基于经络平衡的电导法经络测量分析方法对慢性肾病的诊断价值研究

目的 基于经络平衡理论,探究电导法经络测量值的分析方法,考察其对慢性肾病的诊断价值。方法 纳入健康人群82例和慢性肾病人群222例,采用电导法测量手足井穴和原穴的电阻值,分别计算原穴阴阳比值、井穴阴阳比值、原穴手足比值、井穴手足比值、原穴左右比值、井穴左右比值,采用接收者工作特征（receiver operating characteristic, ROC）曲线考察两组差异具有统计学意义的比值对慢性肾病的诊断价值。结果 两组人群在井穴阴阳比值、原穴手足比值方面比较,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。ROC曲线显示井穴阴阳比值的曲线下面积（area under curve, AUC）为0.618,95% CI为［0.537,0.699］（P<0.05）,原穴手足比值的AUC为0.727,95% CI为［0.655,0.800］（P<0.01）。井穴阴阳比值的最优切点是1.16,灵敏度为0.64,特异度为0.52,原穴手足比值最优切点是1.04,灵敏度为0.68,特异度为0.72。结论 慢性肾病患者的经络平衡处于阴盛阳衰、上盛下衰状态,基于经络平衡的电导法经络测量分析方法具有较好的临床诊断效能。     

On the Rights Protection of Vulnerable Groups Under the Prevention and Control of a Public health Crisis: A Literature Review and Perspective for Future Directions

The legal system for prevention and control of a public health crisis rests on two pillars: human rights protection and good governance. This duality is well illustrated by substantively equal treatment of vulnerable groups in a pandemic from the perspectives of public service, social inclusion, accessible environment, gender equality, and right to health. A review of literature on this topic shows that current research needs to address the gap between “life supremacy” and “equal protection” in the area of human rights protection, and the gap between “putting people first” and “strict control at the grassroots level” in the area of good governance. The research should employ intersectional methodology to highlight the rights logic of the socialist legal system and the key role of the Communist Party of China’s leadership in balancing individual versus community rights, enhancing the governance capability for participation by multiple social agents, ensuring equal protection for disadvantaged groups, promoting inclusive and sustainable development, and realizing the common prosperity of all the people.     

The centralization vs decentralization tug of war and the emerging narrative of fiscal federalism for social policy in India

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the relationship between fiscal federalism and social policy in India through an analysis of the effects of a recent effort to increase fiscal decentralization to state governments on the nature of social policy investment at the sub-national level. Through its analysis, this paper highlights the persistence of a strong centralisation bias in India’s fiscal architecture for social policy. We trace this centralisation bias to the political and administrative dynamics of the federal bargain. The peculiar dynamics of this bargain have created a context where the core goal of centralization – to ensure equity – is undermined while the expectation of decentralization – greater accountability through alignment of expenditure with local needs and preferences, fails to take root. India is thus likely to continue to witness significant regional variation in social policy outcomes, despite a centralised financing architecture.     

Cuba's Response to COVID-19: What Underlies its Apparent Success?

Over the last few months extremely positive accounts have been circulating of Cuba's role and approach in the COVID-19 response, both nationally and internationally. A universal healthcare system with family doctors and nurses providing door-to-door services, as well as the swift introduction of measures to control movement have been some of the factors underlying this relative success. However, this success hides the disadvantageous social reality facing the majority of Cubans, including differential access to services, a health system that is struggling and limited choice and freedoms.     

