Analyzing the Dynamics and Morphology of Cast‐off Pattern at Different Speed Levels Using High‐speed Digital Video Imaging

During a bloodstain pattern analysis, one of the essential tasks is to distinguish between different kinds of applied forces as well as to estimate their level of intensity. In this study, high‐speed digital imaging has been used to analyze the formation of cast‐off patterns generated by a simulated backswing with a blood‐bearing object. For this purpose, 0.5 mL blood was applied evenly over the last 5 cm of a blade simulant. Bloodstains were created through the controlled acceleration of a backswing at different speed levels between 1.1 m/sec and 3.8 m/sec. The flight dynamics of blood droplets were captured with an Olympus^® i‐Speed 3 high‐speed digital camera with a Nikon^® AF Nikkor 50 mm f/1.8 D lens and analyzed using the Olympus i‐Speed 3 Viewer software. The video analysis showed that, during the backswing, blood droplets would move toward the lower end of the knifepoint and would be tangentially thrown off. These droplets impacted on the horizontal surface according to the arc of the swing. An increase in velocity led to longer cast‐off patterns with distinct morphological characteristics. Under laboratory conditions, bloodstain pattern analysis allows certain conclusions about the intensity of a backswing and provides instructions on the position of the offender. However, due to the number of unknown variables at a crime scene, such interpretation of cast‐off patterns is extremely limited and should be performed with extreme caution.     

特色办学与高层次应用型人才培养模式探索

大学发展的历史证明,培养人才一直是大学职能中的首要任务。为确保这一历史使命的实现,学校办学从围绕培养符合自己学校实际情况的高层次应用人才,即“大商科”特色人才的定位出发,积极探索涵盖人才特色、专业特色、培养特色的特色办学道路和以“能力为中心”的教育模式。为坚固教学中心,确保人才培养质量,必须在处理好教学与科研关系的基础上,努力推进教学制度、教学激励机制、教师队伍建设等方面的教学改革。     

Citrate Content of Bone as a Measure of Postmortem Interval: An External Validation Study

The postmortem interval (PMI) of skeletal remains is a crucial piece of information that can help establish the time dimension in criminal cases. Unfortunately, the accurate and reliable determination of PMI from bone continues to evade forensic investigators despite concerted efforts over the past decades to develop suitable qualitative and quantitative methods. A relatively new PMI method based on the analysis of citrate content of bone was developed by Schwarcz et al. The main objective of our research was to determine whether this work could be externally validated. Thirty‐one bone samples were obtained from the Forensic Anthropology Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and the Onondaga County Medical Examiner's Office. Results from analyzing samples with PMI greater than 2 years suggest that the hypothetical relationship between the citrate content of bone and PMI is much weaker than reported. It was also observed that the average absolute error between the PMI value estimated using the equation proposed by Schwarcz et al. and the actual (“true”) PMI of the sample was negative indicating an underestimation in PMI. These findings are identical to those reported by Kanz et al. Despite these results this method may still serve as a technique to sort ancient from more recent skeletal cases, after further, similar validation studies have been conducted.     

Older adults in secure mental health care: health,social wellbeing and security needs measured with HoNOS-secure across different age groups

The number of older offenders is rapidly increasing in the United Kingdom and some older adults with mental health issues are referred to secure care services. It is therefore important to understand their unique characteristics in order to develop services based on their individual needs rather than chronological age. This study explored wellbeing and security needs of younger and older patients admitted to a secure psychiatric hospital. HoNOS-secure assessment at admission and discharge was extracted and used to build an anonymous data-set. Group comparison and score change during admission were conducted for six age groups: 18–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64 and 65+. Younger patients improved on most measures whereas older patients aged 55–65+ showed little improvement or deterioration over time. This finding suggests that the subscales are sensitive to age difference although the needs measured by HoNOS-secure are less likely to inform the decision to discharge.     

高速公路声屏障降噪声场的分布特性

通过对高速公路侧向有、无声屏障状态下的声场分布测试与分析 ,旨在揭示高速公路声屏障降噪声场的分布特性 ,为道路声屏障的声学设计及验收方法提供科学依据     

真伪储蓄合同之辨——储蓄合同效力的考察

本文从主体适格、意思表示真实和不违反法律和公共利益三个角度分析了储蓄合同的效力 ,提出了两个主要观点 :一是不能一概排除无民事行为能力人订立储蓄合同的资格 ,无民事行为能力人订立的储蓄合同应作为效力待定合同通过法定代理人的允许或承认而发生法律效力 ;二是反对高息纳储不等于取消利率的任何差别 ,只有在国家严格监管下允许储蓄机构利用一定的利率浮动进行合理竞争 ,才能既维护金融秩序的稳定又保障储蓄业务的健康活力。     

安全电子邮件系统的设计与实现

电子邮件传输中的安全性问题十分重要,一种在电子邮件终端实现的安全电子邮件系统可充分保障电子邮件传输中的机密性、完整性和可鉴别性。同时,该系统不需要对通用邮件服务器进行改动,因而部署简便、经济,实用性好。     

高薪“养廉”还是“助贪”——兼论薪酬杠杆在惩治和预防腐败体系建设中的作用

如果没有文化、制度等方面的措施作为前提，公务人员过高的薪俸反而可能助长腐败。因此，在廉政建设中，必须正确认识薪酬这一杠杆的作用，确定合理的薪酬水平，同时加强会计和审计监督以及人员选拔和考核等方面的制度建设和创新。     

我国高等教育成本与收费的经济学分析

高等教育改革是当今世界教育改革的热点和重点领域。目前我国高等教育的经费来源实现了多渠道,但主要由政府和个人承担。优化我国高等教育成本分担有以下四个途径：加大政府财政对高等教育的支持力度;扩大高等教育的融资渠道,鼓励企业、个人等社会力量支持高等教育;大力发展民办教育;进一步完善和扩大高校助学贷款的规模和范围。     

Stability and change in subjective quality of life of adolescents in secure residential care

Subjective quality of life (QoL) is an outcome measure often used in the field of psychiatry. While upcoming strength-based rehabilitation theories place strong emphasis on subjective QoL, it has hardly ever been investigated in adolescents with severe psychiatric problems who are admitted to secure residential care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the stability and change of subjective QoL of adolescents with severe psychiatric problems. Additionally, the effect of discharge and re-entering society on subjective QoL was studied. In a four-wave longitudinal study, the subjective QoL of 172 male adolescents with severe psychiatric problems was examined. Five subjective QoL domains remained stable over time, while five other domains changed. A decrease in satisfaction with family relations and social participation was observed for discharged adolescents. These results warrant for continuing guidance of adolescents in order for them to positively adapt to a new life outside secure residential care.