心理资本视域下贫困大学生的心理健康教育

心理资本主要包括自我效能感、乐观、希望和韧性。开发心理资本,对贫困大学生克服自卑、消除忧虑心理、增强人生动力和正确看待挫折都具有积极作用,贫困大学生可通过提高自信、增强希望感、开发乐观、增强坚韧性等方法提升心理资本。     

Mobilising evidence in public policy: The contribution of the evidence provider

This article contributes to the conceptualisation of evidence‐based policy through providing a framework of the key factors that influence research utilisation, including those that shape the quality of evidence provided. We apply this framework to an analysis of public policy to regulate the remuneration of freight truck drivers to improve workplace safety in their industry. Recent policymaking concerning the regulation of truck drivers’ remuneration in Australia provides an opportunity to examine the quality and utilisation of research evidence by external evidence providers in opposing political contexts. This article suggests the need for informed and vigilant scrutiny of the contributions of evidence providers to government policymaking, particularly in the case of wicked policy problems about which there are sustained ideological differences that underpin problematisation, research interpretation, and conceivable policy solutions.     

Public Wi‐Fi provision by Australian local government authorities

Investment by Australian local government authorities (LGAs) in public Wi‐Fi (PWF) provision has grown substantially in recent years. PWF represents the first significant venture of LGAs into telecommunications, a field of national jurisdiction, and thus is a precursor of wider local investment in digital communication technologies, particularly the Internet of Things and other ‘smart city’ infrastructure. However, there has been little published analysis of PWF provision and use in Australia. This knowledge gap limits understanding of the rationales, business models, and uses and impact of investment in these networks and offers little guidance for local authorities and communities contemplating wider ventures in the field of digital networks. This article draws on a national survey of PWF provision by LGAs, together with interview data and critical analysis of policy and institutional settings, to present an overview of local PWF provision in Australia. The analysis highlights some familiar problems associated with LGA infrastructure investment and service delivery, as well as some novel challenges posed for local managers by digital communication networks. Following an empirical mapping of PWF provision in Australia, we explore three significant themes that our research in this field highlights: accountability and transparency, competence in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT) and evaluation.     

Regulating Autonomy: An Assessment of Policy Language for Highly Automated Vehicles

Self‐driving cars (also known as driverless cars, autonomous vehicles, and highly automated vehicles [HAVs]) will change the regulatory, political, and ethical frameworks surrounding motor vehicles. At the highest levels of automation, HAVs are operated by independent machine agents, making decisions without the direct intervention of humans. The current transportation system assumes human intervention though, including legal and moral responsibilities of human operators. Has the development of these artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous system (AS) technologies outpaced the ethical and political conversations? This paper examines discussions of HAVs, driver responsibility, and technology failure to highlight the differences between how the policy‐making institutions in the United States (Congress and the Public Administration) and technology and transportation experts are or are not speaking about responsibility in the context of autonomous systems technologies. We report findings from a big data analysis of corpus‐level documents to find that enthusiasm for HAVs has outpaced other discussions of the technology.     

论大数据技术对公安工作的影响

大数据具有的4V特性决定了大数据技术将从多个角度和层面丰富侦查方式,提高了各类案件的侦破效率;以高科技预防高科技犯罪,做到打击迅速、减少损失,还百姓以现实的安全感;整合多种资源,引导社会运转,预见行为规律,构建令百姓满意的和谐治安环境;让公安工作始终开展的公正透明,百姓享有现实与虚拟环境里的平等权利;提供高效的管理手段和模式,不断推动社会管理的创新。全面认识大数据技术对公安工作的影响,有利于推动公安工作上台阶,不断实现新的突破。     

关于工会组织开展职工心理健康方面工作的问题

由于专业化程度不高和时间精力有限,工会工作者不适合做职工心理咨询师,但可为心理健康或处于不健康早期状态的职工提供非专业的心理干预。无论从维护职工合法权益的角度还是从工会组织所具有的优势角度或是从职工需求的角度看,工会组织都应把为职工心理健康服务视为自己的应尽职责。     

The future of crime data

Criminology lacks sufficient data for many types of crime that are of great concern to society. This lack of data poses significant problems for determining whether resources are adequate for responding to these crimes or whether programmatic, legislative, or target-hardening efforts to prevent or reduce their occurrence are effective. Inadequate data about crime also produces a selective and incomplete narrative about crime that makes it easier for political and vested interests to exploit public concerns about crime for their own ends. In this address, I discuss what is needed to resolve these gaps and the ways in which criminologists can support a significant expansion of the crime data infrastructure. Such work is necessary to help ensure the future relevance of criminological research.     

Lowering the age of consent: Legal,ethical, and clinical implications of adolescent-directed therapy

This article discusses a recently enacted Colorado law that aims to reduce the youth suicide rate by lowering the age of consent for psychotherapy from age 15 to age 12. The author discusses the challenges therapists face when young adolescents seek therapy without parental consent in cases involving interparental conflict. Suggestions for managing adolescent-directed therapy are offered.     

商业数据权:数字时代的新型工业产权--工业产权的归入与权属界定三原则

商业数据界权包括确定其权利的性质和权利的归属。个人信息保护和数据安全法律体系的建成,为数据界权提供了新的逻辑起点和法律前提。数据界权首先应基于个人信息与数据、商业数据与公共数据等基本范畴的厘清。基于商业数据的固有性质以及工业产权的历史逻辑和制度内涵,商业数据与信息保护类工业产权具有深度的契合性,有必要将商业数据纳入工业产权序列,作为数字时代具有标志意义的一种新型工业产权,并可以成为与商业秘密相对称的商业数据权。商业数据界权需要确定商业数据的适格性--可保护条件。商业数据的适格性包括受保护数据的合法性、集合性、管理性、可公开性和商业价值性,即以合法形成的规模性数据集合为客体,并采取管理措施的可公开性技术数据和经营数据等信息。商业数据具有单一性、复合性和动态性,商业数据权暗含着所涉权利的分层性,其权属界定应当透过现象看本质,将复杂或者貌似复杂的问题简单化,遵循投入原则、分层原则和责任原则等三原则。     

Chinese warfare and politics in the ancient East Asian international system,CA. 2700 B.C. to 722 B.C.

Ancient East Asia is the second oldest “protobellic area” and pristine state system of international relations within the global international system, after West Asia (ancient Near East). In a previous study Cioffi‐Revilla and Lai (1995) reported the first findings on the origins and evolution of war and politics in ancient China (Legendary, Xia [Hsia], Shang, and Western Zhou [Chou] periods), ca. 2700 B.C to 722 B.C In this paper we make public an expanded data set (N = 104 cases, 12 variables; version 2.0), explaining our sources, measurements, and data quality control procedures. The new data set will permit investigators to test hypotheses about warfare distributions, ethnic and protracted conflicts, time series, periodicity, system dynamics, and structural relationships (e.g., war‐polarity theories). This new long‐range data set should also promote a new stage in comparative analyses of the universal and particular properties of warfare and international systems, both cross‐polity and longitudinally.