Automatic Refractive Index Measurement of Glass particles

An automatic instrument for Glass Refractive Index Measurement (GRIM), developed by Foster and Freeman Ltd., has been evaluated and adapted to meet the requirements of the UK Forensic Science Service. The apparatus is microprocessor controlled and uses the signal from a CCTV camera to detect the match temperature of the glass. Prototypes were evaluated at the Metropolitan Police Forensic Science Laboratory, at the Central Research Establishment, Home Office Forensic Science Service and at the Home Office Forensic Science Laboratory, Aldermaston. The performance of GRIM was compared to that of the Mettler apparatus currently in use with special regard to precision and long-term stability. GRIM was found to be well suited for operational use.     

油浸法鉴别汽车后视镜玻璃的研究

目的研究油浸法对汽车后视镜玻璃的鉴别能力。方法应用油浸法对20种汽车后视镜玻璃进行折射率值测定并用t检验法对数据进行处理。结果在置信度为95％时，20个后视镜玻璃样品的区分率为97．9％。结论油浸法对汽车后视镜玻璃有很好的区分能力，而且使用样品量少，可以达到微克级，是一种鉴别后视镜玻璃的有效方法。     

ISFG: Recommendations on biostatistics in paternity testing

The Paternity Testing Commission (PTC) of the International Society for Forensic Genetics has taken up the task of establishing the biostatistical recommendations in accordance with the ISO 17025 standards and a previous set of ISFG recommendations specific to the genetic investigations in paternity cases. In the initial set, the PTC recommended that biostatistical evaluations of paternity are based on a likelihood ratio principle – yielding the paternity index, PI. Here, we have made five supplementary biostatistical recommendations. The first recommendation clarifies and defines basic concepts of genetic hypotheses and calculation concerns needed to produce valid PIs. The second and third recommendations address issues associated with population genetics (allele probabilities, Y-chromosome markers, mtDNA, and population substructuring) and special circumstances (deficiency/reconstruction and immigration cases), respectively. The fourth recommendation considers strategies regarding genetic evidence against paternity. The fifth recommendation covers necessary documentation, reporting details and assumptions underlying calculations. The PTC strongly suggests that these recommendations should be adopted by all laboratories involved in paternity testing as the basis for their biostatistical analysis.     

中国财富分布规律的实证研究

文章利用2003-2005年间《福布斯》公布的中国大陆富人榜的排名研究我国财富的分布，实证结果表明我国的财富分布服从幂律分布。通过计算得到我国财富分布的Pareto指数在0.98-1.21之间，从拟合优度可以看出幂律拟合高水平财富分布的尾部情形比较好。我国财富分布的Pareto指数较美国和英国的小，但是比印度的大，说明我国的贫富差距比美国、英国要大，但是要小于印度的贫富差距     

对《全国报刊索引》数据库发展的探讨

《全国报刊索引》数据库作为检索工具在图书情报机构应用的非常广泛,成为人们进行数据查新、查全的有利工具。本文主要就《全国报刊索引》数据库目前存在的问题及如何更好地适应信息社会发展需要提出了一些建议。     

An updated validation of Promega's PowerPlex 16 System: high throughput databasing under reduced PCR volume conditions on Applied Biosystem's 96 capillary 3730xl DNA Analyzer

The PowerPlex 16 System from Promega Corporation allows single tube multiplex amplification of sixteen short tandem repeat (STR) loci including all 13 core combined DNA index system STRs. This report presents an updated validation of the PowerPlex 16 System on Applied Biosystem's 96 capillary 3730xl DNA Analyzer. The validation protocol developed in our laboratory allows for the analysis of 1536 loci (96 x 16) in c. 50 min. We have further optimized the assay by decreasing the reaction volume to one-quarter that recommended by the manufacturer thereby substantially reducing the total cost per sample without compromising reproducibility or specificity. This reduction in reaction volume has the ancillary benefit of dramatically increasing the sensitivity of the assay allowing for accurate analysis of lower quantities of DNA. Due to its substantially increased throughput capability, this extended validation of the PowerPlex 16 System should be useful in reducing the backlog of unanalyzed DNA samples currently facing public DNA forensic laboratories.     

血中乙醇质量浓度与神经行为能力的关系

目的 研究血中乙醇质量浓度与神经行为能力的关系。方法 采用中文第三版计算机化神经行为测试评价系统（NES-C3）,通过自身对照的方式,对233名饮酒者进行神经行为能力的测试。结果 当血中乙醇质量浓度I〉0．157mg／mL时,视简单反应时和数字筛选能力指数有显著性下降;当血中乙醇质量浓度I〉0．204mg／mL时,心算、视觉保留、线条判断能力指数有显著性下降。结论 神经行为能力随着血中乙醇质量浓度的升高而下降,然后随着乙醇的不断代谢,血中乙醇质量浓度的降低,神经行为能力逐渐恢复。     

Is there a Common Path that could have Conditioned the Degree of Welfare State Development in Latin America and the Caribbean?

The purpose of this paper is to re‐examine from a multidimensional perspective the possible existence of a single path that could have conditioned the degree of welfare state development (WSD) in Latin America. Economic/industrial development, trade‐openness, democracy and the strength of leftist parties‐labour movement are used as explanatory variables in the qualitative comparative analysis. In contrast to previous findings, this paper shows that there is no evidence of a common path followed by countries with a relatively high/medium WSD. Nevertheless, countries that experienced a low economic/industrial development combined with a low democratic experience were conditioned to have low WSD.     

Forensic Applicability of Femur Subtrochanteric Shape to Ancestry Assessment in Thai and White American Males

Ancestry assessment from the postcranial skeleton presents a significant challenge to forensic anthropologists. However, metric dimensions of the femur subtrochanteric region are believed to distinguish between individuals of Asian and non‐Asian descent. This study tests the discriminatory power of subtrochanteric shape using modern samples of 128 Thai and 77 White American males. Results indicate that the samples' platymeric index distributions are significantly different (p ≤ 0.001), with the Thai platymeric index range generally lower and the White American range generally higher. While the application of ancestry assessment methods developed from Native American subtrochanteric data results in low correct classification rates for the Thai sample (50.8–57.8%), adapting these methods to the current samples leads to better classification. The Thai data may be more useful in forensic analysis than previously published subtrochanteric data derived from Native American samples. Adapting methods to include appropriate geographic and contemporaneous populations increases the accuracy of femur subtrochanteric ancestry methods.     

当代警察素质综合评价

当代警察的素质是未来公安战斗力的核心组成部分,分为政治素质、法律素质、科技素质、专业素质、身心素质和 职业道德六个方面,以此为基础建立分层的评价指标体系,利用灰色评价理论进行警察素质的综合评价。