Blood and bone: body mass,gender and health inequality in nineteenth-century British families

In mid-nineteenth-century Britain, a new institution emerged: the modern prison. Some prisons invested in scales. Upon entry, prisoners were measured and personal details documented. These meticulously compiled records afford a new vantage point from which we can peer into the dynamics of the household. Body measurements – height, weight, and body mass (weight adjusted for height) – connect to both patterns of consumption and health risk. Prison data thus speak to both gender and health inequality in the past. The paper juxtaposes a service economy (Wandsworth near London) with a modern manufacturing sector (Paisley near Glasgow) in order to contrast how economic form and opportunities in the market sector shaped relations and outcomes in the household sector. We find that families bargained over the allocation of resources; that bargaining position was influenced by economic value, mediated by maternal sacrifice; that this was an earner bias rather than gender bias; and that new industrial work for women and children supported a more egalitarian distribution that improved everyone's health status via superior heights and heavier weights. We examine Irish immigrants to assess cultural differences in family behaviour. Finally, the paper offers, for the first time, a detailed interpolation of Waaler's health risk for women.     

China’s Response to the Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa

This article examines the Chinese response to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa, first surveying Chinese interests in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. Many Chinese workers have been evacuated and projects postponed. For the first time, China has extended humanitarian aid to countries facing a public health emergency. China is under pressure to ‘do something’ but faces its own developmental challenges as well as problems of logistics. Chinese knowledge of Africa is still relatively weak and uninformed. Although China’s assistance dwarves that from the other BRICS, the Ebola crisis has revealed problems in Sino-African relations, not least the gap between rhetoric and reality.     

Comparing Electronic News Media Reports of Potential Bioterrorism-Related Incidents Involving Unknown White Powder to Reports Received by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Federal Bureau of Investigation: U.S.A., 2009–2011

There have been periodic electronic news media reports of potential bioterrorism-related incidents involving unknown substances (often referred to as “white powder”) since the 2001 intentional dissemination of Bacillus anthracis through the U.S. Postal System. This study reviewed the number of unknown “white powder” incidents reported online by the electronic news media and compared them with unknown “white powder” incidents reported to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) during a 2-year period from June 1, 2009 and May 31, 2011. Results identified 297 electronic news media reports, 538 CDC reports, and 384 FBI reports of unknown “white powder.” This study showed different unknown “white powder” incidents captured by each of the three sources. However, the authors could not determine the public health implications of this discordance.     

西北农村留守妇女社会支持网络对其心理健康的影响:来自甘肃省的调查发现

本文旨在了解西北农村留守妇女的社会支持网络状况及心理健康状况,并探究其社会支持网络特征对心理健康的影响。通过抽取甘肃省311名农村留守妇女为被试,采用社会支持网络量表和SCL-90量表进行调查,结果发现西北农村留守妇女的社会支持网络表现出规模偏小、强关系成员占多数、异质性较低、趋同性较高的特征;西北农村留守妇女群体的心理健康水平显著低于成年正常女性。此外,研究还发现西北农村留守妇女社会支持网络规模对其心理健康具有显著的负向影响,网络异质性、趋同性与其心理健康也有一定的相关关系。     

监狱人民警察心理健康保障机制的构建与完善

监狱人民警察作为一个特殊的职业群体,集多种社会角色于一身,易产生心理冲突。大量研究表明,心理健康问题正严重威胁着监狱人民警察的生存状态,极大地降低了他们的生活质量,并严重影响其工作热情和效率。加强监狱人民警察心理健康问题研究,构建与完善监狱人民警察心理健康保障机制,具有十分重要的理论意义和实践价值。     

国有企业及科教文卫等行业行政化管理与“官本位”问题研究

由＂官本位＂衍生出来的泛行政化管理已成为影响和制约我国国有企业和科教文卫行业科学发展的最大阻力之一。本文在对我国国有企业及科教文卫等行业行政化管理的表现、问题、产生＂官本位＂的原因、危害进行分析的基础上,借鉴国内外人力资源管理开发的经验与教训,为在这些企业、行业有效防止和克服＂官本位＂消极影响提出了一些对策与建议。     

中国古代文人画家人格建构研究的现代意义及启示

中国古代文人画家的绘画理论中蕴含了相当丰富的颐养心性的思想,这些思想对当代艺术家以及当代人的精神建设是有较高价值的。中国古代文人画家在艺术创作中虚静的心态及对理想人格执着的追求很值得当代艺术家学习借鉴。同时,中国古代文人画家致力于自由、超脱、自我完善的人格建构的精神,追求本真与自由的人生境界对现代人的人格建设也很具有启迪意义。     

改善油田基层乙方员工心理健康的对策分析

作为国有企业,油田肩负着发展中国石油事业的重大责任和使命。然而,油田基层长期奋斗一线的乙方员工因工作性质和工作环境问题,频繁出现紧张、悲观、麻痹、浮躁和不合作等五种不健康心理,对此,要结合管理者、思想政治工作者、心理医生和员工自身四方面的努力,才能逐步改善油田基层乙方员工的心理健康问题。     

监狱中层领导干部心理健康状况与压力管理策略

监狱人民警察作为一个特殊的职业群体,心理问题凸显已是不争的事实。当前监狱中层领导干部的心理健康状况如何,在调查的基础上,从探寻压力源和压力管理的角度入手,探索有效的方法、手段和运行方式,提升监狱中层领导干部的职业素养和领导能力。     

公安院校学生心理健康教育的思考

高校学生的心理健康教育已愈来愈被社会重视,公安院校的学生由于日后所从事的职业的特殊性,要求我们公安院校在对学生进行素质教育,提高学生政治素质、文化素质、专业素质、体能和技能素质教育的同时,必须加强对学生的心理健康教育,以增强学生承受挫折、适应环境的能力,从而提高学生的心理素质。