治理效果.这一做法的成功之处是实行了节能减排责任制,实行行政问责制.这些做法体现了责任政府的要求,抓住了环境治理问题的核心,发挥了行政首长负责制的优势,提高了各级政府的行政执行力.在今后的环境治理中,我们需要对这一制度加以完善,如扩展环境指标的范围、完善环境问责的对象和追究程序等.     

公共部门劳动关系的法律环境及其调适

《劳动合同法》第二条第二款规定的公共部门①劳动关系,在外观上与企业内劳动关系并无差别。但因用人单位的特殊性而导致这类劳动关系具有区别于企业劳动关系的某些特质。公共部门劳动关系存有区别于企业内劳动关系的法律环境,在协调机制也有自己的特点,需要针对公共部门劳动关系的特质而采取不同的员工激励方式。     

巴西环境保护法律机制评析

20世纪60—70年代巴西创造了经济奇迹,同时,也带来了严重的环境污染和环境破坏。为应对环境问题,巴西确立了体系完整、规范细密的环境保护法律体系,但由于受历史因素和旧制度惯性以及官员腐败的影响,由环境行政和环境司法构成的法律实施机制未取得较好成效。为此,巴西提出了与时俱进的环境政策。但其环境保护法律机制经常受到经济发展政策的干扰,不能充分发挥作用。今后,巴西环境诉讼有待完善,环境行政执法能力有待提高,尤其是法律实施机制的基础性制度及其他相关制度需要不断完善。     

简论加强我国围海造田的科学管理

当前,中国围海造田活动呈现出速度快、面积大、范围广的发展态势。尽管围海造地的经济效益明显,但其对海洋生态环境造成的影响却是灾难性的。本文分析了围海造地对海洋环境、海洋生态、海洋资源的不利影响,以及围海造地与其它海洋产业之间产生的矛盾和对我国气候带来的不利影响,并借鉴国外围填造田管理的成功经验,提出制定适合我国国情的《围填海管理法》等对策建议,以期加强我国围填造田管理,使之更好地服务于我国新时期的现代化建设。