非解乳糖链球菌FGM对大肠杆菌感染肉鸡肠道健康的影响

本试验旨在研究非解乳糖链球菌FGM对大肠杆菌感染肉鸡肠道健康的影响。选用150只1日龄白羽肉鸡,随机分为3组,每组50只,试验期21 d,饲喂基础日粮。1~10日龄时,空白对照组(BG)和模型组(EG)每只鸡每日灌服0.2 mL的生理盐水,非解乳糖链球菌(FGM)组每只鸡每日灌服0.2 mL浓度为1×10^9 CFU/mL的FGM菌液。FGM组和EG组鸡于14日龄时,灌服1次0.2 mL浓度为6×10^8 CFU/mL大肠杆菌O78菌液。分别于攻毒后第0、1、3和7天,观察各试验组鸡十二指肠肠绒毛结构,检测十二指肠sIgA含量、MPO、GSH-PX和SOD活力及T-AOC含量。结果显示,FGM组鸡十二指肠肠绒毛较EG组完整,MPO活力显著低于EG组(P<0.05),sIgA含量显著高于EG组(P<0.05),GSH-PX和SOD活力与T-AOC含量高于EG组。结果提示,分离于鸡盲肠的非解乳糖链球菌可通过保护肠绒毛结构、调节肠道免疫力与抗氧化能力,增强鸡抗感染力,发挥保护肠道健康的效果。     

工会干部心理调适能力刍议

工会干部身处协调劳动关系第一线,肩负重大的社会责任,需要面对各种各样的新情况、新问题,所承受的心理压力越来越大,由此引发的心理健康问题也越来越多,这就需要工会干部学会自我调适,不断提高在各种压力、困难和考验面前自我调适的能力。     

Federalism,Physicians, and Public Policy: A Comparison of Health Care Reform in Canada and Brazil

Abstract

This article uses comparative historical analysis to explore physicians’ involvement in health care reform in Canada and Brazil. Drawing on historical institutionalism, the analysis stresses how, beyond partisanship, physicians build consensus around and promote specific policy ideas, and how federal institutions shape physicians’ mobilization. In both countries, physicians’ mobilization shaped the emergence of universal health care coverage, but in quite different ways, because of the differing federal institutions. Although the Brazilian medical lobby was far more heterogeneous than the Canadian profession, one faction was able to mobilize at the local level to pursue policy ideas favorable to universal health coverage.     

公共卫生应急管理法治体系的优化

每一次重大公共卫生事件的爆发都会引起人们对于公共卫生应急管理法治体系的思考。在新冠疫情防控实践中,我国公共卫生应急管理法治体系为依法防控提供重要保障,但同时也暴露出部分问题,如法律规范存在冲突式缺陷,公共卫生应急管理法短缺,常态化防控法律法规缺失,法律修改和实施机制不健全等。在科学防疫与法治助力的良性互动中,部分凸显问题已经或正在得到弥补和修正,公共卫生应急管理法治体系不断完善。但与以往疫情相比,新冠疫情呈现出高复杂性、长期性、未知性等新特点,既有的法治治理模式不足以应对,必须构建更为强大的公共卫生应急管理法治体系。以习近平法治思想为指导,坚持和加强党的领导,丰富和发展公共卫生应急管理法治体系的内涵,强化紧急时期和疫情常态化阶段法治建设,构建完善的法律修改和执行机制,进一步全面优化我国公共卫生应急管理法治体系。     

Using ‘Public Health Crossings’ to Create Community‐Based Rural Healthcare in Mexico: The Case of Two Health Centres in Xochimilco

Health centres established in Xochimilco, Mexico during the 1930s and 1940s represent a larger shift in the national health agenda from training medical students in rural health to addressing the specific health challenges of rural communities. While the 1935 centre offered urban students practical experience in rural environments, it did not adequately address the area's health problems. In contrast, the 1947 centre utilised improved community exchanges to enhance the region's health and sanitation. This decade of transformation resulted from a network of politicians, international organisations, and health professionals who helped to establish broader community‐based public health programmes in rural Mexico.     

Refugees Who Have Experienced Extreme Cruelty: A Qualitative Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing after Being Granted Leave to Remain in the UK

Abstract

This study explores how vulnerable refugees’ experiences in the first year after being granted leave to remain in the UK impact on mental health and wellbeing. Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with refugee survivors of extreme cruelty. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis with a narrative influence. Reported challenges included requirements to organize housing, finances and welfare benefits rapidly. Most respondents reported low mood, worry, exacerbated PTSD symptoms, physical ailments and isolation, but valued stable housing, meaningful activities, emotional support and service provider sensitivity in managing this transition. Policy and service recommendations are made, to assist integration and improve wellbeing.