试论准自首的理解与适用

理解和适用准自首的重点在于基于主体人身状态差别所形成的“具体行为的自动投案”即被动归案这一本质特征,从立法完善的角度看,将准自首适用的主体范围界定为“被关押的人员”,更为妥当。在准自首成立的罪行供述条件部分,对司法机关的范围应当结合具体个案的实际情况具体分析,有关司法机关的解释将“其他罪行”限定为“不同种罪行”,不尽合理。     

有罪推定基本问题研究

广义的有罪推定,从涉及的文化场域划分,可划分为宗教意义、伦理意义、法律意义和日常观念上的有罪推定.在历史上,它们之间互相影响,甚至混合,并且在功能上具有正、负的二元性,在特定的法律文化中,甚至具有多元性功能.对有罪推定的研究有助于了解其残余形式的源流,也为理解和贯彻无罪推定原则提供了理论前提.     

Examining the relationships between sub-clinical psychopathic traits with shame,guilt and externalisation response tendencies to everyday transgressions

Although many theories of psychopathy include reference to some form of emotional deficit, surprisingly little research has examined the relationships between psychopathic traits and important self-conscious moral emotions such as shame and guilt. The present study sought to examine these relationships in a sub-clinical sample, taking into account the important theoretical differences between the two emotions. Participants (N = 739) completed a measure of psychopathic traits and a measure of self-conscious affect style. Both primary and secondary psychopathic traits were found to be inversely related to guilt-proneness; however, the effect size was greater for primary psychopathic traits. Primary psychopathic traits were unrelated to shame-proneness, while secondary psychopathic traits were positively related to shame-proneness. Both primary and secondary traits were positively related to externalisation; however the effect size was greater for primary over secondary traits. The findings provide support for affective differences between psychopathy variants.     

Guilt and the origins of modern law

Abstract

Tracing the history of legal concepts from the decline of European feudalism to the Reformation, this paper examines ways in which the concept of guilt shaped the first evolution of modern law, and it claims that the early revolutionary junctures in the construction of the law were centred around specific and distinctive conceptions of guilt. It argues that, through the history of medieval and early-modern European society, the law learned positively to abstract and account for itself through internally formative exchanges over the subject of guilt, and changes in law's observation of guilt reflected a growing refinement in law's societal sensibility, in its inclusivity, in its patterns of imputation and in its positive powers of self-legitimation. Guilt formed the term around which the law enacted the necessary stages of its social adaptation and produced constructs to underwrite the requirement for general, abstracted and positively inclusive law that constitutes modern society. The ultimate result of guilt's evolution as a legal figure became visible in the fact that the law progressively intensified its positivity and inclusivity, and it amplified the legal and normative resources that it permitted modern societies to store, utilize and reproduce.     

Implicated: a review paper on guilt

Abstract

The review article examines three books about modern guilt. Each author comes from a different country: Schlink from Germany, Bruckner from France, and Chiarot from the United States. These works either point to or exemplify the problems implicit in concepts of universal guilt. The article explores ways in which each account reflects particular national preoccupations: the German reckoning with the Nazi past, the reassertion of France's global and historical role, and the American culture wars. The article concludes by recognising the importance of Schlink's impulse to deal with guilt scrupulously within the law, while sharing his doubts as to whether legal ways of dealing with guilt can be entirely adequate.     

中国古代的罪疑惟轻

“罪疑惟轻”是中国古代疑罪处理的代表性观点。它主张当犯罪事实不能确定时，对嫌疑人从轻处罚。“罪疑惟轻”的观点是对司法实践中疑罪从轻的认可，与传统法律文化中的中庸思维、有罪必罚等观念有着密不可分的关系，对古代疑罪处理的模式和司法官员的疑罪处理观念产生了深远的影响。     

Guilty and innocent suspects’ strategies during police interrogations

Abstract

Deception detection has largely failed to investigate guilty and innocent suspects’ strategies. In this study, mock suspects (n=82) were interrogated by police trainees (n=82) who either were or were not trained in the technique to strategically use the evidence (the SUE technique). Analyses revealed that guilty suspects to a higher degree than innocent suspects applied strategies in order to appear truthful. Guilty suspects reported diverse strategies, while innocent suspects reported the strategy to tell the truth like it had happened, indicating a belief in the visibility of innocence. The realism in the suspects’ expectation about how their veracity was judged was largely dependent on the way in which they had been interrogated. The truth-telling suspects who were interrogated according to the SUE technique were optimistic about being judged as truthful; this optimism was warranted as the vast majority of them were classified as truthful. The SUE technique seems to help (a) spotting guilty suspects without them being aware of it and (b) spotting innocent suspects, and they become aware of it. That innocent (but not guilty) suspects can read how the interrogator views them is advantageous for the investigative process.     

论罪刑相适应的标准

没有一个统一确定的标准,则罪刑相适应在刑法立法中便无法构建而在刑法司法中便无法实现,故标准的问题是关涉罪刑相适应原则的根本性问题.本文结合贝卡利亚、康德和黑格尔等前人的论断论证了罪刑相适应的标准是犯罪的社会危害性,并且作为该标准的犯罪的社会危害性是一个增添了人身危险性即再犯危险性这一新内涵的犯罪的社会危害性.接着,通过与"两个配刑基准论"的商榷进一步论证罪刑相适应的标准应具有唯一确定性.