Green for gold: social and ecological tradeoffs influencing the sustainability of the Brazilian soy industry

In this study we assess the sustainability of the Brazilian soy industry over the past 40 years in comparison to alternative land uses. We conclude that Brazilian soy production performs as well as or better than sugarcane or cattle production in a number of areas, including macroeconomic contributions, local economic development and land use efficiency, though it involves similar tradeoffs between growth and equity, and food production and conservation. While there is no evidence that soy has reduced food security in Brazil, tax redistributions and value-added activities from soy remain limited, particularly in comparison to sugarcane production. Emerging environmental governance measures have helped to reduce the land cover impacts from soy; however, little effort has been taken to minimize the impacts of intensification.     

大学生创新能力培养体系探索--以化工学科学生为分析视角

世界创新发展形势,社会发展全局,推动创新发展愈加成为国家和民族未来发展的重要战略。化工学科是以基本专业知识为基础进行实验研究的创造性学科,注重发展学生的发散性思维、实验能力、创新能力,培养适应时代需要的创新性、实用性人才。课题通过研究创新能力的概念、剖析化工学科学生创新能力培养现状及原因、探讨具体解决措施及方案、总结创新能力培养经验,对指导当代大学生创新思维、创新能力的培养具有重要意义。     

注重实效与建构的高职综合英语教学改革与实践

从高职综合英语课程定位起笔,着重从教学目标、教学环境、教学活动和教学评估等方面,分析高职综合英语学科教学应以构建学生实际综合素质,培养英语语言技能和思维习惯等为出发点和落脚点。通过建设重实效重建构的精品课程来实现这些教学策略与目标。     

网络环境下私人复制著作权问题研究

在网络环境下,传统著作权法中为个人目的使用作品属于著作权限制的原则开始动摇。网络环境下对待私人复制的态度应以利益平衡原则为指导,在原则上将其纳入合理使用范畴时,给予一定限制。网络环境下私人复制及相关行为应区分不同情况确定其行为性质。为更好地调整因私人复制产生的社会关系,我国应利用《著作权法》第三次修改的大好时机对相关问题进行修改和完善。     

论高等院校的数字图书馆

数字化信息技术的发展推动了图书馆的发展,使一个全新的图书馆—数字图书馆脱颖而出。全文从几个方面论述了高校数字图书馆。数字图书馆是全球信息化历史背景下的必然产物,是图书馆发展的方向和目标。     

Global Sustainable Development Governance: Institutional Challenges from a Theoretical Perspective

This paper submits that efforts to achieve sustainable development at global level call for, inter alia, institutional reform. It argues that there is no optimal institutional design, and that different schools of thought have different perspectives of the future. It briefly presents the history of institutional evolution in the area of sustainable development up to the latest developments in the context of the UN World Summit on Sustainable Development. This history sets the context for the rest of the discussions. It then presents a taxonomy of the various options suggested in the literature for improving the institutional structure of the United Nations in order to achieve sustainable development. This paper critically examines the feasibility of these options from the perspective of the different schools of thought in international relations theory. It argues that from the point of view of idealistic supranationalists, a hierarchic supranational environment and/or development organisation should be established to integrate and coordinate activities in the UN in order to promote sustainable development governance. It argues that from a realist/neo-realist and neo-liberal institutionalist approach, coordination, whether hierarchical or horizontal, is doomed to failure. From a historical materialist approach all efforts at institutional design are likely to lead to asymmetrical results reflecting global power relations. This paper concludes with a speculative argument that institutional design is not a question of the best architectural option, but calls for multiple pathways including strengthening of individual organisations, promoting the progressive development of the law of sustainable development, developing a high level advisory body to advise the Secretary General, promoting the concept of the decentralised network organisation and possibly finding ways to cluster regimes. The effectiveness of these multiple efforts are dependent on the support of civil society. In order for sustainable development to take the key concerns of developing countries into account, it is necessary that institutions are able to represent the variety of views of their members and that countries develop good policies domestically.     

社会主义和谐文化建设的三个重要表现层面探讨

社会主义和谐文化建设,是一个包含多方面内容的系统工程。其中,形成良好的和谐文化氛围、营造和谐的舆论环境、形成和谐社会风尚等,是社会主义和谐文化建设的三个重要表现层面。我们应抓好这三个重要表现层面的工作,建设好社会主义和谐文化,为社会主义和谐社会建设服务。     

WTO与地方制度创新

地方制度创新在转型期具有重要作用,加入WTO改变了地方制度创新的外部环境,并对地方制度变迁模式形成冲击。在WTO规则的约束条件下,中央和地方制度创新的差异具有新特点,地方制度创新既有来自预期利益的推动力,又有来自财政、既得利益及政绩考核的压力。地方政府必须在意识形态、政府自身、法律、社会及市场等方面进行制度创新,以适应新的环境要求。     

陕西人口与生态环境现状及评价分析

人口、资源、环境构成生态环境系统的基本要素,对人口与生态环境现状的评价可以通过分析人口与资源、环境协调发展现状来实现。运用指标体系综合评价方法分析,陕西人口与资源协调发展水平越好,人口发展对生态环境脆弱性影响越小;反之影响越大。     

关于吉林省科技人才队伍建设的思考

培养人才，增强科技人才队伍的后续力量，开发吉林省科技人才队伍潜能，全面提升其综合素质，是振兴吉林老工业基地战略目标实现的重要保证。本文结合振兴吉林老工业基地的实际需求，对吉林省科技人才队伍建设，提出以下三个方面的建议和思考。