Measuring Environmental and Economic Opinions about Hydraulic Fracturing: A Survey of Landowners in Active or Planned Drilling Units

We investigate how Eastern Ohio landowners affected by the recent boom in high‐volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) view the industry and the factors that affect their attitudes. Our unique sample almost exclusively contains individuals whose land is under lease for and/or experiencing HVHF. Nation‐ and state‐wide surveys that investigate HVHF attitudes tend to find nearly even splits between opposed and supportive respondents, whose views are strongly influenced by political partisanship. These trends largely do not manifest among Eastern Ohio landowners, for whom personal experiences with HVHF crucially influence attitudes. Most respondents support HVHF and say it has benefited their community economically. Political partisanship does not significantly impact HVHF views. Contrary to arguments in the literature that economic considerations drive variation in support for HVHF, landowners’ support for the industry also appears influenced by perceptions of its environmental and infrastructure impacts. Environmental concerns appear to more powerfully shape attitudes than economic benefits.     

THE IMPACT OF CONTINUING EDUCATION TRAINING ON LAW GUARDIAN KNOWLEDGE,EFFICACY, AND PRACTICE BEHAVIORS

There is an increased demand for law guardians in domestic violence cases, especially those involving child witnesses. Training is required for law guardians to meet child clients’ needs. While workshops and conferences are typical venues for continuing education training, their effectiveness is unknown. This pilot study compared law guardians who attended a conference on community violence and children to nonattendees on several training outcomes. Results showed a positive impact on attendees’ feelings of efficacy and intentions to carry out new practice behaviors post‐conference; differences were maintained at follow‐up. Limitations and implications of this pilot study are discussed.     

从奥特克案看外国临时仲裁裁决在我国的承认与执行

德国奥特克公司向我国法院申请承认与执行由临时仲裁庭在伦敦做出的仲裁裁决的案例,不仅涉及临时仲裁机构裁决的法律效力及其在我国的承认与执行问题,还涉及包括临时仲裁机构与常设仲裁机构裁决的效力、含有仲裁条款的合同与仲裁协议的成立时间、仲裁条款独立原则在仲裁与审判实践中的解释以及如何确定国际商事仲裁程序的适用法律等有关仲裁的基本理论与实践问题。对这些问题的探究有助于解决临时仲裁庭仲裁裁决在我国的承认与执行问题。     

走出仲裁的单一化－我国建立临时仲裁制度之思考

临时仲裁有着悠久的历史 ,其在解决各种经济贸易纠纷中起着重要作用。世界上绝大多数国家以及相关的国际公约都既有机构仲裁又有临时仲裁制度 ,中国却只有机构仲裁 ,对临时仲裁较陌生。本文在对两者进行剖析比较的基础上指出我国建立临时仲裁制度之必要性和可行性 ,以期引起共鸣。     

Knowledge of Brahman as a solution to fear in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa/Br̥hadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad

In The Varieties of Religious Experience, William James suggests that the human experience of a fundamental and existential uneasiness can be found at the core of most religious traditions, and that these traditions constiute essentially a proposed solution to this uneasiness. The present investigation focuses upon the notion of uneasiness, particularly fear, and its solution in the early Hindu tradition. Through a close examination of textual expressions of both desire and fear from the R̥gveda, the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, and the Br̥hadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad, it is proposed that “liberation” in the early Upaniṣadic period, or at least the precursor to the traditional notion of liberation, actually meant freedom from fear, rather than freedom from karma or saṁs̥ra. The Br̥hadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad suggests that the origin of duality is desire, and duality necessarily results in fear. By relinquishing the sorts of desires so frequently expressed in the earlier vedic literature, together with an understanding of the essentially non-dual relationship between the ātman and brahman, a state of complete freedom from fear (abhaya) may be achieved.     

如何完善我国老年人监护制度中的监护人制度

随着我国老龄人口的逐年增加，人口老龄化所带来的问题日益成为困扰我国社会的发展。其中，老年人的合法权益的保护问题日渐突出，而如何通过法律手段完善老年人监护制度来切实保障老年人的合法权益，也成为我国立法者应当仔细思考的一个重要问题。我们通过分析目前我国老年人监护的现状和老年人监护制度中存在的各种问题，来探讨应当如何完善我国的老年人监护制度中的监护人制度．以期为更好的保护我国老年人的各项合法权益提供有效的法律保障。     

对临时仲裁制度的法律思考

临时仲裁协议以及裁决的效力承认与否,直接影响到当事人权利义务关系能否实现,因此从法律上思考研究临时仲裁制度具有十分重要的意义。本文对临时仲裁的历史沿革及其优劣进行了总结,结合《承认及执行外国仲裁裁决公约》、《联合国国际商事仲裁示范法》及商事仲裁制度发达国家的立法规定及实践做法等,在我国现行的仲裁立法只规定机构仲裁的情况下,对我国临时仲裁制度的法律渊源、相关实践以及由此对民事主体的权利影响作一探讨,并对临时仲裁制度在我国的发展趋势作一分析。     

不应被淡化的侵权责任能力——对侵权责任能力制度若干功能的考察与审思

侵权责任能力在我国侵权法上的地位和作用正在被淡化,但是这种现象并不合理。侵权责任能力作为一种独立的民事能力,其在本质上是一种过错能力。侵权责任能力具有独特的应然功能,亦有着相当重要的体系功能。侵权责任能力可使过错侵权责任的认定及承担具有合理性,能够实现侵权法的利益平衡等功能。侵权责任能力与民事权利能力是历史上形成的两个具有特定内涵、发挥特定功能的法学/法律概念,二者之间并不存在逻辑上的包容关系。     

精神障碍患者非自愿收治程序设计的若干法律问题研究(上)刘瑞爽

对于精神障碍患者的非自愿收治,应注意保障患者的人身权利,尤其是合理程序保障的权利。比较分析国际上的各国立法,在收治程序各个环节上,均须体现出对人权的保护,其主要问题有：制定强制收治的标准、送治主体、收治主体、初步裁定的步骤和时限、对初步裁定的救济、法律代表人制度、司法审查的介入（或独立第三方的介入）、危险的证明、避免无限期拘留而进行的后续定期审查、患者方获取信息的权利保障、上诉等。我国应坚持程序正义原则,借鉴国际上先进立法经验,弥补我国精神障碍患者非自愿收治程序设计的立法漏洞。     

论过失犯罪中的注意义务

过失犯罪从意志因素上说表现为行为人不履行其应当履行的注意义务。注意义务是我国刑法规定的“应当预见”的另一层涵义。注意义务是过失理论中一个比较重要的问题 ,本文拟就注意义务的内容、注意义务的渊源、注意义务的履行三方面作一探讨。