浅谈高坠案的现场勘查与法医学检验鉴定要点

高坠案是司法实践检案最常见的类型之一.高坠案的性质有他杀、自杀和意外,多见于后两者.但受高坠案发的突然性、现场多无人在场、很少有可靠的痕迹物证等客观条件限制,使得高坠案的性质判断极其困难.以基层司法实践检案研究为背景,从对高坠现场的坠落起点、坠落空间、水平移行距离、坠落终点进行客观仔细的勘查,全面系统的法医检验鉴定,深入详细的调查走访等多个方面进行全面的阐述和介绍.     

Development of a fast, simple profiling method for sample screening using high resolution melting (HRM) of STRs

A screening assay has been developed to provide preliminary individualization of crime scene samples thus eliminating expensive, time-consuming short tandem repeat (STR) profiling of nonprobative samples. High resolution melting performed in a real-time PCR instrument is used to detect the slight melting differences between the length and sequence variations of 22 forensic STRs. Three STRs (vWA, D18S51, THO1) were chosen to develop an assay which was optimized for Mg++ concentration, annealing/extension time/temperature, assay volume, and bovine serum albumin addition. The assay was tested for reproducibility, uniformity for genotype, melting profile consistency, effects of inhibitors, and mixture effects. The assay could be used to determine DNA concentration when a standard curve is run simultaneously. Calculations of costs show that the assay can save significant time and money for a crime with many samples or suspects.     

Characterization and dating of blue ballpoint pen inks using principal component analysis of UV-Vis absorption spectra, IR spectroscopy, and HPTLC

The ink of pens and ink extracted from lines on white photocopier paper of 10 blue ballpoint pens were subjected to ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, infrared (IR), and high-performance thin-layer liquid chromatography (HPTLC). The R(f) values and color tones of the bands separated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis used to classify the writing inks into three groups. The principal component analysis (PCA) investigates the pen responsible for a piece of writing, and how time affects spectroscopy of written ink. PCA can differentiate between pen ink and ink line indicates the influence of solvent extraction process on the results. The PCA loadings are useful in individualization of a questioned ink from a database. The PCA of ink lines extracted at different times can be used to estimate the time at which a questioned document was written. The results proved that the UV-Vis spectra are effective tool to separate blue ballpoint pen ink in most cases rather than IR and HPTLC.     

The Role of Experts in the European Union's Research Policy

This research analyzes the role of experts in the European Union's policy‐making process. Focusing on the field of research policy, this study seeks to probe how expert participation in the Open Method of Coordination informs policy decisions. The paper reports on an analysis of the expert group in the European Internationalization Strategy in Science and Technology. Our analysis reveals the dynamics of expert participation at the micro level, as it identifies who these experts are, how they are appointed, and in what ways expert knowledge gets used in policy making.     

涤纶纤维上分散染料的液-质分析

目的建立液-质联用技术对涤纶纤维上分散染料进行分析的方法。方法以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为提取剂,在负离子模式下对12个黄色涤纶纤维上分散染料进行分析。结果12种分散染料在负离子模式质谱检测条件下均得到了有效的分析。根据一级负离子模式下总离子流图中准分子离子峰质荷比的不同,可将其中8种样品一一鉴别开。在此基础上,从染料离子化产物中选取响应信号较强的准分子离子为母离子,再对母离子进行二级质谱全扫描,依据二级质谱图中特征碎片峰的数目、质荷比的异同可对纤维上染料进一步进行鉴别。结论液-质联用法是检验有色纤维上染料的一种科学、有效的方法。     

多边主义与东亚高政治合作

中国在国际关系中积极倡导多边主义,充分体现了中国外交与时俱进的精神和当代中国外交文化的先进性内涵.推动东亚政治合作是面向21世纪中国奉行多边主义外交战略的重要步骤,它事关东亚能否崛起为世界重要一极.中国在东亚的多边主义战略目标是构建一个和谐的东亚政治经济和安全环境.由于传统和历史的原因,东亚国家一直比较重视在"低政治"领域展开合作,但对"高政治"领域的合作却畏首畏尾,显得比较缓慢和迟钝.其实,东亚国家在战后初期就存在着大国主导"高政治"领域合作的空间.东亚虽然是世界主要的文明发祥地、战后各主要国家也先后实现了经济的起飞,但是政治上的作用却未能很好发挥出来.相反,东亚却成为霸权主义和强权政治轻易得手和随意操纵的地方,特别是由于政治合作意愿淡薄,直接导致了东亚大国政治上的分散化和政治问题的频繁发生,进而也威胁到经济社会发展领域,中日关系就是一个突出的例子.解决朝核问题的多边主义模式应该机制化,这是东亚"高政治"合作的重要起点,而中国应该成为该机制化过程中的主导力量.     

