Technocracy,Politicization, and Noninvolvement: Politics of Expertise in the European Regulation of Chemicals

This article addresses the relationship between scientific expertise and policy in European chemicals regulation. We argue that the role of scientific expertise in the European regulation of chemicals varies across decision‐making levels, countries, and stages of the policy process. Our case study of the role of scientific expertise in the regulation of brominated flame retardants illustrates considerably different manifestations of this interconnected process across regulatory arenas, even though this case concerns a single group of substances. On the European Union level, we find a mix of technocracy and politicization; in Sweden, a clear‐cut politicization; and in Poland, noninvolvement. Such differences can be explained by a combination of factors, in particular frame dominance, and mobilization of advocacy coalitions.     

预防危险化学品运输车辆重特大道路交通事故的主要措施

本文针对我国危险化学品运输车辆重特大道路交通事故的实际情况,探讨了一些预防的主要措施,作为当前研究预防危险化学品运输车辆重特大道路交通事故措施的资料。全文介绍了我国目前危险化学品运输车辆重特大交通事故的后果,提出了预防的主要措施。     

Bureaucratic Discretion and Political Control of the Resource Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA)

Drawing on theories of political control and bureaucratic discretion this research examines two states' experiences with RCRA implementation and administration in the United States. This research finds that both bureaucratic actors and political actors shape the implementation of these environmental programs with money source and regional EPA offices playing a bigger role than expected.     

Channelling Protest in Illiberal Regimes: The Cuban Case since the Fall of the Berlin Wall

Abstract

As part of the strategy for better governance, the European Commission has taken steps towards improved consultation and dialogue on European Union (EU) policy with interested parties. Opening up the policy process and getting interest groups involved are considered important for the democratic legitimacy of EU policy making. This article examines the public Internet consultation on the Commission proposal for a new European chemicals policy, the so-called REACH system. Being one of the most consulted issues in EU history, the chemicals policy review is considered as a critical test for the participatory mechanisms provided by the European Communities. By analysing more than 6000 contributions to the consultation, it is demonstrated that it invited broad participation, although industry was considerably better represented than NGOs and other civil society associations. Moreover, an overwhelming majority of participants were national actors from the largest member states rather than transnational actors. It is concluded that online consultations can invite broad participation in EU policy shaping but it is unlikely to bring about equal participation from different group of actors. Therefore it raises concern when measured against standards of democratic governance.     

Science,Politics, and Persistent Organic Pollutants: The Role of Scientific Assessments in International Environmental Co-operation

International measures to address environmental problems increasingly rely on scientific information, and a growing number of international agreements require periodic scientific re-assessments. However, the arena of scientific assessment, governed by a combination of scientific criteria and political interests, is not well-understood, and few case studies have mapped the influence of scientific assessment on the birth and development of environmental policy issues. This article examines the role of scientific assessments and the science-politics interplay in international attempts to regulate persistent organic pollutants (POPs), focusing on the processes within the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The study shows that scientific and political activities are intrinsically linked in international POPs work. Scientific and political agendas are co-constructed with no clear boundary between the science and politics spheres. Scientific assessments played a prominent role in constructing POPs as an issue of international concern, setting agendas and shaping policies.     

关于公安机关剧毒化学品管理工作的几点思考

剧毒化学品管理工作作为治安管理工作的一个重要方面,目前还存在民警业务知识缺乏,防护措施不到位、剧毒化学品鉴定程序缺失、接收程序不规范、剧毒化学品运输暂存措施缺乏等问题。解决这些问题,既要提高公安机关自身的管理水平,又要发挥政府的职能作用,同时加强与质检、安监、卫生等部门的协作。     

浅论危险化学品运输道路交通安全管理

危险化学品具有爆炸、易燃、腐蚀、放射性,需要特别防护;危险化学品运输交通事故具有复杂性,突发性、破坏性,其发生原因具有多样性、不确定性。改善危险化学品运输道路交通安全管理,建立准入机制,落实危险化学品运输道路交通事故预防工作措施,是减少危险化学品运输交通事故,降低人民群众生命财产损失的有效途径。     

Guilty by Association? The Case of The Karin B Scare

The waste disposal industry is susceptible to bad publicity owing to the nature of the products it is sometimes required to process. At particular risk are companies which treat and dispose of hazardous substances. In this paper we test whether media concerns about public safety arising from the international transfer of hazardous wastes can have a negative impact on the stockmarket valuation of firms and of the waste disposal industry as a whole, even when the affected companies have not themselves broken the law.     

浅论易制毒化学品管制工作存在的问题及对策

我国《易制毒化学品管理条例》实施后,易制毒化学品管理工作出现了许多新情况、新问题,即从业企业人员对易制毒化学品管理工作不够重视,易制毒化学品品种多,管理工作量大,基础工作薄弱,难已摸清企业底数,缺乏相应专业管理人员和技术装备等。为适应当前易制毒化学品管理的需要,应加大其管理的宣传力度,加大专业人员的业务知识培训与配备,健全管理机制,提高管理科技水平,广辟管理新领域。