美国命案状况及趋势分析

以美国联邦调查局“统一犯罪报告”中的命案统计数据为依据，介绍并分析了美国命案的发案及破案的最新状况和趋势，并对命案的某些重要特征进行了必要的分析。分析结果显示，同我国的“命案必破”相比，美国近些年来的命案发案率和命案侦破率均出现了下降的趋势。     

从实战要求出发谈警察手枪概略射击训练

警察概略射击技术是一切应用射击技术的基础。概略射击科目的训练，是精度射击向应用射击过渡的必经之路。通过合理的概略射击训练，能够使民警熟练掌握应用射击科目中基本的瞄准、击发技术，使警察能够将射击训练的成果较好地应用于执法战斗实践，更好地适应执法战斗对于警察临战用枪的复杂要求，顺利完成训练成果到战斗能力的转化。     

用射人客体深度测算枪支杀伤力

目的　研究涉案枪支的杀伤力鉴定标准。方法　采用直尺测量方法 ,分别测量制式枪弹、送检枪弹射入同一客体的深度及送检枪弹径。将制式枪弹各数据及送检枪弹径代入新公式 (d1/d2 ) 0 75(h1/h3) 0 7=v1m1/ 5 .2 4d2 ,得出送检枪具有最低杀伤力时射入客体深度h3,该深度标准与送检枪弹射入客体深度h2 比较后可判断杀伤力。结果　该方法计算出的h3值为一区间范围 ,若被检枪弹射入客体深度在区间右侧 ,有杀伤力 ,在区间左侧 ,无杀伤力。结论　用射入客体深度进行枪支杀伤力鉴定 ,方法简单、实用 ,有助于探讨建立枪支杀伤力标准。     

Point blank against itself: Evidence and inference about guns,crime, and gun control

This essay considers the empirical foundations for some of the more important and controversial conclusions concerning guns, crime, and gun control advanced in Gary Kleck’s highly influential treatise,Point Blank. We reveal significant flaws in his original data analyses and identify problematic linkages between his evidence and his inferences. We suggest alternative interpretations for some of Kleck’s findings.     

Planned Complex Occupation‐related Suicide by Captive‐bolt Gunshot and Hanging*

Abstract: Planned complex suicides are committed by using two or more previously planned methods simultaneously to make sure that death will occur even if one method fails. Herein, we presented a case of occupation‐related planned complex suicide, committed by captive‐bolt gunshot and hanging. A 29‐year‐old man, who worked as a butcher, was found dead in the stable, hanging by the neck with a captive‐bolt gun embedded in the forehead region of his head. The hanging was complete. Along the bolt canal were bone fragments, and at the end of the path was the punched‐out fragment of the skin and soft tissue. There were no fractures of the hyoid bone and laryngeal cartilages, and a superficial hemorrhage was present in the right sternocleidomastoid muscle. Our case underlines the utility of forensic autopsy and death scene investigation in reconstructing the mechanism of death, as well as the dynamics of the event.     

非法持有枪支、弹药罪的适用问题探讨

在刑法中设置非法持有枪支、弹药罪的立法意图,是以堵截构成要件对涉及枪支、弹药案件的犯罪人逃漏法网的可能进行堵塞拦截,因而在司法适用中应当着力体现这一意图。     

谈自动枪支的自动原理

自动是指枪支利用火药燃烧产生的气体压力自动完成部分或全部射击循环动作的过程。不同种类的枪支结构及自动原理有所不同。刑事验枪人员应对枪支的自动原理及枪支结构进行研究,并在此基础上进一步研究枪弹痕迹的形成及变化,为搞好刑事验枪工作打下坚实的基础。     

An Unplanned Complex Suicide by Multiple Blank Cartridge Gunshots and Cutting

Blank firing guns are readily accessible in most countries due to an absence of legal regulations. These weapons are capable of causing lethal injuries. We report a rare case of secondary (unplanned) complex suicide committed with a knife and blank cartridge pistol. A 59‐year‐old man was found dead with three superficial incisions in his neck and a gunshot wound to the chest. The external examination revealed an entrance wound in the left chest region consistent with contact shooting. The appearance of a muzzle imprint suggested two discharges. The autopsy showed a slightly hemorrhaged but otherwise intact pericardium, blood in the pericardial sac, and a channel‐like defect in the anterior wall of the left cardiac ventricle. The cause of death was attributed to cardiac tamponade. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of unplanned complex suicide involving an unmodified blank firing gun.     

215例枪支上接触DNA检材的检验分析

目的分析215例枪支上接触DNA提取、送检及检验结果,探讨枪支上接触DNA检出情况及可能影响检验结果的影响因素。方法收集自2013年以来受理的215例涉案枪支上接触DNA检材,按照提取部位、检出率、送检时间、检验方法进行分类并对数据进行统计分析。结果215例接触DNA成功检出35例,检出率为16.28%;枪支上不同部位接触检材的检出率无明显差异;硅膜法与改良硅珠法的检出率无明显差异;送检时间早的检材检出率高于送检时间晚的检材并具有统计学意义。结论枪支上接触DNA的检出率与提取部位、送检时间、检验方法等因素有关,日常类似检材应合理提取、及时送检并采取正确检验方法。