Two Systems of Youth Service: Determinants of Voluntary and Required Youth Community Service

Although an increasing number of schools mandate service, this requirement is seen by some as self-contradictory, especially in contrast to voluntary service. Looking closely at the service process, we argue that the categories of required and voluntary, do not in themselves convey the nature of service students might do with implications for the benefits they may derive from service. We report data from students in 2 high schools to support our case. Both schools required service, but one integrated it into the curriculum whereas the other left choice of service to individual students. Students in the former school were more apt to do the kinds of service that engage students cognitively and emotionally and involve them in reflection on politics and morals. Apart from fulfilling their requirement, many of the students also did volunteer service of the kinds that were potentially beneficial. These students were likely to have parents and best friends who also did service and to belong to churches and civic organizations that sponsored or encouraged service as part of an ideological commitment. The data support the idea that required and volunteer service can be usefully viewed as operating according to separate regimens. Nevertheless, both have the potential for yielding benefits when service is viewed as providing youth with opportunities to learn about systems of meaning through participatory action. From the viewpoint of educational policy, schools can help students most when they organize service strategically and integrate service into the academic curriculum.     

Romantic Relationship Aggression and Attitudes in High School Students: The Role of Gender,Grade, and Attachment and Emotional Styles

Use of aggressive behaviors in adolescent romantic relationships, the endorsement of attitudes that promote such behaviors, and the extent to which attachment and emotional styles are related to these behaviors and attitudes were examined in 254 high school students. In general, aggressive behaviors and attitudes were not common. As expected girls were somewhat more likely to report being the perpetrator of physical aggression and boys were somewhat more likely to endorse the acceptance of aggression and dysfunctional sexual attitudes. For girls, a less secure relationship with best friends and lower levels of shame and guilt were related to the use of aggression in romantic relationships and endorsing less healthy attitudes about these relationships. For boys, externalizing responsibility for harm to others was related to using physical aggression in romantic relationships and lower levels of guilt and shame were related to the justification of sexual aggression. Intervention implications discussed include the need to employ programs that are grounded in the nature of adolescent relationships where aggression is more often mutual between partners, and the potential benefit of targeting emotional styles.     

高危犯管理研究

高危犯不是监狱在押犯主体。但在在押犯构成中占有一定比例。这些罪犯一般思想不稳定，情绪性表现异常，监控困难，现实危险性突出，潜在危险难控，直接威胁着监狱的安全、稳定。强化集中管控，实施个别化教育，是教育、矫正高危犯，消除监管安全隐患的有效方法。     

H1N1亚型猪流感病毒HA基因的表达及单克隆抗体的制备

采用RT-PCR方法扩增了H1N1亚型猪流感病毒(SIV)广东株的血凝素(HA)基因,测序后对HA基因进行了生物信息学分析。将HA基因克隆到高效可溶表达载体pBCX上,成功构建重组表达质粒pBCX-HA。将其转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,用IPTG进行诱导表达。诱导表达的HA融合蛋白分子质量约为94.0 ku,表达产物占菌体总蛋白的29.5%。经Western-blot分析证实可溶表达的融合蛋白与H1N1亚型猪流感病毒阳性血清具有良好的免疫反应性。用纯化的HA融合蛋白作包被抗原用于猪流感病毒单克隆抗体的筛选,成功筛选到2株针对HA蛋白抗原表位的单克隆抗体;ELISA结果表明,制备的SIV单克隆抗体ⅢF6A4C10与H1N1亚型SIV抗原具有特异的免疫反应性,为H1N1 SIV的鉴别诊断奠定了基础。