高速动车车窗玻璃破损成因研究

本文通过对24例高速动车组车窗玻璃破损现场勘查资料的分析，归纳了车窗玻璃在非人为因素和人为因素两种不同情况下玻璃破损的特点，探讨了动车车窗玻璃破损的机理，提出了勘查此类现场的要点及防范措施。     

新晋本科警察院校教学团队建设研究

教学团队建设作为高校教学质量工程建设的重要内容,其在加强师资队伍建设、提升教育教学质量等方面具有显著成效和作用。但由于新晋本科警察院校本科办学时间相对较短,教学团队建设相对不足,且存在师资队伍素质较低、教学团队管理理念和方式较为落后、办学经费相对较少、制度建设相对滞后以及现有教学团队建设水平较低等问题和不足,难以满足其本科办学的基本需要。因此,各新晋本科警察院校必须从自身实际需要出发,结合教学团队建设的内在规律进行相应的建设和完善,以促进其教育教学水平的整体提升。     

高空抛物致人损害的法律救济

界定高空抛物行为,解读司法实践的二元化判决背后的法理,评析《侵权责任法》第87条的规定,限制该条文的适用范围,分析高空抛物行为责任性质,并认为一定范围内可能的行为人应当分担受害人的损害,而不应当承担连带责任。最后,在肯定现行的法律规定的同时,提出健全保险制度、完善国家责任和督促物业公司和业主建立物业补偿金制度。     

Portable high‐resolution automated 3D imaging for footwear and tire impression capture

The forensic science community raised the need for improved evidence recognition, collection, and visualization analytical instrumentation for field and laboratory use. While the 3D optical techniques for imaging static objects have been extensively studied, there is still a major gap between current knowledge and collecting high‐quality footwear and tire impression evidence. Among optical means for 3D imaging, digital fringe projection (DFP) techniques reconstruct 3D shape from phase information, achieving camera‐pixel spatial resolution. This paper presents a high‐resolution 3D imaging technology using DFP techniques dedicated to footwear and tire impression capture. We developed fully automated software algorithms and a graphical user interface (GUI) that allow anyone without training to operate for high‐quality 3D data capture. We performed accuracy evaluations and comparisons comparing with the commercial high‐end 3D scanner and carried out qualitative tests for various impressions comparing with the current practices. Overall, our technology achieves similar levels of accuracy and resolution with a high‐end commercially available 3D scanner, while having the merits of being (1) more affordable; (2) much easier to operate; and (3) more robust. Compared with the current practice of casting, our technology demonstrates its superiority because it (1) is non‐destructive; (2) collects more evidence detail than casts, especially when an impression is fragile; (3) requires less time and money to collect each piece of evidence; and (4) results in a digital file that can easily be shared with other examiners.     

Estimating Individual Contributions to Complex DNA SNP Mixtures.,

High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of large panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provides an alternative or complimentary approach to short tandem repeats (STRs) panels for the analysis of complex DNA mixture forensic samples. For STRs, methods to estimate individual contribution concentrations compare capillary electrophoresis peak heights, peak areas, or HTS allele read counts within a mixture. This article introduces three approaches (mean, median, and slope methods) for estimating individual DNA contributions to forensic mixtures for HTS/massively parallel sequencing (MPS) SNP panels. For SNPs, the major:minor allele ratios or counts, unique to each contributor, were compared to estimate contributor proportion within the mixture using the mean, median, and slope intercept for these alleles. The estimates for these three methods were typically within 5% of planned experimental contributions for defined mixtures.     

