Determinants of e-government maturity： Do organizational specific factors matter？

E-government is said to be an efficient and effective way of delivering government services to its customers. Web information accessibility and online transactional services increase transparency, openness of bureaucratic institutions and reduce cost of transactions. Global e-government surveys which portray the trend in countries＇ e-government readiness and stage of e-government maturity rank developing countries at the bottom. Based on the benefits reaped from e-government and the fact that some countries can progress than others; it is evident that e-government has become a development phenomenon to researchers and policy makers. Accordingly, the basic empirical question to researchers has been on what determines e-government maturity？ To answer this question, it is important first to distinguish between e-readiness and e-government maturity in order to understand the intuition behind this question. E-readiness comprises of all prerequisite necessary to implement e-government while e-government maturity refers to the actual level of e-government progress a country has attained based on websites assessment. While macro factors such as level of Gross Domestic Product, human capital and ICT （information and communication technology） infrastructure are important in determining e-government maturity at the national level; they may not necessarily explain differences of e-government maturity among government agencies within the same country. In other words, why there are differences in e-government maturity among governmental agencies even in those countries which are ranked at the top. In this paper authors argue that organizational specific factors play a vital role in determining the stage of organizational e-government maturity. To accentuate the argument, authors provide one of the possible frameworks and respective propositions to indicate the influence of organizational specific characteristics on e-government maturity.     

风险企业与技术创新--兼论国外对风险企业的扶持对我国的启迪

风险企业在技术创新的过程中,起着筹措资金进行投入,缩短技术创新成果市场化时间,尽快实现科技成果经济转化的触媒作用.世界各国都极为重视扶持风险企业的发展,并且形成了创立风险基金、建立企业孵化器、完善立法、实施优惠政策等一系列行之有效的措施.这对推进我国风险企业的发展有着重要的启迪.     

陕甘宁边区高等法院对民事习惯的调查、甄别与适用

从1942年5月开始,陕甘宁边区高等法院通过法院系统内部上下级部署工作和学习任务的形式,以县为单位,由各县审判人员对本县的风俗习惯进行了比较系统的调查和甄别。截止1944年9月,该院共收集到8个县69条具有权利义务内容的民事习惯,并由收集者对之进行了初步的甄别。在此基础上,该院在民事案件的审理中适用了某些习惯。民事习惯的调查、甄别和适用,促进了审判人员对社会的了解和对民事习惯的认知,丰富了民事案件审判工作。该院虽然对所收集到的习惯进行了简单的整理,但未能完成系统的分析,也未制定出相关的政策和规则,因此这次调查未能发挥出更大的作用。     

论金融危机下高校思想政治教育工作的内容取向

国际金融危机不仅给我国经济社会发展带来严峻挑战,而且也给高校党建工作特别是思想政治教育工作带来新的挑战。高校思想政治教育工作是党建工作的重要组成部分,它的特殊主体是当代大学生。努力做好金融危机大背景下的高校思想政治教育工作,对加强大学生党建工作有重要意义。金融危机下高校思想政治教育工作,从内容取向方面来说,除了继续坚持对大学生进行原有的世界观、人生观和价值观教育以外,主要点可以概括为正确认识金融危机的本质、注重化解学生的心理危机、树立战胜金融危机的信心、拓宽知识结构和提高实践能力等几个方面。     

Justice institutions in autocracies: a framework for analysis

What role do justice institutions play in autocracies? We bring together the literatures on authoritarian political institutions and on judicial politics to create a framework to answer this question. We start from the premise that autocrats use justice institutions to deal with the fundamental problems of control and power-sharing. Unpacking “justice institutions” we argue that prosecutors and ordinary courts can serve, respectively, as “top-down” and “bottom-up” monitoring and information-gathering mechanisms helping the dictator in the choice between repression and cooptation. We also argue that representation in the Supreme Court and special jurisdictions enables the dictator and his ruling coalition to solve intra-elite conflicts facilitating coordination. We provide several examples from Mexico under the hegemonic system of the PRI and of Spain under Francisco Franco, as well as punctual illustrations from other countries around the world. We conclude by reflecting on some of the potential consequences of this usage of justice institutions under autocracy for democratization.     

对高职院校装潢艺术设计教育问题与对策的思考

当前,高职院校装潢艺术设计教育工作存在教学目的不明确、教学方法守旧、教学内容同一化等诸多问题。针对这一现状,我们要树立正确的教育观,通过教学方法和教学内容的更新,整合教育资源,建立适应时代需要的教育体系,全面提高该专业的教学质量,从而为该专业的发展创造良好的条件。     

高技术局部战争中电子对抗的特征

结合８０年代以来发生的几场主要高技术条件下局部战争的战例，可以看出电子对抗的主要特征：电子对抗已经渗透到了军事的各个领域；主要目标是Ｃ３Ｉ系统；采取的手段是“软”、“硬”打击并举；电子对抗已几乎贯穿于战争的全过程，成为高技术局部战争中的重要作战手段。现代战场上，电子对抗斗争异常激烈，没有“电磁优势”、“钢铁优势”就难以维持，不掌握“制电磁权”，就谈不上什么制空权、制海权     

Preventing Transboundary Crises: The Management and Regulation of Setbacks

Setbacks—unanticipated, unwanted, and often sudden checks on moving forward—are common in crisis prevention. Managing setbacks, however, is rarely discussed. Even less discussed is the central role that setback management can play in preventing transboundary crises across interdependent critical infrastructures for electricity, water, transportation, and financial services. With a focus on the ongoing financial crisis and on strategies for resilience and anticipation, the article draws out implications for crisis prevention as the first, rather than last, line of defense in managing future crises.     

New Challenges for International Rules Against Cyber-Crime

In light of the borderless nature of cyber-crime, international legislation and action are essential to combat the phenomenon. Current legal instruments, as well as continuing efforts of international organizations, provide a significant basis in this area. However, important issues are still open, such as a uniform or harmonized definition of the crimes and of the sanctions to be imposed on perpetrators, which are a prerequisite for avoiding domestic legislation taking different approaches to the subject matter. The clarification of these issues is also a prerequisite for enhancing international cooperation and making it effective, if this has to be based on the respect for the principle of dual criminality. In this context, it must also be stressed that interstate cooperation may not be sufficient if the private sector, including companies producing hardware and software, are not involved. Finally, a harmonized approach to jurisdictional issues, including careful consideration of the universality principle, would also play a critical role in combating cyber-crime.     

发挥高校统一战线在党管人才工作中的作用

人才问题是关系党和国家事业发展的关键问题。能不能培养出优秀人才，在很大程度上决定着一个政党、一个国家的兴衰存亡。我们必须坚持党管人才的原则，把各方面的优秀人才集聚到党和国家各项事业中来，使我们党真正成为优秀人才密集的执政党，这是加强党的执政能力建设的一项极其重要的工作。本文试图从党管人才、高校统一战线的优势、高校统一战线作用的发挥三个方面综合探讨，研究高校统一战线这一执政兴国的“法宝”，在党管人才，加强党的执政能力建设中的作用。