排序方式： 共有87条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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目的 探讨行人交通事故和致伤车辆类型的关系,总结其规律.方法 回顾90例行人交通事故案例,分析致伤车辆、损伤部位、损伤特点、严重程度之间的关系. 结果 不同类型致伤车辆所致的撞击伤好发部位取决于受撞击时人体的姿势和车头突出部位的高度,其损伤特点与作用力大小、方向和接触面光滑程度相关. 结论 通过对行人撞击伤的损伤部位、损伤特点、严重程度的分析,可以推断致伤车辆类型. 相似文献
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目的：研究大鼠骨骼肌机械性损伤后不同时间点多形核白细胞（polymorphonuclear leucocytes , PMN）、单个核细胞（mononuclear cells,MNC）及成纤维样细胞（fibroblastic cells,FBC）百分率的变化。方法建立大鼠骨骼肌机械性损伤动物模型,随机分为伤后6h、12h、1d、3d、7d、10d、14d及正常对照组。应用HE染色法和图像分析检测大鼠骨骼肌损伤后不同时间点PMN、MNC及FBC百分率。结果伤后6~12 h,损伤区内可见PMN和MNC浸润,PMN百分率达到峰值;伤后1 d,损伤区内主要以MNC浸润为主,MNC百分率达到峰值,而PMN百分率开始下降;伤后3~7 d,FBC百分率开始逐渐增加,PMN和MNC百分率则逐渐下降;伤后10~14 d,FBC百分率达到峰值。结论大鼠骨骼肌损伤区内PMN、MNC及FBC百分率呈时间规律性变化,有望成为骨骼肌损伤时间推断的参考指标。 相似文献
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目的研究大鼠双后肢挤压伤后肺、肝细胞的凋亡过程,探讨挤压伤损伤机制。方法建立大鼠双后肢挤压伤模型,采用TUNEL法对大鼠肺、肝细胞凋亡进行检测,免疫组织化学法检测凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-2、caspase-3的表达。结果与对照组相比,损伤组大鼠双后肢局部肌肉组织明显损伤,肺、肝细胞凋亡明显增多(P0.05),凋亡相关蛋白Bax上调、Bcl-2下调、caspase-3被激活(P0.05)。结论大鼠双后肢挤压伤后引起肺、肝细胞凋亡明显增多,可能是损伤释放的相关因子介导了细胞凋亡的发生。 相似文献
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作者在全身麻醉及无菌条件下,通过在大白鼠背部皮肤造成的切创创口,于伤后不同时间杀死.每组中1只于处死前8小时注射秋水仙碱以观察核分裂.取损伤处皮肤,经福尔马林固定、石蜡切片、HE染色、Gorden和Sweet染色(网状纤维)、Weigert染色(弹力纤维)、PTAH染色(纤维蛋白)和Van Gieson染色,于显微镜下观察.结果发现创口逐日缩小,但其中24小时创口较12小时创口有所扩大,伤后第6～7日创口呈突击式缩小.通过组织学变化观察,作者对创口收缩现象在判断损伤时间的意义及形成机理作了讨论. 相似文献
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Marzia Vassalini M.D. Andrea Verzeletti M.D. Francesco De Ferrari M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(6):1568-1574
A retrospective study was carried out on postmortem examination data of 131 sharp force‐related casualties recorded by the Brescia Institute of Forensic Medicine between 1982 and 2012. The objective was to identify relevant parameters that may be used to distinguish the manner of deaths between homicide, suicide, and accident. The following variables were considered: manner of death; demographic data; scene; type of sharp object; location and numbers of wounds; the presence of hesitation marks/defense wounds; toxicological findings; psychiatric history. There were 92 homicides, 28 suicides, and 11 accidents. Most victims were male, with an average age of 43. Injuries in isolation were present in 9.8% of homicides, in 35.7% of suicides, and in 54.5% of accidents. Most injuries involved the left anterior chest in homicides and the forearms in suicides. This study underlines the importance of a meticulous postmortem examination of injuries on the body and their relationship with other results from the death scene investigation. 相似文献
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Ponni Arunkumar M.D. Aniello Maiese M.D. Giorgio Bolino PhD Lorenzo Gitto M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(5):1373-1379
Cases of multiple (considered 2+) self‐inflicted gunshot wounds are a rarity and require careful examination of the scene of occurrence; thorough consideration of the decedent's psychiatric, medical, and social histories; and accurate postmortem documentation of the gunshot wounds. We present a series of four cases of multiple self‐inflicted gunshot wounds to the head from the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office between 2005 and 2012 including the first case report of suicide involving eight gunshot wounds to the head. In addition, a review of the literature concerning multiple self‐inflicted gunshot wounds to the head is performed. The majority of reported cases document two gunshot entrance wound defects. Temporal regions are the most common affected regions (especially the right and left temples). Determining the capability to act following a gunshot wound to the head is necessary in crime scene reconstruction and in differentiation between homicide and suicide. 相似文献
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Michael Heninger M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(2):352-360
The images of 66 gunshot entrance wounds with a defect on the back, a bullet in the body, hemorrhage along the wound track, and logical certainty that it was an entrance wound were collected from the files of a moderately busy medical examiner's office. Participants numbering 22 board‐certified forensic pathologists viewed a single digital archival image of each of the 66 entrance wounds randomly mixed with 74 presumptive exit wounds to determine whether they were entrance or exit wounds. The concordance rate for correctly identifying the 66 logically known entrance wounds was 82.8% with a range from 58% to 97%. This pilot study was conducted to provide an evidence‐based approach to the interpretation of the direction of gunshot wounds by reviewing pathologists with access only to archival photographs, and it is not a measure of the accuracy to distinguish entrance from exit wounds when given all of the circumstances. 相似文献
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Donald J. Johnson M.S. Cheryl Andersen M.S. Katherine A. Scriven M.S. Amberly N. Klein M.S. Mo Re Choi B.S. Cindy Carroll Ph.D. Ray D. de Leon Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(3):735-742
Bloodstain pattern analysis to determine the wound‐of‐origin of bloodstains is problematic with nonspecific patterns. In this proof‐of‐concept study, the authors examined a molecular approach to correlate bloodstains with injuries using the rat as a model. Specifically, investigations were conducted on the rat brain marker, rno‐miR‐124‐3p, with the QIAGEN miScript System and real‐time PCR analysis. Rno‐miR‐124‐3p was detected in brain homogenates diluted 100,000 times; in 3‐week‐old, room temperature stored, simulated brain–blood stains; and in bloodstains from head gunshot wounds collected with swabs and subsequently frozen for 9–18 months; however, rno‐miR‐124‐3p was not detected in whole blood. Proof‐of‐principle was demonstrated by the ability to distinguish bloodstains from a gunshot wound to the head versus bloodstains from a gunshot wound to the chest, by the testing of otherwise identical bloodstains from the two patterns for the presence of the marker. The results suggest a viable approach to a longstanding problem in casework. 相似文献