LC-MS／MS测定尿液中可卡因及其代谢物苯甲酰爱康宁

目的建立尿液中可卡因(cocaine,COC)及其代谢物苯甲酰爱康宁(benzoylecgonine,BZE)的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。方法尿液经固相萃取后,用AllurePFP丙基柱分离,以V(甲醇):V(20mmol/L乙酸胺和0.1%甲酸的缓冲溶液)=80∶20为流动相,采用二级质谱多反应监测模式检测COC和BZE。按10mg/kg的剂量对豚鼠腹腔注射可卡因,给药后收集7d尿液。结果尿液中COC和BZE在2.0～100ng/mL质量浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9995),最低检测限(LOD)为0.5ng/mL;回收率大于90%;日内和日间精密度均小于6%;豚鼠尿液中主要检测目标物是BZE,且BZE检测时限也较COC长。结论所建方法灵敏度高,选择性好,适用于尿液中可卡因和苯甲酰爱康宁的检测。     

Suicide by blasting caps: a case study of rare cranial trauma

Suicide is a deliberate act of ending one's life. Suicide by use of any explosive device, when not involved in a terrorist act, is quite rare in occurrence when compared with other methods routinely utilized. In this paper, we present to the medicolegal community a case of an adult male who committed suicide with blasting caps and the subsequent extensive damage to the cranial hard tissue. Although the cause and manner of death were relatively straightforward, consultation with forensic anthropologists was requested for an anthropological trauma assessment of the highly fragmented skull. After the skull was cleaned and reconstructed, the analysis revealed similarities between blasting cap trauma to the head and high velocity gunshot trauma to the head. Therefore, in a case where some evidence may have been removed or destroyed, forensic analysis involving trauma of this magnitude could result in a misinterpretation of the true mechanism responsible for the osseous damage. In this case, cooperation among the law enforcement agency, coroner's investigators, the forensic pathologist, and forensic anthropologists provided a comprehensive death case analysis.     

关于高效率课堂教学策略的探讨

课堂教学效率的高低直接影响着高校的教学质量,因此必须结合教学实际,采取多种教学策略,以达到提高教学质量之目的.     

State Government,Political Competition and Education Reform: Comparative Lessons from Brazil

The article explores the connection between democratisation, decentralisation and sub‐national policy making. It seeks to explain variation in the policy choices that were made by Brazilian state governments in the definition of school governance structures following the return to democracy. Whereas some state governments decided to institute the election of school principals by parents, students and teachers, others decided on the maintenance of opaque and discretionary practices that secured the distribution of school posts according to political criteria. The research relies on primary comparative evidence from three states: Bahia, Ceará and Minas Gerais. The argument is that the institutional choices made by state governments depended on the structure of political competition and on the extent and intensity of elite divisions at the state level.     

印文鉴定相关问题探讨——高仿真印文鉴定

当前,与印文鉴定相关的并在鉴定实践中经常遇到的新问题和难点问题有高仿真印文的鉴定、变造印章问题、利用真实印文变造文件、同版印章印文、朱墨时序等,本文就高仿真印文的鉴定进行了系统阐述,介绍了各种高仿真印文,包括各种高仿真印章的盖印印文、复制印文、转印印文的伪造手段及其特点,并提出了高仿真印文的鉴定思路和要点。     

培养高素质的驾驶员是驾校的神圣职责

确保道路交通安全是一项系统工程,人、车、路三大要素均对道路交通安全产生重大影响,而驾驶员的因素居于首位,是起决定性作用的因素。文章仅分析驾驶员的因素对道路交通安全的影响,以及从何处人手提高驾驶员的素质,遏制交通事故的发生。     

论理想人格与学校教育的关系

理想人格是一种无法具体描述和实现的假设,在学校教育中不可具体化、不具可操作性。因此,学校教育应该把理想人格视为终极目标,而不是直接目标,否则将会给学校教育带来灾难性破坏。学校教育真正目的被挤兑;学校组织界限被模糊化;学校教育效率降低等。所以,学校教育应该与理想人格保持距离。学校人格教育过程中影响因素复杂,致使学校人格教育与学生人格发展结果之间不存在线性关系。所有以理想人格为标准的对学生和学校教育的评价都是不合理的。     

唐代司法“三司”制度考论

唐代司法活动中,"三司受事"是由中书舍人、给事中、御史组成的常设上诉机构。"三司推事"是由刑部、御史台、大理寺组成接受差遣推鞠大案的临时组织。"三司受事"主要作为常设的最高上诉机构存在,必要时可以奉诏理问要案;"三司推事"自始至终是接受差遣审断重大案件的临时机构,终唐之世并未有承担上诉审职能的明确授权。     

青少年家庭道德影响与学校德育抵触现象探析

在当前的青少年教育中,存在着家庭道德影响与学校德育抵触现象,在德育思想观念、家长教养方式、对德育手段的理解上都存在着种种抵触。对此,家长应自觉提高素质,改变成才观念,理解教育者意图;学校应重视学生德育内化,加强与家长的沟通联系,变愿景教育为现实教育,增强学生的道德判断力和自觉抵御不良干扰的能力。     

高职计算机专业举办技能大赛的实践探索

结合高职计算机专业特点,依据岗位技能,开展丰富多彩的技能大赛,激发学员的自主学习兴趣,是提高高职院校人才培养质量的有效途径。文章通过近年来开展计算机相关专业技能大赛的实践,就举办技能大赛的内容选择、组织形式选择以及校企合作等方面,分析了如何利用技能大赛这种方式,提高学员的实践技能水平。提出依据专业特点、结合岗位技能分析、采纳合作单位的意见来优选技能大赛内容,同时通过技能大赛的形式提高学员的综合技能。