中国农村人口出生性别比发展水平分析

出生性别比是人口性别年龄结构发展变化的自然基础。出生性别比失衡是中国人口问题面临的一个复杂、实际的深层次问题。依据历次人口普查数据显示,由于农村较低的生产力水平和现行的计划生育政策,人口出生性别比偏高的趋势仍未明显缓解。传统的生育文化是导致农村出生性别比居高不下的根本原因,宽松的计划生育政策及执行是出生性别比偏高的关键因素,先进医疗技术的滥用甚至违法使用更加速了出生性别比的失衡状态,另外农村社会保障薄弱以及计划生育户的奖励幅度过低也是出生性别比偏高的主要原因。     

中国高职教育课程模式现状及其发展走向

鉴于当前我国高职教育课程模式占主流的学科导向课程,导致高职教育人才培养质量与市场需求之间出现了较大偏差,影响了高职教育人才培养的质量与规格。我国高职课程模式在借鉴国外先进模式并结合国内实际情况下不断地改革和发展,课程项目化必将成为高职教育课程模式改革的必然选择。     

Comparing targeted intervention modalities for high conflict co-parents: A quasi-experimental study

High conflict co-parents engage in recurrent litigation that significantly strains the court system and exacerbates their conflict. Given barriers to their engagement in service delivery (e.g., level of conflict, transportation, child care), it is vital to evaluate targeted interventions and to examine different intervention modalities (e.g., online, hybrid). This study compared court involvement and rates of parental agreement among 178 high conflict cases that received a multi-component intervention, either in-person or in a hybrid version. Results demonstrated no significant differences between groups in the change in number of court negotiations, child-related issues, or court services from before to after-intervention completion or in the proportion of parenting cases who reached an agreement. Both versions demonstrated significant reductions in parents' court involvement from before to after-intervention completion. These findings suggest the need for future research to evaluate the comparative efficacy of hybrid programs and in-person programs for high conflict co-parents with greater methodological rigor in light of the current study's findings and limitations.     

中国城市转型升级能力评价体系的构建和测度——基于中国大陆290个地级及以上城市的实证研究

面对经济社会发展的新趋势新机遇和新矛盾新挑战,中国提出了创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享新发展理念,中国城市也进入了以高质量发展为目标的全面转型阶段。在梳理和总结国内外城市发展转型相关文献的基础上,我们构建了符合新时代新发展理念的城市转型升级能力评价体系,指标体系涵盖经济转型、社会转型、文化转型、生态转型等领域,核心指标体现转型特点、兼顾区域差异、结合当前重点和长远发展,并对中国大陆290个地级及以上城市的转型升级能力进行持续的跟踪和评价。     

推动安徽县域经济高质量发展研究——以肥东县为例

县域经济在国民经济发展中举足轻重,实现县域经济高质量发展得到了安徽各地的普遍重视,并在实践探索中积累了一些重要经验。县域经济要实现高质量发展,必须结合自身的现实基础,因地制宜,找准有效路径。     

A Preliminary Forensic Entomological Study of Beetles (Coleoptera) in Interior Alaska,USA*

Forensic entomology uses knowledge of arthropod ecology to help solve crimes. There has been no published forensic entomological research in Alaska. We used one piglet carcass split in half to create two carcass plots in Fairbanks (~64.8°N, subarctic) that were sampled over a period of 59 days in 2019. Four pitfall traps were placed around each carcass, and four similarly arranged pitfall traps were placed 40 m distant as controls. Traps were emptied approximately weekly covering the first four stages of decomposition. We focused on adults of the larger-bodied (>9 mm) families and subfamilies of Coleoptera: Staphylinidae (subfamily Staphylininae), Carabidae, and Silphidae. A total of 621 specimens were collected and processed: 29 staphylinines, 210 carabids, and 382 silphids. A one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference between the mean numbers of staphylinines or carabids caught in carcass versus control traps. Silphids showed significantly greater mean number of beetles caught in carcass traps relative to control traps. Four species of Silphidae were documented, but contrary to similar studies, the vast majority of specimens belonged to two species of Nicrophorus (N. vespilloides Herbst and N. investigator Zetterstedt). Each of the three target taxa showed a peak in the number of specimens collected during the bloat stage of decomposition despite the carabid peak being driven by a phytophagous species.     

Weber and ‘legitimate domination’: a theoretical critique of Weber's conceptualisation of ‘relations of domination’ ∗

In this paper it is argued that Weber cannot provide a consistent account of the maintenance of systems of ‘legitimate domination’. This argument is based upon an examination of Weber's fundamental concepts of ‘actio’ and ‘behaviour’ and their theoretical relation to Weber's ‘ideal-typical’ approach to the phenomenon of ‘domination’. Through this examination it may be seen that Weber fails to determine the specific ‘natural’ and ‘social’ conditions of forms of domination. Furthermore, Weber's theoretical position can be seen to result in an implicit attempt to combine irreconcilable ‘natural’ and ‘ideal’ forms of determination.     

The Current Status and Future Direction of Nanotechnology Regulations: A View from Nano‐scientists

This article presents an up‐to‐date view of leading U.S. nanoscientists' perceptions about the regulation of nanotechnology. Our analysis draws from the results of a 2011 mail survey with 444 of the most prolific nanoscientists in the United States to explore their perceptions about existing nanotech policies, the development of new nanotech policies, and mandatory policies about the implementation of safe lab practices for federally funded nanoresearch. In addition to exploring the scientists' perceptions about these pressing policy issues, we also test relationships between their perceptions about regulation and control variables such as gender, disciplinary affiliation, and political ideology. Last, the results of the 2011 data collection are compared with a similar mail survey that was conducted in 2007 with leading U.S. nanoscientists to explore any changes over the four‐year time period in scientists' perceptions about nanotechnology policy making, and governmental involvement in nanotechnology research.     

对高技术战争的伦理思考

随着现代高技术信息手段和非致命性武器在战场上的使用 ,一些人开始频繁地用“文明”、“人道”等溢美之词来修饰高技术战争。其实 ,高技术战争仍然是敌我对抗的暴力活动 ,战争手段的高技术化并不能消除战争本身给人类带来的灾难性后果。更重要的是 ,出于非正义目的的高技术战争即使伤亡再小 ,也不能掩盖其不人道、不文明的本质