高频超声检查在周围神经损伤鉴定中的应用价值

目的探讨高频超声检查在周围神经损伤鉴定中应用的价值。方法收集38例锐器伤、钝挫伤、骨折及撞击造成的单侧肢体外伤病例,应用东芝Aplio 500型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪进行高频超声检查,将其特征性表现与30例正常周围神经的高频超声图表现进行对比分析。结果经高频超声检查,确诊38例周围神经损伤中发生于颈部5例、下肢5例,上肢27例(肘部以上3例、以下24例)。损伤类型包括卡压性损伤8例、创伤性神经瘤28例、神经完全断裂2例。特征性表现为:卡压性损伤神经受压处变细,近端神经节段性增粗;创伤性神经瘤与神经干相连的梭形增粗段,增粗段神经外膜的线性强回声中断,内部回声紊乱;神经完全断裂表现为神经外膜强回声线与神经纤维低回声束完全中断,断端两侧均呈梭形瘤样改变。结论高频超声能够明确周围神经损伤类型及发生节段,可为法医学人体损伤程度鉴定提供有价值的参考依据。     

高校治理体系和治理能力现代化视域下教代会改革创新 ：理论逻辑与实践指向

从党的十八届三中全会到十九届四中全会,国家治理体系和治理能力现代化从理论内涵到实践路径不断得以明确,为高校治理体系和治理能力现代化指明了方向、提出了要求。民主治理是新时期高校治理现代化的重要方面之一,因此,教代会工作的改革创新也就成为了这一目标下的必然要求。本研究在论证教代会改革创新的理论逻辑必然性的基础上,通过重新审视高校教代会的工作现状和改革创新面临的困境,探讨了加强党对教代会工作的全面领导、完善教代会改革创新的运行和保障机制,以及夯实教代会民主治校工作中源头参与的实效举措这三方面的治理实践指向。     

论劳动学院与中国劳动关系学院的校史渊源

1926年,中华全国总工会在广州创建劳动学院,其在办学理念、办学宗旨、办学目标、办学主体、课程设置、学员管理等方面与中国劳动关系学院及其前身有着明显的校史关联。加之刘少奇在劳动学院、延安工人学校以及全总干部学校之间的传承因素,劳动学院可以被视为中国劳动关系学院办学历史的最早发端,也是全总举办工人干部高等教育的开端。本研究探讨劳动学院与中国劳动关系学院的校史渊源,有助于推动中国劳动关系学院当前的学校建设,推进学校课程思政“立德树人”的建设,呈现出中华全国总工会干部培训事业的发展历程,增进理解中国共产党领导下劳动教育的历史传承,具有强烈的现实意义。     

日本企业高管的薪酬水平及其未向国际高水平靠拢的原因

日本企业员工工资早在20世纪80年代就已经达到世界最高水平的情况下,企业高管年薪一直处于相对较低的水平,并没有向国际高水平靠拢,更没有向美国看齐。这与日本特有的社会意识、传统的经营思想、日本式企业制度、主流经济和民主化改革、法人所有制、没有照搬美国职务工资、董事报酬规程和高管激励机制、政府控制特殊法人CEO年薪、外资企业少以及社会舆论制约等有很大的关系。     

Adolescents’ Educational Outcomes: Racial and Ethnic Variations in Peer Network Importance

Little attention has been paid to the role of peer social capital in the school context, especially as a predictor of adolescents’ academic outcomes. This study uses a nationally representative (N = 13,738, female = 51%), longitudinal sample and multilevel models to examine how peer networks impact educational achievement and attainment. Results reveal that, in addition to those factors typically associated with academic outcomes (e.g., school composition), two individual-level peer network measures, SES and heterogeneity, had significant effects. Although educational attainment was generally worse in low SES schools, for all ethnic groups higher attainment was associated with attending schools with higher concentrations of minority students. At the individual level, however, membership in integrated peer networks was negatively related to high school graduation for Asians, Latinos, and non-Hispanic whites, and to GPA for Asians and Latinos, as only African-American achievement increased in more racially/ethnically heterogeneous peer networks. Our results suggest that co-ethnic and co-racial peer friendship networks should not be viewed as obstacles to the educational accomplishments of today’s youth. In fact, in many cases the opposite was true, as results generally support the ethnic social capital hypothesis while providing little corroboration for oppositional culture theory. Results also suggest that co-racial and co-ethnic ties may mediate the negative effects of school choice, or more specifically of between-school socioeconomic segregation. Consequently, we conclude that school policies aimed at socioeconomic desegregation are likely to beneficially affect the academic outcomes of all race/ethnic groups.